{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T17:52:46Z","timestamp":1790790766826,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774483200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777939200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":40,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Key R&D Program of the China Ministry of Science and Technology","award":["2024YFC2510600"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024YFC2510600"]}]},{"name":"Key Project of Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province","award":["H2024206134"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H2024206134"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Orthop Traumatol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We aimed to determine the cumulative in-hospital incidence, anatomic distribution, and predictors of duplex ultrasonography-detected lower-extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in patients hospitalized with tibial plateau fractures under routine thromboprophylaxis and protocolized surveillance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\u00a0We retrospectively analyzed consecutive adults (\u2265\u200918\u00a0years) admitted to two level-I trauma centers (November 2014\u2013January 2024). Bilateral duplex ultrasonography was performed on admission\/preoperatively (as soon as feasible after arrival and prior to surgery) and repeated serially during hospitalization (approximately every 5\u20137\u00a0days and when clinically suspected). The primary outcome was cumulative in-hospital DVT from admission to discharge; isolated intermuscular calf-muscle vein thrombosis (soleal\/gastrocnemius) was recorded descriptively but excluded from the primary endpoint. Multiple injuries (polytrauma) were defined as\u2009\u2265\u20091 additional acute traumatic lesion beyond the index tibial plateau fracture documented on admission. Pulmonary embolism (PE) was assessed only when clinically suspected and confirmed by computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA). Multivariable logistic regression identified independent predictors; receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis evaluated discrimination for key continuous predictors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 3366 patients, 675 developed in-hospital DVT (20.0%). First detection occurred preoperatively in 432 (64.0%) patients and postoperatively in 243 (36.0%). Most events were distal (584\/675, 86.5%) and ipsilateral (617\/675, 91.4%); proximal DVT occurred in 91 patients (2.7% of the cohort). Independent predictors included age, multiple injuries, anemia, alcohol use, and inverse associations with activated partial thromboplastin time and serum sodium. ROC analysis of age showed modest discrimination (area under the curve [AUC] 0.593) with a cohort-derived Youden threshold of 42\u00a0years (age\u2009\u2265\u200942 years). Symptomatic PE occurred in five patients (0.15% of the cohort) and was confirmed by CTPA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\u00a0Under protocolized inpatient duplex surveillance, patients with tibial plateau fracture had a substantial in-hospital burden of predominantly distal and ipsilateral DVT. Increasing age was independently associated with DVT; however, age alone showed limited discriminatory ability (AUC 0.593), with a cohort-derived Youden threshold of 42\u00a0years (age\u2009\u2265\u200942\u00a0years). Multiple injuries, anemia, alcohol use, shorter activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and lower serum sodium were independently associated with DVT, while the discrimination of age alone was modest. These findings may help inform risk stratification and the consideration of systematic or risk-adapted surveillance and individualized perioperative management; prospective studies are needed to determine whether risk-tailored strategies improve clinically meaningful outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s10195-026-00916-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T10:07:28Z","timestamp":1774519648000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["In-hospital deep vein thrombosis after tibial plateau fractures: incidence, laterality\/anatomy, and risk factors in a multicenter retrospective cohort of 3366 patients"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Shuo","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guoqiang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiran","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yubin","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaqi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lingfeng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zihang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changsheng","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5838-4025","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhiyong","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"916_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s10195-023-00699-2","volume":"24","author":"Y Hu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hu Y, Zhu L et\u00a0al (2023) Prevalence of preoperative deep vein thrombosis in long-bone fractures of the lower limbs: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Orthop Traumatol 24:19","journal-title":"J Orthop Traumatol"},{"key":"916_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.5152\/j.aott.2023.23074","volume":"57","author":"K Uzel","year":"2023","unstructured":"Uzel K, Azboy I et\u00a0al (2023) Venous thromboembolism in orthopedic surgery: global guidelines. