{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T02:24:09Z","timestamp":1787019849163,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":280,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781913600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781913600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Discover Nano"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s11671-026-04722-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T13:12:11Z","timestamp":1781961131000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Nanotechnology revolutionizing antimicrobial therapy for superbug infections"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Akmal","family":"Zubair","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Syeda Zaira","family":"Batool","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdullah M.","family":"Alkahtani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Yaqoob","family":"Shahani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naila","family":"Afghan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"4722_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.7326\/M23-1794","volume":"177","author":"R Mehrotra","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mehrotra R, et al. Effectiveness of existing insomnia therapies for patients undergoing hemodialysis: a randomized clinical trial. Ann Intern Med. 2024;177(2):177\u201388.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"4722_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100081","DOI":"10.1016\/j.glmedi.2024.100081","volume":"2","author":"SK Ahmed","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ahmed SK, et al. Antimicrobial resistance: Impacts, challenges, and future prospects. J Med Surg Public Health. 2024;2:100081.","journal-title":"J Med Surg Public Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"4722_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules23040795","volume":"23","author":"C Manyi-Loh","year":"2018","unstructured":"Manyi-Loh C, et al. Antibiotic use in agriculture and its consequential resistance in environmental sources: potential public health implications. Molecules. 2018;23(4):795.","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"issue":"2","key":"4722_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1007\/s12088-024-01384-6","volume":"65","author":"V Jhalora","year":"2025","unstructured":"Jhalora V, Bist R. A comprehensive review of molecular mechanisms leading to the emergence of multidrug resistance in bacteria. Indian J Microbiol. 2025;65(2):844\u201365.","journal-title":"Indian J Microbiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"4722_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.25122\/jml-2023-0404","volume":"17","author":"AP Baciu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Baciu AP, et al. The burden of antibiotic resistance of the main microorganisms causing infections in humans - review of the literature. J Med Life. 2024;17(3):246\u201360.","journal-title":"J Med Life"},{"issue":"5","key":"4722_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"pFso692","DOI":"10.2144\/fsoa-2020-0189","volume":"7","author":"LL Founou","year":"2021","unstructured":"Founou LL, Founou RC, Essack SY. Antimicrobial resistance in the farm-to-plate continuum: more than a food safety issue. Future Sci OA. 2021;7(5):pFso692.","journal-title":"Future Sci OA"},{"key":"4722_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1007\/s12668-019-00658-4","volume":"9","author":"A Abadi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Abadi A, et al. World health organization report: current crisis of antibiotic resistance. BioNanoSci. 2019;9:778\u201388.","journal-title":"BioNanoSci"},{"issue":"1","key":"4722_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1021\/acsinfecdis.3c00571","volume":"10","author":"J Haldar","year":"2024","unstructured":"Haldar J. Confronting the rising threat of antimicrobial resistance: a global health imperative. ACS Infect Dis. 2024;10(1):1\u20132.","journal-title":"ACS Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"4722_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9788","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-46078-y","volume":"9","author":"B Malik","year":"2019","unstructured":"Malik B, Bhattacharyya S. Antibiotic drug-resistance as a complex system driven by socio-economic growth and antibiotic misuse. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1):9788.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"20","key":"4722_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8268","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.7b00215","volume":"60","author":"D Schillaci","year":"2017","unstructured":"Schillaci D, et al. Pharmaceutical approaches to target antibiotic resistance mechanisms. J Med Chem. 2017;60(20):8268\u201397.","journal-title":"J Med Chem"},{"issue":"7","key":"4722_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-021-00534-7","volume":"19","author":"IL Brito","year":"2021","unstructured":"Brito IL. Examining horizontal gene transfer in microbial communities. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2021;19(7):442\u201353.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"4722_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2020.09.028","volume":"25","author":"N Farhat","year":"2020","unstructured":"Farhat N, et al. Efflux pumps as interventions to control infection caused by drug-resistance bacteria. Drug Discov Today. 2020;25(12):2307\u201316.","journal-title":"Drug Discov Today"},{"key":"4722_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2022.102237","volume":"71","author":"J Kaur","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kaur J, Nobile CJ. Antifungal drug-resistance mechanisms in Candida biofilms. Curr Opin Microbiol. 2023;71:102237.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Microbiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"4722_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.3390\/jof9100955","volume":"9","author":"Z Malinovsk\u00e1","year":"2023","unstructured":"Malinovsk\u00e1 Z, \u010conkov\u00e1 E, V\u00e1czi P. Biofilm formation in medically important Candida species. J Fungi (Basel). 2023;9(10):955.","journal-title":"J Fungi (Basel)"},{"issue":"11","key":"4722_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1615","DOI":"10.3390\/ph16111615","volume":"16","author":"G Muteeb","year":"2023","unstructured":"Muteeb G, et al. Origin of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance, and their impacts on drug development: a narrative review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2023;16(11):1615.","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals (Basel)"},{"issue":"5","key":"4722_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4037","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-020-05389-4","volume":"47","author":"B Chakravarty","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chakravarty B. Genetic mechanisms of antibiotic resistance and virulence in Acinetobacter baumannii: background, challenges and future prospects. Mol Biol Rep. 2020;47(5):4037\u201346.","journal-title":"Mol Biol Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"4722_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-021-00650-4","volume":"20","author":"BJ Arnold","year":"2022","unstructured":"Arnold BJ, Huang IT, Hanage WP. Horizontal gene transfer and adaptive evolution in bacteria. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2022;20(4):206\u201318.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"issue":"17","key":"4722_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2067","DOI":"10.1080\/14656566.2020.1802427","volume":"21","author":"M Bassetti","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bassetti M, Giacobbe DR. A look at the clinical, economic, and societal impact of antimicrobial resistance in 2020. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2020;21(17):2067\u201371.","journal-title":"Expert Opin Pharmacother"},{"key":"4722_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2021.106103","volume":"170","author":"T Pulingam","year":"2022","unstructured":"Pulingam T, et al. Antimicrobial resistance: Prevalence, economic burden, mechanisms of resistance and strategies to overcome. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2022;170:106103.","journal-title":"Eur J Pharm Sci"},{"key":"4722_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11387","DOI":"10.3389\/bjbs.2023.11387","volume":"80","author":"KWK Tang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tang KWK, Millar BC, Moore JE. Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR). Br J Biomed Sci. 2023;80:11387.","journal-title":"Br J Biomed Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"4722_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33690","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-18828-8","volume":"15","author":"A Zubair","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zubair A, et al. Integrative genomic and immunoinformatic approach for characterizing HIV-1 pol, vpr, and Nef genes and designing a multi-epitope vaccine. Sci Rep. 2025;15(1):33690.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"4722_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/s12977-025-00668-z","volume":"22","author":"A Zubair","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zubair A, et al. Unveiling the dynamics: understanding the current scenario and drivers of HIV epidemiology in Pakistan. Retrovirology. 2025;22(1):12.","journal-title":"Retrovirology"},{"issue":"6","key":"4722_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.70024","volume":"26","author":"A Zubair","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zubair A, et al. mRNA vaccines against HIV: Hopes and challenges. HIV Med. 2025;26(6):824\u201338.","journal-title":"HIV Med"},{"key":"4722_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zubair A, Ali M, Akhtar N. HIV-1 Nef Gene characterization and subtype analysis in Pakistan: a molecular docking approach with Mastoparan-L Peptide. International Journal of Peptide Research and Therapeutics. 2025;31(3): 46.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10989-025-10702-5"},{"issue":"3","key":"4722_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1007\/s11262-025-02149-z","volume":"61","author":"A Zubair","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zubair A, et al. Molecular characterization and drug resistance pattern in pol gene of HIV-1 sub-subtypes circulating in Lahore, Pakistan. Virus Genes. 2025;61(3):324\u201341.","journal-title":"Virus Genes"},{"issue":"1","key":"4722_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5352","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-32249-5","volume":"13","author":"NAR Gow","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gow NAR, et al. The importance of antimicrobial resistance in medical mycology. Nat Commun. 2022;13(1):5352.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"1","key":"4722_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-020-00847-x","volume":"9","author":"S Pokharel","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pokharel S, Shrestha P, Adhikari B. Antimicrobial use in food animals and human health: time to implement \u2018One Health\u2019 approach. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control. 2020;9(1):181.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Resist Infect Control"},{"issue":"2","key":"4722_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1038\/s41576-023-00649-y","volume":"25","author":"SP Djordjevic","year":"2024","unstructured":"Djordjevic SP, et al. Genomic surveillance for antimicrobial resistance - a One Health perspective. Nat Rev Genet. 2024;25(2):142\u201357.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Genet"},{"key":"4722_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2020.12.025","volume":"24","author":"LM Streicher","year":"2021","unstructured":"Streicher LM. Exploring the future of infectious disease treatment in a post-antibiotic era: A comparative review of alternative therapeutics. J Glob Antimicrob Resist. 