{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]],"date-time":"2026-05-25T06:04:44Z","timestamp":1779689084819,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,24]],"date-time":"2026-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779580800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]],"date-time":"2026-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779667200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018778","name":"Al-Azhar University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018778","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Orthop Traumatol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Reconstruction of critical-sized long bone defects is a complex orthopedic challenge. Free fibular grafts, vascularized (FVFG) and nonvascularized (NVFG), are established reconstructive options, but comparative clinical outcomes remain uncertain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare clinical and radiological outcomes of FVFG and NVFG in patients with post-traumatic critical bone defects more than 10\u00a0cm.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 50 patients assigned equally to FVFG or NVFG groups. The primary outcome was time to union, while secondary outcomes included graft hypertrophy, functional scores (DASH and LEFS), complication rates, and donor site morbidity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The mean time to union was 5.78\u00a0months in the FVFG group and 6.17\u00a0months in the NVFG group, showing no statistically significant difference (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.447). Rates of graft hypertrophy, functional recovery, and complications were comparable between the groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Both FVFG and NVFG provide effective reconstruction for critical bone defects, with nearly similar healing times and functional outcomes. NVFG may represent a less complex alternative in selected cases.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>Level of evidence I.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s10195-026-00923-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,24]],"date-time":"2026-05-24T10:02:28Z","timestamp":1779616948000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Vascularized versus nonvascularized free fibular grafts in reconstruction of post-traumatic critical long bone defects, a comparative study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1860-5599","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amro A.","family":"Fouaad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdel-Hakiem","family":"Massoud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Shaban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahmoud","family":"Abdel-Naby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed I.","family":"Abulsoud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"923_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2011.06.011","volume":"42","author":"GM Calori","year":"2011","unstructured":"Calori GM, Mazza E, Colombo M, Ripamonti C (2011) The use of bone-graft substitutes in large bone defects: any specific needs? 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Research ortho.00003. Orthopedic department, Faculty of medicine, Al-Azhar university, Cairo, Egypt. Committee board. Committee Names: Professor Dr. Ahmed Abdel-Hamid Shamma, prof. Mohamed Mohamed Abdelrahman Byssar and prof. Ali Mohamed El-Geoushy). By Quality Education Assurance Unit, Al-Azhar Faculty of Medicione, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.\n                      \n                      . Consent for operation: All patient included in the study had consented and signed informed ethical approval before operations.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"All patients gave their consent for publishing and participating their personal data, photos, and clinical data. Consent for share photos: all patients agreed to share their images. Consent compliance: In compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki .","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"Amro A. Fouaad is an employee of AL-Azhar University Hospitals without any grants, or benefits and all personal data and materials are available in the excel sheet.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"24"}}