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc 57:192\u2013203","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc"},{"key":"916_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-020-02136-0","volume":"15","author":"J Li","year":"2020","unstructured":"Li J, Zhu Y et\u00a0al (2020) Incidence and locations of deep venous thrombosis of the lower extremity following surgeries of tibial plateau fractures: a prospective cohort study. J Orthop Surg Res 15:605","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"key":"916_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-021-02259-y","volume":"16","author":"Y Zhu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhu Y, Chen W et\u00a0al (2021) Incidence and locations of preoperative deep venous thrombosis of the lower extremity following tibial plateau fractures: a prospective cohort study. J Orthop Surg Res 16:113","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"key":"916_CR5","first-page":"25","volume":"8","author":"JC Song","year":"2021","unstructured":"Song JC, Yang LK et\u00a0al (2021) Chinese expert consensus on diagnosis and treatment of trauma-induced hypercoagulopathy. Mil Med Res 8:25","journal-title":"Mil Med Res"},{"key":"916_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000038439","volume":"103","author":"X Qian","year":"2024","unstructured":"Qian X, Ge Y et\u00a0al (2024) Risk factors for deep vein thrombosis after traumatic lower-extremity fracture: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 103:e38439","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"916_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1115920","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2023.1115920","volume":"10","author":"D Shi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Shi D, Bao B et\u00a0al (2023) Risk factors for deep vein thrombosis in patients with pelvic or lower-extremity fractures in the emergency intensive care unit. Front Surg 10:1115920","journal-title":"Front Surg"},{"key":"916_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107602962311671","DOI":"10.1177\/10760296231167143","volume":"29","author":"L Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang L, Liu X et\u00a0al (2023) Incidence and risk factors of admission deep vein thrombosis in patients with traumatic fracture: a multicenter retrospective study. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 29:10760296231167144","journal-title":"Clin Appl Thromb Hemost"},{"issue":"6","key":"916_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e545","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.07.055","volume":"160","author":"SM Stevens","year":"2021","unstructured":"Stevens SM, Woller SC, Kreuziger LB et\u00a0al (2021) Antithrombotic therapy for venous thromboembolism disease: second update of the CHEST guideline and expert panel report. Chest 160(6):e545\u2013e608","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"916_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4693","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2020001830","volume":"4","author":"TL Ortel","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ortel TL, Neumann I, Ageno W et\u00a0al (2020) American Society of Hematology 2020 guidelines for management of venous thromboembolism. Blood Adv 4:4693\u20134738","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"key":"916_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0316628","volume":"20","author":"S Yang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yang S, Zhang E, Li Z et\u00a0al (2025) Deep vein thrombosis in patients with patellar fractures. PLoS ONE 20:e0316628","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"916_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1076029620913948","volume":"26","author":"L Jiahao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jiahao L, Kun Z, Binfei Z et\u00a0al (2020) Relationship between the incidence of deep vein thrombosis during hospitalization and the energy of injury in tibial plateau fractures. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 26:1076029620913948","journal-title":"Clin Appl Thromb Hemost"},{"key":"916_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14103490","volume":"14","author":"H Hermel","year":"2025","unstructured":"Hermel H, Yacoub S, Souleiman F et\u00a0al (2025) Incidence of unapparent preoperative deep vein thrombosis in patients with traumatic intra-articular tibial plateau fracture. J Clin Med 14:3490","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"916_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1558","DOI":"10.1111\/os.13306","volume":"14","author":"WG Zhao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhao WG, Zhang WL, Zhang YZ (2022) Characteristics of deep venous thrombosis in isolated lower-extremity fractures. Orthop Surg 14:1558\u20131568","journal-title":"Orthop Surg"},{"key":"916_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-021-02558-4","volume":"16","author":"Z Tan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tan Z, Hu H, Wang Z et\u00a0al (2021) Prevalence and risk factors of preoperative deep vein thrombosis in closed patella fracture: a prospective cohort study. J Orthop Surg Res 16:404","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"key":"916_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-020-01765-9","volume":"15","author":"D Liu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liu D, Zhu Y, Chen W et\u00a0al (2020) Relationship between inflammation\/immune indexes and deep vein thrombosis after tibial plateau fractures. J Orthop Surg Res 