2021;24:285\u201395.","journal-title":"J Glob Antimicrob Resist"},{"issue":"4","key":"4722_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-021-00866-8","volume":"16","author":"AR Kirtane","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kirtane AR, et al. Nanotechnology approaches for global infectious diseases. Nat Nanotechnol. 2021;16(4):369\u201384.","journal-title":"Nat Nanotechnol"},{"issue":"12","key":"4722_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1007\/s00284-022-03061-7","volume":"79","author":"A Parmanik","year":"2022","unstructured":"Parmanik A, et al. Current treatment strategies against multidrug-resistant bacteria: a review. Curr Microbiol. 2022;79(12):388.","journal-title":"Curr Microbiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"4722_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4018","DOI":"10.1039\/D1NR08157H","volume":"14","author":"PJ Weldick","year":"2022","unstructured":"Weldick PJ, et al. Emerging nanotechnologies for targeting antimicrobial resistance. Nanoscale. 2022;14(11):4018\u201341.","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"issue":"6","key":"4722_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1007\/s11274-021-03070-x","volume":"37","author":"IE Mba","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mba IE, Nweze EI. Nanoparticles as therapeutic options for treating multidrug-resistant bacteria: research progress, challenges, and prospects. World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2021;37(6):108.","journal-title":"World J Microbiol Biotechnol"},{"issue":"21","key":"4722_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8788","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.3c02192","volume":"35","author":"M Colilla","year":"2023","unstructured":"Colilla M, Vallet-Reg\u00ed M. Organically modified mesoporous silica nanoparticles against bacterial resistance. Chem Mater. 2023;35(21):8788\u2013805.","journal-title":"Chem Mater"},{"issue":"9","key":"4722_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3319","DOI":"10.1080\/10717544.2016.1177136","volume":"23","author":"C Zylberberg","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zylberberg C, Matosevic S. Pharmaceutical liposomal drug delivery: a review of new delivery systems and a look at the regulatory landscape. Drug Deliv. 2016;23(9):3319\u201329.","journal-title":"Drug Deliv"},{"key":"4722_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.mcb.2015.01.013","volume":"128","author":"J Lemi\u00e8re","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lemi\u00e8re J, Carvalho K, Sykes C. Cell-sized liposomes that mimic cell motility and the cell cortex. Methods Cell Biol. 2015;128:271\u201385.","journal-title":"Methods Cell Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4722_CR37","first-page":"37","volume":"49","author":"PN Shek","year":"1983","unstructured":"Shek PN, Yung BY, Stanacev NZ. Comparison between multilamellar and unilamellar liposomes in enhancing antibody formation. Immunology. 1983;49(1):37\u201344.","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"issue":"13","key":"4722_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-020-01359-z","volume":"80","author":"M Bassetti","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bassetti M, et al. Inhaled liposomal antimicrobial delivery in lung infections. Drugs. 2020;80(13):1309\u201318.","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"4722_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.acr.2017.11.003","volume":"137","author":"N Amreddy","year":"2018","unstructured":"Amreddy N, et al. Recent advances in nanoparticle-based cancer drug and gene delivery. Adv Cancer Res. 2018;137:115\u201370.","journal-title":"Adv Cancer Res"},{"issue":"16","key":"4722_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3760","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25163760","volume":"25","author":"A S\u00e1nchez","year":"2020","unstructured":"S\u00e1nchez A, Mej\u00eda SP, Orozco J. Recent advances in polymeric nanoparticle-encapsulated drugs against intracellular infections. Molecules. 2020;25(16):3760.","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"issue":"14","key":"4722_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2402","DOI":"10.3390\/nano12142402","volume":"12","author":"T Ameh","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ameh T, et al. Silver and copper nanoparticles induce oxidative stress in bacteria and mammalian cells. Nanomaterials (Basel). 2022;12(14):2402.","journal-title":"Nanomaterials (Basel)"},{"issue":"8","key":"4722_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2489","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27082489","volume":"27","author":"R Krishnamoorthy","year":"2022","unstructured":"Krishnamoorthy R, et al. Antibacterial mechanisms of zinc oxide nanoparticle against bacterial food pathogens resistant to Beta-Lactam antibiotics. Molecules. 2022;27(8):2489.","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"issue":"4","key":"4722_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1364","DOI":"10.3390\/s22041364","volume":"22","author":"A Zafar","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zafar A, et al. Development and optimization of hybrid polymeric nanoparticles of apigenin: physicochemical characterization, antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity evaluation. Sens (Basel). 2022;22(4):1364.","journal-title":"Sens (Basel)"},{"key":"4722_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2022.09.052","volume":"351","author":"E Elhassan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Elhassan E, et al. Engineering hybrid nanosystems for efficient and targeted delivery against bacterial infections. J Control Release. 2022;351:598\u2013622.","journal-title":"J Control Release"},{"issue":"4","key":"4722_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1334","DOI":"10.1039\/C6NR08486A","volume":"9","author":"RX Zhang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhang RX, et al. Design of nanocarriers for nanoscale drug delivery to enhance cancer treatment using hybrid polymer and lipid building blocks. Nanoscale. 2017;9(4):1334\u201355.","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"issue":"14","key":"4722_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2105223","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202105223","volume":"9","author":"X He","year":"2022","unstructured":"He X, et al. A Vehicle-free antimicrobial polymer hybrid gold nanoparticle as synergistically therapeutic platforms for staphylococcus aureus infected wound healing. Adv Sci (Weinh). 2022;9(14):e2105223.","journal-title":"Adv Sci (Weinh)"},{"key":"4722_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.225","volume":"210","author":"H Jia","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jia H, et al. Silver nanoparticles anchored magnetic self-assembled carboxymethyl cellulose-\u03b5-polylysine hybrids with synergetic antibacterial activity for wound infection therapy. Int J Biol Macromol. 2022;210:703\u201315.","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4722_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1002\/cmdc.202000677","volume":"16","author":"S Cascioferro","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cascioferro S, et al. Therapeutic strategies to counteract antibiotic resistance in MRSA biofilm-associated infections. ChemMedChem. 2021;16(1):65\u201380.","journal-title":"ChemMedChem"},{"issue":"1","key":"4722_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-020-0420-1","volume":"19","author":"JMV Makabenta","year":"2021","unstructured":"Makabenta JMV, et al. Nanomaterial-based therapeutics for antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2021;19(1):23\u201336.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"4722_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2333","volume":"8","author":"MA Kohanski","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kohanski MA, Dwyer DJ, Collins JJ. How antibiotics kill bacteria: from targets to networks. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2010;8(6):423\u201335.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"4722_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"687660","DOI":"10.3389\/fchem.2021.687660","volume":"9","author":"MM Mamun","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mamun MM, et al. Nanoantibiotics: functions and properties at the nanoscale to combat antibiotic resistance. Front Chem. 2021;9:687660.","journal-title":"Front Chem"},{"key":"4722_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.3389\/fchem.2020.00286","volume":"8","author":"YC Yeh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yeh YC, et al. Nano-based drug delivery or targeting to eradicate bacteria for infection mitigation: a review of recent advances. Front Chem. 2020;8:286.","journal-title":"Front Chem"},{"issue":"7","key":"4722_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nano.2017.06.015","volume":"13","author":"S Zaidi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zaidi S, Misba L, Khan AU. Nano-therapeutics: A revolution in infection control in post antibiotic era. Nanomedicine. 2017;13(7):2281\u2013301.","journal-title":"Nanomedicine"},{"issue":"51","key":"4722_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21872","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0911674106","volume":"106","author":"HS Chung","year":"2009","unstructured":"Chung HS, et al. Rapid beta-lactam-induced lysis requires successful assembly of the cell division machinery. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009;106(51):21872\u20137.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"3","key":"4722_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1839","volume":"6","author":"YM Zhang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Zhang YM, Rock CO. Membrane lipid homeostasis in bacteria. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2008;6(3):222\u201333.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"issue":"35","key":"4722_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12349","DOI":"10.1021\/ja1028843","volume":"132","author":"Y Zhao","year":"2010","unstructured":"Zhao Y, et al. Small molecule-capped gold nanoparticles as potent antibacterial agents that target Gram-negative bacteria. J Am Chem Soc. 2010;132(35):12349\u201356.","journal-title":"J Am Chem Soc"},{"issue":"7","key":"4722_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2011.11.057","volume":"33","author":"Y Cui","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cui Y, et al. The molecular mechanism of action of bactericidal gold nanoparticles on Escherichia coli. Biomaterials. 2012;33(7):2327\u201333.","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"issue":"6","key":"4722_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro3028","volume":"11","author":"JA Lemire","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lemire JA, Harrison JJ, Turner RJ. Antimicrobial activity of metals: mechanisms, molecular targets and applications. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2013;11(6):371\u201384.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"issue":"16","key":"4722_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13317","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.8b00181","volume":"10","author":"D Kim","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kim D, et al. Selective killing of pathogenic bacteria by antimicrobial silver nanoparticle-cell wall binding domain conjugates. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2018;10(16):13317\u201324.","journal-title":"ACS Appl Mater Interfaces"},{"issue":"4","key":"4722_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1039\/C7ME00048K","volume":"2","author":"R Jijie","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jijie R, et al. Advancements on the molecular design of nanoantibiotics: current level of development and future challenges. Mol Syst Des Eng. 2017;2(4):349\u201369.","journal-title":"Mol Syst Des Eng"},{"issue":"10","key":"4722_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1902913","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.201902913","volume":"7","author":"S Cheeseman","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cheeseman S, et al. Antimicrobial metal nanomaterials: from passive to stimuli-activated applications. Adv Sci (Weinh). 2020;7(10):1902913.","journal-title":"Adv Sci (Weinh)"},{"issue":"1","key":"4722_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1515\/ntrev-2022-0059","volume":"11","author":"L Hochvaldov\u00e1","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hochvaldov\u00e1 L, et al. Antibacterial nanomaterials: Upcoming hope to overcome antibiotic resistance crisis. Nanatechnol Reviews. 2022;11(1):1115\u201342.","journal-title":"Nanatechnol Reviews"},{"issue":"2","key":"4722_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1039\/C7CS00748E","volume":"48","author":"A Gupta","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gupta A, et al. Combatting antibiotic-resistant bacteria using nanomaterials. Chem Soc Rev. 2019;48(2):415\u201327.","journal-title":"Chem Soc Rev"},{"issue":"13\u201314","key":"4722_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1803","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2013.07.011","volume":"65","author":"RY Pelgrift","year":"2013","unstructured":"Pelgrift RY, Friedman AJ. Nanotechnology as a therapeutic tool to combat microbial resistance. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2013;65(13\u201314):1803\u201315.","journal-title":"Adv Drug Deliv Rev"},{"key":"4722_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphotobiol.2019.03.021","volume":"194","author":"L Muthukrishnan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Muthukrishnan L, Chellappa M, Nanda A. Bio-engineering and cellular imaging of silver nanoparticles as weaponry against multidrug resistant human pathogens. J Photochem Photobiol B. 2019;194:119\u201327.","journal-title":"J Photochem Photobiol B"},{"key":"4722_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S121956","volume":"12","author":"L Wang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wang L, Hu C, Shao L. The antimicrobial activity of nanoparticles: present situation and prospects for the future. Int J Nanomed. 2017;12:1227\u201349.","journal-title":"Int J Nanomed"},{"issue":"1","key":"4722_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-017-0308-z","volume":"15","author":"YN Slavin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Slavin YN, et al. Metal nanoparticles: understanding the mechanisms behind antibacterial activity. J Nanobiotechnol. 2017;15(1):65.","journal-title":"J Nanobiotechnol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4722_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1007\/s00289-005-0414-1","volume":"55","author":"X Wang","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wang X, et al. Chitosan-metal complexes as antimicrobial agent: Synthesis, characterization and Structure-activity study. Polym Bull. 2005;55(1):105\u201313.","journal-title":"Polym Bull"},{"issue":"10","key":"4722_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics14100960","volume":"14","author":"MHdM Santos","year":"2025","unstructured":"Santos MHdM, et al. Silver nanoparticle\u2013antibiotic combinations: a strategy to overcome bacterial resistance in escherichia coli, salmonella enteritidis and staphylococcus aureus. Antibiotics. 2025;14(10):960.","journal-title":"Antibiotics"},{"key":"4722_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1135579","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1135579","volume":"14","author":"SK Modi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Modi SK, et al. Mechanistic insights into nanoparticle surface-bacterial membrane interactions in overcoming antibiotic resistance. Front Microbiol. 2023;14:1135579.","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"4722_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1093\/femsre\/fux003","volume":"41","author":"M Natan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Natan M, Banin E. From Nano to Micro: using nanotechnology to combat microorganisms and their multidrug resistance. FEMS Microbiol Rev. 2017;41(3):302\u201322.","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Rev"},{"issue":"8","key":"4722_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1080\/10715760802350904","volume":"42","author":"I Fenoglio","year":"2008","unstructured":"Fenoglio I, et al. The oxidation of glutathione by cobalt\/tungsten carbide contributes to hard metal-induced oxidative stress. Free Radic Res. 2008;42(8):437\u2013745.","journal-title":"Free Radic Res"},{"key":"4722_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2016.08.007","volume":"36","author":"MA Quinteros","year":"2016","unstructured":"Quinteros MA, et al. Oxidative stress generation of silver nanoparticles in three bacterial genera and its relationship with the antimicrobial activity. Toxicol Vitro. 2016;36:216\u201323.","journal-title":"Toxicol Vitro"},{"key":"4722_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hailan, W.A., et al., Reactive oxygen species-mediated cytotoxicity in liver carcinoma cells induced by silver nanoparticles biosynthesized using schinus molle extract. Nanomaterials (Basel), 2022;12(1).","DOI":"10.3390\/nano12010161"},{"issue":"2","key":"4722_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1007\/s11274-021-03187-z","volume":"38","author":"S Banerjee","year":"2022","unstructured":"Banerjee S, et al. Oxidative stress, DNA, and membranes targets as modes of antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of facile synthesized biocompatible keratin-copper nanoparticles against multidrug resistant uro-pathogens. World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2022;38(2):20.","journal-title":"World J Microbiol Biotechnol"},{"issue":"4","key":"4722_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.3390\/nano6040071","volume":"6","author":"S Shamaila","year":"2016","unstructured":"Shamaila S, et al. Gold Nanoparticles: An efficient antimicrobial agent against enteric bacterial human pathogen. Nanomaterials (Basel). 2016;6(4):71.","journal-title":"Nanomaterials (Basel)"},{"issue":"13","key":"4722_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135101","DOI":"10.1088\/0957-4484\/25\/13\/135101","volume":"25","author":"AK Chatterjee","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chatterjee AK, Chakraborty R, Basu T. Mechanism of antibacterial activity of copper nanoparticles. Nanotechnology. 2014;25(13):135101.","journal-title":"Nanotechnology"},{"issue":"5","key":"4722_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-842X(01)02012-1","volume":"9","author":"IW Sutherland","year":"2001","unstructured":"Sutherland IW. The biofilm matrix\u2013an immobilized but dynamic microbial environment. Trends Microbiol. 2001;9(5):222\u20137.","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol"},{"issue":"13","key":"4722_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2183","DOI":"10.3390\/nano12132183","volume":"12","author":"B Hosnedlova","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hosnedlova B, et al. Effect of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles on bacterial biofilm changes in S. aureus and E. coli. Nanomaterials. 2022;12(13):2183.","journal-title":"Nanomaterials"},{"issue":"8","key":"4722_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2768","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.06513-11","volume":"78","author":"AN Brown","year":"2012","unstructured":"Brown AN, et al. Nanoparticles functionalized with ampicillin destroy multiple-antibiotic-resistant isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter aerogenes and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2012;78(8):2768\u201374.","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"4722_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1590","DOI":"10.1021\/acsinfecdis.9b00134","volume":"5","author":"CH Li","year":"2019","unstructured":"Li CH, et al. Phytochemical-based nanocomposites for the treatment of bacterial biofilms. ACS Infect Dis. 2019;5(9):1590\u20136.","journal-title":"ACS Infect Dis"},{"key":"4722_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S234425","volume":"13","author":"UH Abo-Shama","year":"2020","unstructured":"Abo-Shama UH, et al. Synergistic and antagonistic effects of metal nanoparticles in combination with antibiotics against some reference strains of pathogenic microorganisms. Infect Drug Resist. 2020;13:351\u201362.","journal-title":"Infect Drug Resist"},{"key":"4722_CR83","volume-title":"Drug targeting and stimuli sensitive drug delivery systems","author":"S Bera","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bera S, Mondal D. Drug targeting and stimuli sensitive drug delivery systems. Norwich, NY, USA: William Andrew Publishing. 2018."},{"key":"4722_CR84","first-page":"4053","volume":"7","author":"SM Abdelghany","year":"2012","unstructured":"Abdelghany SM, et al. Gentamicin-loaded nanoparticles show improved antimicrobial effects towards Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. Int J Nanomed. 2012;7:4053\u201363.","journal-title":"Int J Nanomed"},{"key":"4722_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li P et al. Synergistic antibacterial effects of\u03b2-lactam antibiotic combined with silver nanoparticles. Nanotechnology. 2005;16(9):1912.","DOI":"10.1088\/0957-4484\/16\/9\/082"},{"issue":"1","key":"4722_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1042\/BA20090198","volume":"55","author":"M Chamundeeswari","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chamundeeswari M, et al. Preparation, characterization and evaluation of a biopolymeric gold nanocomposite with antimicrobial activity. Biotechnol Appl Biochem. 2010;55(1):29\u201335.","journal-title":"Biotechnol Appl Biochem"},{"key":"4722_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hazime N et al. Enhancing colistin activity against colistin-resistant escherichia coli through combination with alginate nanoparticles and small molecules. Pharmaceuticals (Basel), 2022;15(6).","DOI":"10.3390\/ph15060682"},{"issue":"1","key":"4722_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2004.02.012","volume":"275","author":"I Sondi","year":"2004","unstructured":"Sondi I, Salopek-Sondi B. Silver nanoparticles as antimicrobial agent: a case study on E. coli as a model for Gram-negative bacteria. J Colloid Interface Sci. 2004;275(1):177\u201382.","journal-title":"J Colloid Interface Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"4722_CR89","first-page":"1547","volume":"105","author":"NL Rosi","year":"2005","unstructured":"Rosi NL, Mirkin CA. Nanostructures biodiagnostics Chem Rev. 2005;105(4):1547\u201362.","journal-title":"Nanostructures biodiagnostics Chem Rev"},{"key":"4722_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.01153","volume":"10","author":"N-Y Lee","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lee N-Y, Ko W-C, Hsueh P-R. Nanoparticles in the treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms. Front Pharmacol. 2019;10:1153.","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"issue":"7","key":"4722_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat2442","volume":"8","author":"AE Nel","year":"2009","unstructured":"Nel AE, et al. Understanding biophysicochemical interactions at the nano\u2013bio interface. Nat Mater. 2009;8(7):543\u201357.","journal-title":"Nat Mater"},{"issue":"4","key":"4722_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.2174\/1389200216666150812124923","volume":"16","author":"IA Aljuffali","year":"2015","unstructured":"Aljuffali IA, Huang CH, Fang JY. Nanomedical strategies for targeting skin microbiomes. Curr Drug Metab. 2015;16(4):255\u201371.","journal-title":"Curr Drug Metab"},{"issue":"10","key":"4722_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2346","DOI":"10.1088\/0957-4484\/16\/10\/059","volume":"16","author":"JR Morones","year":"2005","unstructured":"Morones JR, et al. The bactericidal effect of silver nanoparticles. Nanotechnology. 2005;16(10):2346\u201353.","journal-title":"Nanotechnology"},{"issue":"6","key":"4722_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.2217\/nnm.16.5","volume":"11","author":"N Hoshyar","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hoshyar N, et al. The effect of nanoparticle size on in vivo pharmacokinetics and cellular interaction. Nanomed (Lond). 