15:241","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"key":"916_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20206","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-24717-1","volume":"12","author":"P Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang P, Yan X, Fei C et\u00a0al (2022) Clinically important venous thromboembolism in tibial plateau fractures: incidence and risk factors. Sci Rep 12:20206","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"916_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3860","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2023.284612","volume":"109","author":"A Tran","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tran A, Lutsey PL, Carrier M (2024) Minor trauma and venous thromboembolism: threshold for prophylaxis. Haematologica 109:3860\u20133867","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"916_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2015.03.052","volume":"158","author":"ZC Dietch","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dietch ZC, Edwards BL, Thames M et\u00a0al (2015) Rate of lower-extremity ultrasonography in trauma patients is associated with rate of deep vein thrombosis but not pulmonary embolism. Surgery 158:379\u2013385","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"916_CR20","first-page":"994","volume":"66","author":"ER Haut","year":"2009","unstructured":"Haut ER, Chang DC, Pierce CA et\u00a0al (2009) Predictors of posttraumatic deep vein thrombosis: hospital practice versus patient factors. J Trauma 66:994\u20131001","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"916_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-021-02902-8","volume":"17","author":"K Ding","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ding K, Wang H, Jia Y et\u00a0al (2022) Incidence and risk factors of preoperative deep vein thrombosis in young and middle-aged hip fracture. J Orthop Surg Res 17:15","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"key":"916_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000039825","volume":"103","author":"CS Yang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yang CS, Tan Z (2024) Predictive model for preoperative deep vein thrombosis in elderly hip fracture. Medicine (Baltimore) 103:e39825","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"916_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-022-02972-2","volume":"17","author":"W Zhao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhao W, Zhao J, Liu T et\u00a0al (2022) Preoperative deep vein thrombosis following pelvic and acetabular fractures. J Orthop Surg Res 17:77","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"key":"916_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5812\/atr.32915","volume":"5","author":"PS Whiting","year":"2016","unstructured":"Whiting PS, White-Dzuro GA, Greenberg SE et\u00a0al (2016) Risk factors for deep vein thrombosis following orthopaedic trauma surgery: analysis of 56,000 patients. Arch Trauma Res 5:e32915","journal-title":"Arch Trauma Res"},{"key":"916_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1177\/000313480507100504","volume":"71","author":"SP Stawicki","year":"2005","unstructured":"Stawicki SP, Grossman MD, Cipolla J et\u00a0al (2005) Deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism in trauma patients: an overstatement? Am Surg 71:387\u2013391","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"key":"916_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-022-05869-7","volume":"23","author":"H Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang H, Wu L, Cheng B (2022) Preoperative anemia and deep vein thrombosis in bone trauma. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 23:905","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"916_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1186\/s10195-022-00639-6","volume":"23","author":"T Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang T, Guo J, Long Y et\u00a0al (2023) Risk factors for preoperative deep vein thrombosis in hip fracture: a meta-analysis. J Orthop Traumatol 23:19","journal-title":"J Orthop Traumatol"},{"issue":"12","key":"916_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3631","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2004-03-1042","volume":"104","author":"A Tripodi","year":"2004","unstructured":"Tripodi A, Chantarangkul V, Martinelli I, Bucciarelli P, Mannucci PM (2004) A shortened activated partial thromboplastin time is associated with the risk of venous thromboembolism. Blood 104(12):3631\u20133634","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"6","key":"916_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2006.01983.x","volume":"4","author":"A Tripodi","year":"2006","unstructured":"Tripodi A, Chantarangkul V, Asti D, Mannucci PM (2006) Activated partial thromboplastin time: results of a case\u2013control study evaluating six commercial reagents in assessing the risk of venous thromboembolism. J Thromb Haemost 4(6):1407\u20131409","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"916_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1178","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201003-0481OC","volume":"182","author":"N Scherz","year":"2010","unstructured":"Scherz N, Labar\u00e8re J, M\u00e9an M et\u00a0al (2010) Prognostic importance of low sodium in acute pulmonary embolism. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 182:1178\u20131183","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"916_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1186\/s12959-018-0165-5","volume":"16","author":"S Temraz","year":"2018","unstructured":"Temraz S, Tamim H, Mailhac A et\u00a0al (2018) Could sodium imbalances predispose to postoperative venous thromboembolism? Thromb J 16:11","journal-title":"Thromb J"},{"key":"916_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0039-1681100","volume":"119","author":"M Johansson","year":"2019","unstructured":"Johansson M, Johansson L, Wennberg M, Lind M (2019) Alcohol consumption and risk of first-time venous thromboembolism. Thromb Haemost 119:962\u2013970","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"916_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-021-00264-3","volume":"7","author":"EE Moore","year":"2021","unstructured":"Moore EE, Moore HB, Kornblith LZ et\u00a0al (2021) Trauma-induced coagulopathy. Nat Rev Dis Primers 7:30","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"916_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2075","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.110.209049","volume":"30","author":"K van Langevelde","year":"2010","unstructured":"van Langevelde K, Sr\u00e1mek A, Rosendaal FR (2010) The effect of aging on venous valves. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 30:2075\u20132080","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"916_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4933-5-12","volume":"5","author":"D Mari","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mari D, Ogliari G, Castaldi D et\u00a0al (2008) Hemostasis and ageing. Immun Ageing 5:12","journal-title":"Immun Ageing"},{"key":"916_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1795","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2017-03-745349","volume":"130","author":"JR Byrnes","year":"2017","unstructured":"Byrnes JR, Wolberg AS (2017) Red blood cells in thrombosis. Blood 130:1795\u20131799","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"916_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2009.008417","volume":"95","author":"SK Braekkan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Braekkan SK, Mathiesen EB, Nj\u00f8lstad I et\u00a0al (2010) Hematocrit and risk of venous thromboembolism: the Troms\u00f8 study. Haematologica 95:270\u2013275","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"issue":"12","key":"916_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3360","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtha.2023.05.028","volume":"21","author":"T Iba","year":"2023","unstructured":"Iba T, Helms J, Neal MD, Levy JH (2023) Mechanisms and management of the coagulopathy of trauma and sepsis: trauma-induced coagulopathy, sepsis-induced coagulopathy, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. J Thromb Haemost 21(12):3360\u20133370","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"916_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000002394","volume":"126","author":"KT Forkin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Forkin KT, Colquhoun DA, Nemergut EC, Huffmyer JL (2018) Coagulation profile in end-stage liver disease. Anesth Analg 126:46\u201361","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"5","key":"916_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hch050","volume":"97","author":"J Kelly","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kelly J, Hunt BJ, Lewis RR et\u00a0al (2004) Dehydration and venous thromboembolism after acute stroke. QJM 97(5):293\u2013296","journal-title":"QJM"},{"issue":"3","key":"916_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2007.10.025","volume":"121","author":"NA Zakai","year":"2008","unstructured":"Zakai NA, Ohira T, White R, Folsom AR, Cushman M (2008) Activated partial thromboplastin time and risk of future venous thromboembolism. Am J Med 121(3):231\u2013238","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"916_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2006.06130.x","volume":"134","author":"C Legnani","year":"2006","unstructured":"Legnani C, Mattarozzi S, Cini M, Cosmi B, Favaretto E, Palareti G (2006) Abnormally short activated partial thromboplastin time and recurrent venous thromboembolism after anticoagulation withdrawal. Br J Haematol 134(2):227\u2013232","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"916_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1210\/endrev\/bnad010","volume":"44","author":"AM Warren","year":"2023","unstructured":"Warren AM, Grossmann M, Christ-Crain M, Russell N (2023) Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis. Endocr Rev 44:819\u2013861","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"}],"container-title":["Journal of Orthopaedics and Traumatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s10195-026-00916-8","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s10195-026-00916-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s10195-026-00916-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T18:03:06Z","timestamp":1778004186000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s10195-026-00916-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["916"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s10195-026-00916-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1590-9999"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1590-9999","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"7 December 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 March 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 March 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This retrospective study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the 3rd Hospital of Hebei Medical University and Baoding No.1 Central Hospital before data collection. Informed consent forms were not required from patients because this is a retrospective study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"There are no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"21"}}