2016;11(6):673\u201392.","journal-title":"Nanomed (Lond)"},{"issue":"9","key":"4722_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5610","DOI":"10.1021\/cr100440g","volume":"111","author":"M Mahmoudi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mahmoudi M, et al. Protein-nanoparticle interactions: opportunities and challenges. Chem Rev. 2011;111(9):5610\u201337.","journal-title":"Chem Rev"},{"key":"4722_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2016.01.008","volume":"224","author":"H Zazo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zazo H, Colino CI, Lanao JM. Current applications of nanoparticles in infectious diseases. J Control Release. 2016;224:86\u2013102.","journal-title":"J Control Release"},{"key":"4722_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Daima HK, Bansal V. Influence of physicochemical properties of nanomaterials on their antibacterial applications. Nanotechnology in diagnosis, treatment and prophylaxis of infectious diseases. Elsevier; 2015. pp. 151\u201366.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-801317-5.00010-4"},{"issue":"3","key":"4722_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2672.2000.01127.x","volume":"89","author":"T Hamouda","year":"2000","unstructured":"Hamouda T, Baker JR Jr. Antimicrobial mechanism of action of surfactant lipid preparations in enteric Gram-negative bacilli. J Appl Microbiol. 2000;89(3):397\u2013403.","journal-title":"J Appl Microbiol"},{"issue":"31","key":"4722_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4261","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201104891","volume":"24","author":"JG Railsback","year":"2012","unstructured":"Railsback JG, et al. Weakly charged cationic nanoparticles induce DNA bending and strand separation. Adv Mater. 2012;24(31):4261\u20135.","journal-title":"Adv Mater"},{"issue":"5","key":"4722_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.2012.05253.x","volume":"112","author":"MK Rai","year":"2012","unstructured":"Rai MK, et al. Silver nanoparticles: the powerful nanoweapon against multidrug-resistant bacteria. J Appl Microbiol. 2012;112(5):841\u201352.","journal-title":"J Appl Microbiol"},{"key":"4722_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arya G, et al. Antimicrobial silver nanoparticles: future of nanomaterials. Microbial Nanobionics: Volume 2, Basic Research and Applications. Springer; 2019. pp. 89\u2013119.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-16534-5_6"},{"issue":"2169","key":"4722_CR102","first-page":"2169","volume":"4","author":"S Singh","year":"2015","unstructured":"Singh S, et al. Comparative study on antimicrobial efficiency of AgSiO2, ZnAg, and Ag-Zeolite for the application of fishery plastic container. J Mater Sci Eng. 2015;4(2169):2169\u20130022.","journal-title":"J Mater Sci Eng"},{"issue":"1","key":"4722_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.3654","volume":"39","author":"LZ Flores-L\u00f3pez","year":"2019","unstructured":"Flores-L\u00f3pez LZ, Espinoza-G\u00f3mez H, Somanathan R. Silver nanoparticles: Electron transfer, reactive oxygen species, oxidative stress, beneficial and toxicological effects. Mini review. J Appl Toxicol. 2019;39(1):16\u201326.","journal-title":"J Appl Toxicol"},{"issue":"2","key":"4722_CR104","first-page":"311","volume":"3","author":"L Maurer","year":"2016","unstructured":"Maurer L, Meyer J. A systematic review of evidence for silver nanoparticle-induced mitochondrial toxicity. Environ Science: Nano. 2016;3(2):311\u201322.","journal-title":"Environ Science: Nano"},{"issue":"1","key":"4722_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1080\/17458080.2010.547878","volume":"1","author":"MI Sriram","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sriram MI, et al. Size-based cytotoxicity of silver nanoparticles in bovine retinal endothelial cells. Nanosci Methods. 2012;1(1):56\u201377.","journal-title":"Nanosci Methods"},{"issue":"2","key":"4722_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1700493","DOI":"10.1002\/adem.201700493","volume":"20","author":"A Abuayyash","year":"2018","unstructured":"Abuayyash A, et al. Antibacterial efficacy of sacrifical anode thin films combining silver with platinum group elements within a bacteria-containing human plasma clot. Adv Eng Mater. 2018;20(2):1700493.","journal-title":"Adv Eng Mater"},{"key":"4722_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2014.03.037","volume":"40","author":"LA Tamayo","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tamayo LA, et al. Release of silver and copper nanoparticles from polyethylene nanocomposites and their penetration into Listeria monocytogenes. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2014;40:24\u201331.","journal-title":"Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl"},{"issue":"1","key":"4722_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16160","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-52673-w","volume":"9","author":"C Labay","year":"2019","unstructured":"Labay C, et al. Production of reactive species in alginate hydrogels for cold atmospheric plasma-based therapies. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1):16160.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"2","key":"4722_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.3390\/nano11020312","volume":"11","author":"M Okkeh","year":"2021","unstructured":"Okkeh M, et al. Gold nanoparticles: can they be the next magic bullet for multidrug-resistant bacteria? Nanomaterials. 2021;11(2):312.","journal-title":"Nanomaterials"},{"issue":"7","key":"4722_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.3923\/ijp.2017.832.845","volume":"13","author":"M Bilal","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bilal M, et al. Silver nanoparticles: biosynthesis and antimicrobial potentialities. Int J Pharmacol. 2017;13(7):832\u201345.","journal-title":"Int J Pharmacol"},{"issue":"6","key":"4722_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1111\/lam.13082","volume":"67","author":"C Tao","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tao C. Antimicrobial activity and toxicity of gold nanoparticles: research progress, challenges and prospects. Lett Appl Microbiol. 2018;67(6):537\u201343.","journal-title":"Lett Appl Microbiol"},{"key":"4722_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S3029","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arabjc.2013.11.044","volume":"10","author":"N Abdel-Raouf","year":"2017","unstructured":"Abdel-Raouf N, Al-Enazi NM, Ibraheem IB. Green biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles using Galaxaura elongata and characterization of their antibacterial activity. Arab J Chem. 2017;10:S3029\u201339.","journal-title":"Arab J Chem"},{"issue":"5","key":"4722_CR113","first-page":"1","volume":"4","author":"S Kundu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kundu S. Gold nanoparticles: their application as antimicrobial agents and vehicles of gene delivery. Adv Biotechnol Microbiol. 2017;4(5):1\u20134.","journal-title":"Adv Biotechnol Microbiol"},{"key":"4722_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3347","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S109795","volume":"11","author":"N Rattanata","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rattanata N, et al. Gallic acid conjugated with gold nanoparticles: antibacterial activity and mechanism of action on foodborne pathogens. Int J Nanomed. 2016;11:3347\u201356.","journal-title":"Int J Nanomed"},{"key":"4722_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Halawani EMS, Alzahrani SSS, Gad El-Rab SMF. Biosynthesis Strategy of Gold Nanoparticles and Biofabrication of a Novel Amoxicillin Gold Nanodrug to Overcome the Resistance of Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Pathogens MRSA and E. coli. Biomimetics (Basel).2023;8(6).","DOI":"10.3390\/biomimetics8060452"},{"issue":"45","key":"4722_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50507","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.2c13317","volume":"14","author":"J Cao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cao J, et al. Bacteria-adhesive nitric oxide-releasing graphene oxide nanoparticles for MRPA-infected wound healing therapy. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2022;14(45):50507\u201319.","journal-title":"ACS Appl Mater Interfaces"},{"issue":"12","key":"4722_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2818","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI119473","volume":"99","author":"FC Fang","year":"1997","unstructured":"Fang FC. Perspectives series: host\/pathogen interactions. Mechanisms of nitric oxide-related antimicrobial activity. J Clin Invest. 1997;99(12):2818\u201325.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"42","key":"4722_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26066","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)47160-8","volume":"269","author":"H Rubbo","year":"1994","unstructured":"Rubbo H, et al. Nitric oxide regulation of superoxide and peroxynitrite-dependent lipid peroxidation. Formation of novel nitrogen-containing oxidized lipid derivatives. J Biol Chem. 1994;269(42):26066\u201375.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"5","key":"4722_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1405","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2009.01.025","volume":"5","author":"SM Deupree","year":"2009","unstructured":"Deupree SM, Schoenfisch MH. Morphological analysis of the antimicrobial action of nitric oxide on gram-negative pathogens using atomic force microscopy. Acta Biomater. 2009;5(5):1405\u201315.","journal-title":"Acta Biomater"},{"key":"4722_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rong F et al. Nitric oxide-releasing polymeric materials for antimicrobial applications: a review. Antioxid (Basel). 2019;8(11).","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox8110556"},{"issue":"16","key":"4722_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10162","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)99204-5","volume":"266","author":"JC Drapier","year":"1991","unstructured":"Drapier JC, Pellat C, Henry Y. Generation of EPR-detectable nitrosyl-iron complexes in tumor target cells cocultured with activated macrophages. J Biol Chem. 1991;266(16):10162\u20137.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"3","key":"4722_CR122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/15.3.443","volume":"15","author":"F Laval","year":"1994","unstructured":"Laval F, Wink DA. Inhibition by nitric oxide of the repair protein, O6-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase. Carcinogenesis. 1994;15(3):443\u20137.","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"issue":"3","key":"4722_CR123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1007\/s12038-012-9218-2","volume":"37","author":"NR Jena","year":"2012","unstructured":"Jena NR. DNA damage by reactive species: Mechanisms, mutation and repair. J Biosci. 2012;37(3):503\u201317.","journal-title":"J Biosci"},{"key":"4722_CR124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fang FC. Antimicrobial actions of reactive oxygen species. mBio.2011;2(5).","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00141-11"},{"issue":"10","key":"4722_CR125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2335","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2009.149","volume":"129","author":"RB Weller","year":"2009","unstructured":"Weller RB. Nitric oxide-containing nanoparticles as an antimicrobial agent and enhancer of wound healing. J Invest Dermatol. 2009;129(10):2335\u20137.","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"4722_CR126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.4161\/viru.1.2.10038","volume":"1","author":"MR Mihu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mihu MR, et al. The use of nitric oxide releasing nanoparticles as a treatment against Acinetobacter baumannii in wound infections. Virulence. 2010;1(2):62\u20137.","journal-title":"Virulence"},{"issue":"3","key":"4722_CR127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.4161\/viru.2.3.16161","volume":"2","author":"A Friedman","year":"2011","unstructured":"Friedman A, et al. Susceptibility of Gram-positive and -negative bacteria to novel nitric oxide-releasing nanoparticle technology. Virulence. 2011;2(3):217\u201321.","journal-title":"Virulence"},{"issue":"17","key":"4722_CR128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12899","DOI":"10.1039\/C4RA15382K","volume":"5","author":"LR Christena","year":"2015","unstructured":"Christena LR, et al. Copper nanoparticles as an efflux pump inhibitor to tackle drug resistant bacteria. RSC Adv. 2015;5(17):12899\u2013909.","journal-title":"RSC Adv"},{"issue":"3","key":"4722_CR129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1007\/s10876-016-1101-0","volume":"28","author":"AI El-Batal","year":"2017","unstructured":"El-Batal AI, et al. Response surface methodology optimization of melanin production by Streptomyces cyaneus and synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles using gamma radiation. J Cluster Sci. 2017;28(3):1083\u2013112.","journal-title":"J Cluster Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"4722_CR130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1515\/gps-2019-0025","volume":"8","author":"M Asemani","year":"2019","unstructured":"Asemani M, Anarjan N. Green synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles using Juglans regia leaf extract and assessment of their physico-chemical and biological properties. Green Process Synthesis. 2019;8(1):557\u201367.","journal-title":"Green Process Synthesis"},{"key":"4722_CR131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matlet.2014.04.106","volume":"128","author":"U Bogdanovi\u0107","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bogdanovi\u0107 U, et al. Copper nanoparticles with high antimicrobial activity. Mater Lett. 2014;128:75\u20138.","journal-title":"Mater Lett"},{"issue":"1","key":"4722_CR132","first-page":"1064918","volume":"2017","author":"I DeAlba-Montero","year":"2017","unstructured":"DeAlba-Montero I, et al. Antimicrobial properties of copper nanoparticles and amino acid chelated copper nanoparticles produced by using a soya extract. Bioinorg Chem Appl. 2017;2017(1):1064918.","journal-title":"Bioinorg Chem Appl"},{"key":"4722_CR133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Badetti E et al. Interaction between copper oxide nanoparticles and amino acids: influence on the antibacterial activity. Nanomaterials (Basel). 2019;9(5).","DOI":"10.3390\/nano9050792"},{"key":"4722_CR134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mssp.2014.12.053","volume":"32","author":"T Bhuyan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bhuyan T, et al. Biosynthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles from Azadirachta indica for antibacterial and photocatalytic applications. Mater Sci Semiconduct Process. 2015;32:55\u201361.","journal-title":"Mater Sci Semiconduct Process"},{"issue":"21","key":"4722_CR135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19255","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.9b02615","volume":"4","author":"P Pranjali","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pranjali P, et al. Physicochemical and antibacterial properties of PEGylated zinc oxide nanoparticles dispersed in peritoneal dialysis fluid. ACS Omega. 2019;4(21):19255\u201364.","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"issue":"5","key":"4722_CR136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1977","DOI":"10.1021\/es102624t","volume":"45","author":"M Li","year":"2011","unstructured":"Li M, Zhu L, Lin D. Toxicity of ZnO nanoparticles to Escherichia coli: mechanism and the influence of medium components. Environ Sci Technol. 2011;45(5):1977\u201383.","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"issue":"10","key":"4722_CR137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1872","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2011.08.025","volume":"51","author":"A Kumar","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kumar A, et al. Engineered ZnO and TiO(2) nanoparticles induce oxidative stress and DNA damage leading to reduced viability of Escherichia coli. Free Radic Biol Med. 2011;51(10):1872\u201381.","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"4722_CR138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1007\/s13205-020-2054-4","volume":"10","author":"R Singh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Singh R, Cheng S, Singh S. Oxidative stress-mediated genotoxic effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles on Deinococcus radiodurans. 3 Biotech. 2020;10(2):66.","journal-title":"3 Biotech"},{"issue":"7","key":"4722_CR139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2018.0304","volume":"25","author":"A Nejabatdoust","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nejabatdoust A, Zamani H, Salehzadeh A. Functionalization of ZnO nanoparticles by glutamic acid and conjugation with thiosemicarbazide alters expression of efflux pump genes in multiple drug-resistant staphylococcus aureus strains. Microb Drug Resist. 2019;25(7):966\u201374.","journal-title":"Microb Drug Resist"},{"issue":"6","key":"4722_CR140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1080\/21691401.2017.1362417","volume":"46","author":"H Singh","year":"2018","unstructured":"Singh H, et al. Ecofriendly synthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles by Euphrasia officinalis leaf extract and its biomedical applications. Artif cells Nanomed Biotechnol. 2018;46(6):1163\u201370.","journal-title":"Artif cells Nanomed Biotechnol"},{"issue":"6","key":"4722_CR141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1847","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-011-3213-7","volume":"90","author":"HA Foster","year":"2011","unstructured":"Foster HA, et al. Photocatalytic disinfection using titanium dioxide: spectrum and mechanism of antimicrobial activity. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2011;90(6):1847\u201368.","journal-title":"Appl Microbiol Biotechnol"},{"issue":"18","key":"4722_CR142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6992","DOI":"10.1021\/es101343c","volume":"44","author":"P Wu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wu P, et al. Visible-light-induced bactericidal activity of titanium dioxide codoped with nitrogen and silver. Environ Sci Technol. 2010;44(18):6992\u20137.","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"issue":"2","key":"4722_CR143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2010.02.024","volume":"78","author":"P Liu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Liu P, et al. The damage of outer membrane of Escherichia coli in the presence of TiO2 combined with UV light. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2010;78(2):171\u20136.","journal-title":"Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces"},{"issue":"9","key":"4722_CR144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1007\/s11051-012-1063-6","volume":"14","author":"K Krishnamoorthy","year":"2012","unstructured":"Krishnamoorthy K, et al. Antibacterial activity of MgO nanoparticles based on lipid peroxidation by oxygen vacancy. J Nanopart Res. 2012;14(9):1063.","journal-title":"J Nanopart Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"4722_CR145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-016-0202-0","volume":"14","author":"Y He","year":"2016","unstructured":"He Y, et al. Study on the mechanism of antibacterial action of magnesium oxide nanoparticles against foodborne pathogens. J Nanobiotechnol. 2016;14(1):54.","journal-title":"J Nanobiotechnol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4722_CR146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16260","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-34567-5","volume":"8","author":"NT Nguyen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Nguyen NT, et al. Antimicrobial activities and mechanisms of magnesium oxide nanoparticles (nMgO) against pathogenic bacteria, yeasts, and biofilms. Sci Rep. 2018;8(1):16260.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"4722_CR147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2230","DOI":"10.1080\/21691401.2019.1622552","volume":"47","author":"SO Ogunyemi","year":"2019","unstructured":"SO Ogunyemi, et al. Biosynthesis and characterization of magnesium oxide and manganese dioxide nanoparticles using Matricaria chamomilla L. extract and its inhibitory effect on Acidovorax oryzae strain RS-2. Artif cells Nanomed Biotechnol. 2019;47(1):2230\u20139.","journal-title":"Artif cells Nanomed Biotechnol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4722_CR148","first-page":"347","volume":"4","author":"M Amiri","year":"2017","unstructured":"Amiri M, et al. Antimicrobial effect of copper oxide nanoparticles on some oral bacteria and candida species. J Dent Biomater. 2017;4(1):347\u201352.","journal-title":"J Dent Biomater"},{"issue":"1","key":"4722_CR149","first-page":"7459042","volume":"2020","author":"MG Demissie","year":"2020","unstructured":"Demissie MG, et al. Synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using leaf extract of lippia adoensis (koseret) and evaluation of its antibacterial activity. J Chem. 2020;2020(1):7459042.","journal-title":"J Chem"},{"issue":"1","key":"4722_CR150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1080\/21691401.2020.1817053","volume":"48","author":"S Wu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wu S, et al. Green synthesis of copper nanoparticles using Cissus vitiginea and its antioxidant and antibacterial activity against urinary tract infection pathogens. Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol. 2020;48(1):1153\u20138.","journal-title":"Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol"},{"key":"4722_CR151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103425","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2019.103425","volume":"94","author":"MA Ebrahimzadeh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ebrahimzadeh MA, et al. Green and facile synthesis of Ag nanoparticles using Crataegus pentagyna fruit extract (CP-AgNPs) for organic pollution dyes degradation and antibacterial application. Bioorg Chem. 2020;94:103425.","journal-title":"Bioorg Chem"},{"issue":"11","key":"4722_CR152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e08459","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e08459","volume":"7","author":"WW Melkamu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Melkamu WW, Bitew LT. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Hagenia abyssinica (Bruce) J.F. Gmel plant leaf extract and their antibacterial and anti-oxidant activities. Heliyon. 2021;7(11):e08459.","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"4722_CR153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6218","DOI":"10.33263\/BRIAC105.62186225","volume":"10","author":"VS Antony","year":"2020","unstructured":"Antony VS, et al. Itraconazole coated super paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for antimicrobial studies. Biointerface Res Appl Chem. 2020;10:6218\u201325.","journal-title":"Biointerface Res Appl Chem"},{"issue":"1","key":"4722_CR154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaim.2017.11.003","volume":"11","author":"AK Keshari","year":"2020","unstructured":"Keshari AK, et al. Antioxidant and antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles synthesized by Cestrum nocturnum. J Ayurveda Integr Med. 2020;11(1):37\u201344.","journal-title":"J Ayurveda Integr Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"4722_CR155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-57333-7","volume":"10","author":"M Vahdati","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vahdati M, Tohidi Moghadam T. Synthesis and characterization of selenium nanoparticles-lysozyme nanohybrid system with synergistic antibacterial properties. Sci Rep. 2020;10(1):510.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"2","key":"4722_CR156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1080\/02652048.2020.1842528","volume":"38","author":"Y Hu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hu Y, et al. Studies on antimicrobial peptide-loaded nanomaterial for root caries restorations to inhibit periodontitis related pathogens in periodontitis care. J Microencapsul. 2021;38(2):89\u201399.","journal-title":"J Microencapsul"},{"key":"4722_CR157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128536","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molstruc.2020.128536","volume":"1218","author":"A Menazea","year":"2020","unstructured":"Menazea A, Ahmed M. Synthesis and antibacterial activity of graphene oxide decorated by silver and copper oxide nanoparticles. J Mol Struct. 2020;1218:128536.","journal-title":"J Mol Struct"},{"issue":"22","key":"4722_CR158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31617","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2021.08.042","volume":"47","author":"A Hojjati-Najafabadi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hojjati-Najafabadi A, et al. Antibacterial and photocatalytic behaviour of green synthesis of Zn0. 95Ag0. 05O nanoparticles using herbal medicine extract. Ceram Int. 2021;47(22):31617\u201324.","journal-title":"Ceram Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"4722_CR159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2658","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-06657-y","volume":"12","author":"CR Mendes","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mendes CR, et al. Antibacterial action and target mechanisms of zinc oxide nanoparticles against bacterial pathogens. Sci Rep. 2022;12(1):2658.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"15","key":"4722_CR160","first-page":"11864","volume":"33","author":"N Al-Zaqri","year":"2022","unstructured":"Al-Zaqri N, et al. Green synthesis of nickel oxide nanoparticles and its photocatalytic degradation and antibacterial activity. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron. 2022;33(15):11864\u201380.","journal-title":"J Mater Sci: Mater Electron"},{"key":"4722_CR161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u00c1lvarez E et al. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles decorated mesoporous silica nanosystem for combined antibiofilm therapy. Pharmaceutics. 2022;14(1).","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14010163"},{"issue":"1","key":"4722_CR162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7356","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-58210-8","volume":"14","author":"F Momtaz","year":"2024","unstructured":"Momtaz F, et al. Enhanced antibacterial properties of polyvinyl alcohol\/starch\/chitosan films with NiO-CuO nanoparticles for food packaging. Sci Rep. 2024;14(1):7356.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"13","key":"4722_CR163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1701406","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.201701406","volume":"7","author":"HE Karahan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Karahan HE, et al. Graphene materials in antimicrobial nanomedicine: current status and future perspectives. Adv Healthc Mater. 2018;7(13):e1701406.","journal-title":"Adv Healthc Mater"},{"issue":"Pt B","key":"4722_CR164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2024.11.079","volume":"680","author":"D Korcoban","year":"2025","unstructured":"Korcoban D, et al. Electroless Ag nanoparticle deposition on TiO(2) nanorod arrays, enhancing photocatalytic and antibacterial properties. J Colloid Interface Sci. 2025;680(Pt B):146\u201356.","journal-title":"J Colloid Interface Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"4722_CR165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1108","DOI":"10.1111\/jam.14214","volume":"126","author":"L Gabrielyan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gabrielyan L, et al. Effects of iron oxide (Fe(3) O(4)) nanoparticles on Escherichia coli antibiotic-resistant strains. J Appl Microbiol. 2019;126(4):1108\u201316.","journal-title":"J Appl Microbiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"4722_CR166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1080\/21691401.2017.1332635","volume":"46","author":"G Sathishkumar","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sathishkumar G, et al. Green synthesis of magnetic Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles using Couroupita guianensis Aubl. fruit extract for their antibacterial and cytotoxicity activities. Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol. 2018;46(3):589\u201398.","journal-title":"Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol"},{"issue":"5","key":"4722_CR167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1007\/s42452-019-0511-7","volume":"1","author":"ES Madivoli","year":"2019","unstructured":"Madivoli ES, et al. Biosynthesis of iron nanoparticles using Ageratum conyzoides extracts, their antimicrobial and photocatalytic activity. SN Appl Sci. 2019;1(5):500.","journal-title":"SN Appl Sci"},{"key":"4722_CR168","unstructured":"Butt A et al. CaO Nanoparticles as a potential drug delivery agent for biomedical applications. Digest J Nanomaterials Biostructures (DJNB). 2015;10(3)."},{"key":"4722_CR169","first-page":"2278","volume":"2","author":"A Balaganesh","year":"2018","unstructured":"Balaganesh A, et al. Synthesis and characterization of porous calcium oxide nanoparticles (CaO NPS). Int J Innovative Technol Exploring Eng. 2018;2:2278\u20133075.","journal-title":"Int J Innovative Technol Exploring Eng"},{"key":"4722_CR170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chis AA et al. Applications and limitations of dendrimers in biomedicine. Molecules, 2020. 25(17).","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25173982"},{"issue":"15","key":"4722_CR171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2005.09.018","volume":"57","author":"S Svenson","year":"2005","unstructured":"Svenson S, Tomalia DA. Dendrimers in biomedical applications\u2013reflections on the field. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2005;57(15):2106\u201329.","journal-title":"Adv Drug Deliv Rev"},{"key":"4722_CR172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Prakash S. Artificial cells, cell engineering and therapy. Elsevier; 2007.","DOI":"10.1533\/9781845693077"},{"key":"4722_CR173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tomalia D, Fr\u00e9chet J. Introduction to the dendritic state. Dendrimers and other dendritic polymers. 2001;1\u201344.","DOI":"10.1002\/0470845821.ch1"},{"key":"4722_CR174","unstructured":"Malik N. Dendrimer conjugates: evaluation as novel anticancer therapeutics. University of London, University College London (United Kingdom); 1999."},{"issue":"9","key":"4722_CR175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e29726","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e29726","volume":"10","author":"ST Fateh","year":"2024","unstructured":"Fateh ST, et al. Inorganic nanoparticle-cored dendrimers for biomedical applications: A review. Heliyon. 2024;10(9):e29726.","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"6","key":"4722_CR176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20230023","DOI":"10.1002\/VIW.20230023","volume":"4","author":"L Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li L, et al. The application advances of dendrimers in biomedical field. View. 2023;4(6):20230023.","journal-title":"View"},{"key":"4722_CR177","unstructured":"Kesharwani P. Dendrimer-based nanotherapeutics. Academic; 2021."},{"key":"4722_CR178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"704708","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/704708","volume":"2014","author":"AT Saeb","year":"2014","unstructured":"Saeb AT, et al. Production of silver nanoparticles with strong and stable antimicrobial activity against highly pathogenic and multidrug resistant bacteria. ScientificWorldJournal. 2014;2014:704708.","journal-title":"ScientificWorldJournal"},{"issue":"3","key":"4722_CR179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.15171\/apb.2017.058","volume":"7","author":"M Esmaeillou","year":"2017","unstructured":"Esmaeillou M, et al. Vancomycin Capped with silver nanoparticles as an antibacterial agent against multi-drug resistance bacteria. Adv Pharm Bull. 2017;7(3):479\u201383.","journal-title":"Adv Pharm Bull"},{"issue":"2","key":"4722_CR180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-481X.2007.00296.x","volume":"4","author":"SL Percival","year":"2007","unstructured":"Percival SL, Bowler PG, Dolman J. Antimicrobial activity of silver-containing dressings on wound microorganisms using an in vitro biofilm model. Int Wound J. 2007;4(2):186\u201391.","journal-title":"Int Wound J"},{"issue":"6","key":"4722_CR181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e21125","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0021125","volume":"6","author":"HL Su","year":"2011","unstructured":"Su HL, et al. Novel nanohybrids of silver particles on clay platelets for inhibiting silver-resistant bacteria. PLoS ONE. 2011;6(6):e21125.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"4722_CR182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2016.12.022","volume":"103","author":"S Kulshrestha","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kulshrestha S, Qayyum S, Khan AU. Antibiofilm efficacy of green synthesized graphene oxide-silver nanocomposite using Lagerstroemia speciosa floral extract: A comparative study on inhibition of gram-positive and gram-negative biofilms. Microb Pathog. 2017;103:167\u201377.","journal-title":"Microb Pathog"},{"issue":"3","key":"4722_CR183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2656","DOI":"10.1021\/nn300042m","volume":"6","author":"M Mahmoudi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mahmoudi M, Serpooshan V. Silver-coated engineered magnetic nanoparticles are promising for the success in the fight against antibacterial resistance threat. ACS Nano. 2012;6(3):2656\u201364.","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"15","key":"4722_CR184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4647","DOI":"10.1021\/la400500t","volume":"29","author":"W Zhang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zhang W, et al. Photogeneration of reactive oxygen species on uncoated silver, gold, nickel, and silicon nanoparticles and their antibacterial effects. Langmuir. 2013;29(15):4647\u201351.","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"issue":"7","key":"4722_CR185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4963","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.6b00161","volume":"8","author":"B Ramalingam","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ramalingam B, Parandhaman T, Das SK. Antibacterial effects of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles on surface ultrastructure and nanomechanical properties of gram-negative bacteria viz. escherichia coli and pseudomonas aeruginosa. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2016;8(7):4963\u201376.","journal-title":"ACS Appl Mater Interfaces"},{"key":"4722_CR186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-015-0120-6","volume":"13","author":"ED Cavassin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cavassin ED, et al. Comparison of methods to detect the in vitro activity of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) against multidrug resistant bacteria. J Nanobiotechnol. 2015;13:64.","journal-title":"J Nanobiotechnol"},{"issue":"4","key":"4722_CR187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1007\/s00775-007-0208-z","volume":"12","author":"CN Lok","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lok CN, et al. Silver nanoparticles: partial oxidation and antibacterial activities. J Biol Inorg Chem. 2007;12(4):527\u201334.","journal-title":"J Biol Inorg Chem"},{"issue":"1","key":"4722_CR188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-18590-6","volume":"8","author":"D Acharya","year":"2018","unstructured":"Acharya D, et al. Shape dependent physical mutilation and lethal effects of silver nanoparticles on bacteria. Sci Rep. 2018;8(1):201.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"4722_CR189","first-page":"1749","volume":"11","author":"E Nour","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nour E, Din S, et al. In vitro and in vivo antimicrobial activity of combined therapy of silver nanoparticles and visible blue light against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Int J Nanomed. 2016;11:1749\u201358.","journal-title":"Int J Nanomed"},{"issue":"5","key":"4722_CR190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e64060","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0064060","volume":"8","author":"O Bondarenko","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bondarenko O, et al. Particle-cell contact enhances antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles. PLoS ONE. 2013;8(5):e64060.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"4722_CR191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2017.03.054","volume":"155","author":"TY Chang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chang TY, et al. Trimethyl chitosan-capped silver nanoparticles with positive surface charge: Their catalytic activity and antibacterial spectrum including multidrug-resistant strains of Acinetobacter baumannii. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2017;155:61\u201370.","journal-title":"Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces"},{"key":"4722_CR192","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-014-0040-x","volume":"12","author":"K Singh","year":"2014","unstructured":"Singh K, et al. Green silver nanoparticles of Phyllanthus amarus: as an antibacterial agent against multi drug resistant clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J Nanobiotechnol. 2014;12:40.","journal-title":"J Nanobiotechnol"},{"key":"4722_CR193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.2147\/NSA.S133415","volume":"10","author":"R Salomoni","year":"2017","unstructured":"Salomoni R, et al. Antibacterial effect of silver nanoparticles in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Nanotechnol Sci Appl. 2017;10:115\u201321.","journal-title":"Nanotechnol Sci Appl"},{"issue":"9","key":"4722_CR194","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3834","DOI":"10.1039\/c3nr34254a","volume":"5","author":"L Liu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Liu L, et al. The potent antimicrobial properties of cell penetrating peptide-conjugated silver nanoparticles with excellent selectivity for gram-positive bacteria over erythrocytes. Nanoscale. 2013;5(9):3834\u201340.","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"key":"4722_CR195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1953","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S76150","volume":"10","author":"NJ Millenbaugh","year":"2015","unstructured":"Millenbaugh NJ, et al. Photothermal killing of Staphylococcus aureus using antibody-targeted gold nanoparticles. Int J Nanomed. 2015;10:1953\u201360.","journal-title":"Int J Nanomed"},{"issue":"9","key":"4722_CR196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2802","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.25929","volume":"118","author":"S Shaikh","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shaikh S, et al. Synthesis and characterization of cefotaxime conjugated gold nanoparticles and their use to target drug-resistant CTX-M-producing bacterial pathogens. J Cell Biochem. 2017;118(9):2802\u20138.","journal-title":"J Cell Biochem"},{"key":"4722_CR197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2016.00607","volume":"7","author":"JN Payne","year":"2016","unstructured":"Payne JN, et al. Novel Synthesis of kanamycin conjugated gold nanoparticles with potent antibacterial activity. Front Microbiol. 2016;7:607.","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4722_CR198","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2017.04.019","volume":"525","author":"MA Shaker","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shaker MA, Shaaban MI. Formulation of carbapenems loaded gold nanoparticles to combat multi-antibiotic bacterial resistance: In vitro antibacterial study. Int J Pharm. 2017;525(1):71\u201384.","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"issue":"8","key":"4722_CR199","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1429","DOI":"10.1166\/jbn.2014.1848","volume":"10","author":"PM Reddy","year":"2014","unstructured":"Reddy PM, et al. Functionalized magnetic iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles for capturing gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. J Biomed Nanotechnol. 2014;10(8):1429\u201339.","journal-title":"J Biomed Nanotechnol"},{"issue":"9","key":"4722_CR200","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9097","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.5b03247","volume":"9","author":"SH Cha","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cha SH, et al. Shape-dependent biomimetic inhibition of enzyme by nanoparticles and their antibacterial activity. ACS Nano. 2015;9(9):9097\u2013105.","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"6","key":"4722_CR201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5164","DOI":"10.1021\/nn300934k","volume":"6","author":"Y Li","year":"2012","unstructured":"Li Y, et al. Mechanism of photogenerated reactive oxygen species and correlation with the antibacterial properties of engineered metal-oxide nanoparticles. ACS Nano. 2012;6(6):5164\u201373.","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"2","key":"4722_CR202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.2174\/2211738505666170424121944","volume":"5","author":"JB Aswathanarayan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Aswathanarayan JB, Vittal RR. Antimicrobial, biofilm inhibitory and anti-infective activity of metallic nanoparticles against pathogens mrsa and pseudomonas aeruginosa PA01. Pharm Nanotechnol. 2017;5(2):148\u201353.","journal-title":"Pharm Nanotechnol"},{"issue":"7","key":"4722_CR203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4745","DOI":"10.1166\/jnn.2014.9527","volume":"14","author":"R Singh","year":"2014","unstructured":"Singh R, Smitha MS, Singh SP. The role of nanotechnology in combating multi-drug resistant bacteria. J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2014;14(7):4745\u201356.","journal-title":"J Nanosci Nanotechnol"},{"key":"4722_CR204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2015.02.009","volume":"128","author":"T Kruk","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kruk T, et al. Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of monodisperse copper nanoparticles. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2015;128:17\u201322.","journal-title":"Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces"},{"issue":"4","key":"4722_CR205","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1080\/08927014.2015.1048686","volume":"31","author":"F LewisOscar","year":"2015","unstructured":"LewisOscar F, et al. One pot synthesis and anti-biofilm potential of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) against clinical strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Biofouling. 2015;31(4):379\u201391.","journal-title":"Biofouling"},{"key":"4722_CR206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33662","DOI":"10.1038\/srep33662","volume":"6","author":"AK Chaurasia","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chaurasia AK, et al. Coupling of radiofrequency with magnetic nanoparticles treatment as an alternative physical antibacterial strategy against multiple drug resistant bacteria. Sci Rep. 2016;6:33662.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"4722_CR207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3269","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S74469","volume":"10","author":"ME El Zowalaty","year":"2015","unstructured":"El Zowalaty ME, et al. The ability of streptomycin-loaded chitosan-coated magnetic nanocomposites to possess antimicrobial and antituberculosis activities. Int J Nanomed. 2015;10:3269\u201374.","journal-title":"Int J Nanomed"},{"key":"4722_CR208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ansari MA et al. Antibacterial potential of Al2O3 nanoparticles against multidrug resistance strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from skin exudates. Journal of nanoparticle research, 2013. 15(10): p. 1970.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11051-013-1970-1"},{"issue":"1","key":"4722_CR209","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.4236\/jbnb.2010.11005","volume":"1","author":"AS Roy","year":"2010","unstructured":"Roy AS, et al. Effect of nano-titanium dioxide with different antibiotics against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. J Biomaterials Nanobiotechnol. 2010;1(1):37\u201341.","journal-title":"J Biomaterials Nanobiotechnol"},{"key":"4722_CR210","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2017.11.005","volume":"161","author":"Z Zhou","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhou Z, et al. Multifunctional nanocomplex for surface-enhanced Raman scattering imaging and near-infrared photodynamic antimicrobial therapy of vancomycin-resistant bacteria. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2018;161:394\u2013402.","journal-title":"Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces"},{"issue":"3","key":"4722_CR211","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1177\/0885328216646910","volume":"31","author":"M Ramasamy","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ramasamy M, Lee JH, Lee J. Potent antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of bacteriogenically synthesized gold-silver nanoparticles against pathogenic bacteria and their physiochemical characterizations. J Biomater Appl. 2016;31(3):366\u201378.","journal-title":"J Biomater Appl"},{"issue":"4","key":"4722_CR212","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnsc.2014.07.002","volume":"24","author":"L Argueta-Figueroa","year":"2014","unstructured":"Argueta-Figueroa L, et al. Synthesis, characterization and antibacterial activity of copper, nickel and bimetallic Cu\u2013Ni nanoparticles for potential use in dental materials. Progress Nat Science: Mater Int. 2014;24(4):321\u20138.","journal-title":"Progress Nat Science: Mater Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"4722_CR213","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nano.2015.11.014","volume":"12","author":"WY Pan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pan WY, et al. Synergistic antibacterial effects of localized heat and oxidative stress caused by hydroxyl radicals mediated by graphene\/iron oxide-based nanocomposites. Nanomedicine. 2016;12(2):431\u20138.","journal-title":"Nanomedicine"},{"key":"4722_CR214","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2016.06.052","volume":"69","author":"S Govindaraju","year":"2016","unstructured":"Govindaraju S, Samal M, Yun K. Superior antibacterial activity of GlcN-AuNP-GO by ultraviolet irradiation. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2016;69:366\u201372.","journal-title":"Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl"},{"key":"4722_CR215","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2017.07.005","volume":"141","author":"N Huang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Huang N, et al. Ruthenium complexes\/polypeptide self-assembled nanoparticles for identification of bacterial infection and targeted antibacterial research. Biomaterials. 2017;141:296\u2013313.","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"issue":"31","key":"4722_CR216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8127","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201401035","volume":"53","author":"Y Zhao","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zhao Y, et al. Tuning the composition of AuPt bimetallic nanoparticles for antibacterial application. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2014;53(31):8127\u201331.","journal-title":"Angew Chem Int Ed Engl"},{"key":"4722_CR217","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fritea L et al. Metal nanoparticles and carbon-based nanomaterials for improved performances of electrochemical (bio)sensors with biomedical applications. Mater (Basel). 2021;14(21).","DOI":"10.3390\/ma14216319"},{"issue":"1","key":"4722_CR218","first-page":"19","volume":"5","author":"S Maleki Dizaj","year":"2015","unstructured":"Maleki Dizaj S, et al. Antimicrobial activity of carbon-based nanoparticles. Adv Pharm Bull. 2015;5(1):19\u201323.","journal-title":"Adv Pharm Bull"},{"key":"4722_CR219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102250","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cis.2020.102250","volume":"284","author":"M Azizi-Lalabadi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Azizi-Lalabadi M, et al. Carbon nanomaterials against pathogens; the antimicrobial activity of carbon nanotubes, graphene\/graphene oxide, fullerenes, and their nanocomposites. Adv Colloid Interface Sci. 2020;284:102250.","journal-title":"Adv Colloid Interface Sci"},{"key":"4722_CR220","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.025","volume":"634","author":"X Du","year":"2023","unstructured":"Du X, et al. Size-dependent antibacterial of carbon dots by selective absorption and differential oxidative stress of bacteria. J Colloid Interface Sci. 2023;634:44\u201353.","journal-title":"J Colloid Interface Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"4722_CR221","first-page":"3645","volume":"27","author":"A Lagan\u00e0","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lagan\u00e0 A, et al. Antibacterial activity of nanoparticles and nanomaterials: a possible weapon in the fight against healthcare-associated infections. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2023;27(8):3645\u201363.","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"4722_CR222","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kharlamova MV, Kramberger C. Cytotoxicity of carbon nanotubes, graphene, fullerenes, and dots. Nanomaterials (Basel). 2023;9.","DOI":"10.3390\/nano13091458"},{"issue":"9","key":"4722_CR223","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6971","DOI":"10.1021\/nn202451x","volume":"5","author":"S Liu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Liu S, et al. Antibacterial activity of graphite, graphite oxide, graphene oxide, and reduced graphene oxide: membrane and oxidative stress. ACS Nano. 2011;5(9):6971\u201380.","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"13","key":"4722_CR224","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6409","DOI":"10.1021\/la800951v","volume":"24","author":"S Kang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kang S, et al. Antibacterial effects of carbon nanotubes: size does matter! Langmuir. 2008;24(13):6409\u201313.","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"issue":"32","key":"4722_CR225","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9745","DOI":"10.1039\/D5TB00272A","volume":"13","author":"MA Zarouki","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zarouki MA, et al. Carbon nanostructures with antibacterial and wound healing activities: recent progress and challenges. J Mater Chem B. 2025;13(32):9745\u2013803.","journal-title":"J Mater Chem B"},{"issue":"14","key":"4722_CR226","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11555","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.2c00848","volume":"7","author":"PK Raul","year":"2022","unstructured":"Raul PK, et al. Carbon nanostructures as antibacterials and active food-packaging materials: a review. ACS Omega. 2022;7(14):11555\u20139.","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"key":"4722_CR227","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2020.00465","volume":"8","author":"H Mohammed","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mohammed H, et al. Antimicrobial mechanisms and effectiveness of graphene and graphene-functionalized biomaterials. a scope review. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2020;8:465.","journal-title":"Front Bioeng Biotechnol"},{"key":"4722_CR228","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1426179","DOI":"10.3389\/fchem.2024.1426179","volume":"12","author":"T Tene","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tene T, et al. Synthesis of metal nanoparticles on graphene oxide and antibacterial properties. Front Chem. 2024;12:1426179.","journal-title":"Front Chem"},{"issue":"22","key":"4722_CR229","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18339","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.2c00508","volume":"7","author":"T Du","year":"2022","unstructured":"Du T, et al. Ni Nanocrystals supported on graphene oxide: antibacterial agents for synergistic treatment of bacterial infections. ACS Omega. 2022;7(22):18339\u201349.","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"key":"4722_CR230","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6707","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S387590","volume":"17","author":"V Ravikumar","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ravikumar V, Mijakovic I, Pandit S. Antimicrobial activity of graphene oxide contributes to alteration of key stress-related and membrane bound proteins. Int J Nanomed. 2022;17:6707\u201321.","journal-title":"Int J Nanomed"},{"key":"4722_CR231","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213440","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioadv.2023.213440","volume":"150","author":"K Shankar","year":"2023","unstructured":"Shankar K, et al. A review on antimicrobial mechanism and applications of graphene-based materials. Biomater Adv. 2023;150:213440.","journal-title":"Biomater Adv"},{"key":"4722_CR232","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2022.08.011","volume":"350","author":"AM Itoo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Itoo AM, et al. Multifunctional graphene oxide nanoparticles for drug delivery in cancer. J Control Release. 2022;350:26\u201359.","journal-title":"J Control Release"},{"key":"4722_CR233","unstructured":"Karaky N. The Use of metal ions and graphene-based compounds as novel antimicrobials against multidrug resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa, klebsiella pneumoniae and staphylococcus aureus. Manchester Metropolitan University; 2020."},{"issue":"3","key":"4722_CR234","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.34172\/apb.2022.049","volume":"12","author":"MA Saleemi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Saleemi MA, et al. An overview of antimicrobial properties of carbon nanotubes-based nanocomposites. Adv Pharm Bull. 2022;12(3):449\u201365.","journal-title":"Adv Pharm Bull"},{"key":"4722_CR235","first-page":"5361","volume":"7","author":"S Vardharajula","year":"2012","unstructured":"Vardharajula S, et al. Functionalized carbon nanotubes: biomedical applications. Int J Nanomed. 2012;7:5361\u201374.","journal-title":"Int J Nanomed"},{"issue":"9","key":"4722_CR236","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1177\/0960327119899988","volume":"39","author":"E Mohammadi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mohammadi E, et al. The effects of functionalization of carbon nanotubes on toxicological parameters in mice. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2020;39(9):1147\u201367.","journal-title":"Hum Exp Toxicol"},{"key":"4722_CR237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107645","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymertesting.2022.107645","volume":"112","author":"SR Mousavi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mousavi SR, et al. A review of electrical and thermal conductivities of epoxy resin systems reinforced with carbon nanotubes and graphene-based nanoparticles. Polym Test. 2022;112:107645.","journal-title":"Polym Test"},{"issue":"1","key":"4722_CR238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102001","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2020.102001","volume":"24","author":"R Teixeira-Santos","year":"2021","unstructured":"Teixeira-Santos R, et al. Antimicrobial and anti-adhesive properties of carbon nanotube-based surfaces for medical applications: a systematic review. iScience. 2021;24(1):102001.","journal-title":"iScience"},{"issue":"2","key":"4722_CR239","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.2166\/wh.2018.228","volume":"16","author":"D Liu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Liu D, Mao Y, Ding L. Carbon nanotubes as antimicrobial agents for water disinfection and pathogen control. J Water Health. 2018;16(2):171\u201380.","journal-title":"J Water Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"4722_CR240","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-nbt.2019.0342","volume":"14","author":"SE Abo-Neima","year":"2020","unstructured":"Abo-Neima SE, Motaweh HA, Elsehly EM. Antimicrobial activity of functionalised carbon nanotubes against pathogenic microorganisms. IET Nanobiotechnol. 2020;14(6):457\u201364.","journal-title":"IET Nanobiotechnol"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"4722_CR241","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S13","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10005-2575","volume":"16","author":"P Sharma","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sharma P, et al. A comparison of antimicrobial efficacy of silver-based preventive restorations (silver nitrate, silver diamine fluoride, and silver nanoparticles) against streptococcus mutans monospecies biofilm model. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2023;16(Suppl 1):S13\u20139.","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pediatr Dent"},{"issue":"1","key":"4722_CR242","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-263X.2011.01149.x","volume":"22","author":"CH Chu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chu CH, et al. Effects of silver diamine fluoride on dentine carious lesions induced by Streptococcus mutans and Actinomyces naeslundii biofilms. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2012;22(1):2\u201310.","journal-title":"Int J Paediatr Dent"},{"issue":"3","key":"4722_CR243","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1725","DOI":"10.1007\/s12088-024-01281-y","volume":"65","author":"M Kataria","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kataria M, Lal S, Dilbaghi N. Bacteriologically derived copper nanoparticles as novel arsenal against multidrug-resistant pathogens. Indian J Microbiol. 2025;65(3):1725\u201333.","journal-title":"Indian J Microbiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"4722_CR244","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.15407\/microbiolj86.03.027","volume":"86","author":"M Ahmed","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ahmed M, Muhsin ZA. Synergistic effect of gentamicin and iron oxide nanoparticles on phzM gene of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Mikrobiol Z. 2024;86(3):27\u201339.","journal-title":"Mikrobiol Z"},{"issue":"1","key":"4722_CR245","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10064","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-14206-w","volume":"12","author":"M Hassani","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hassani M, et al. Robust antibacterial activity of functionalized carbon nanotube- levofloxacine conjugate based on in vitro and in vivo studies. Sci Rep. 2022;12(1):10064.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"4722_CR246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"957698","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.957698","volume":"13","author":"W Hou","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hou W, et al. Application of fullerenes as photosensitizers for antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation: a review. Front Microbiol. 2022;13:957698.","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"4722_CR247","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1984","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics15071984","volume":"15","author":"O Bolshakova","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bolshakova O, et al. Fullerenes on a nanodiamond platform demonstrate antibacterial activity with low cytotoxicity. Pharmaceutics. 2023;15(7):1984.","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"issue":"3","key":"4722_CR248","first-page":"22","volume":"7","author":"A Nimibofa","year":"2018","unstructured":"Nimibofa A, et al. Fullerenes: synthesis and applications. J Mater Sci. 2018;7(3):22.","journal-title":"J Mater Sci"},{"key":"4722_CR249","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100471","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphotochemrev.2021.100471","volume":"51","author":"DA Heredia","year":"2022","unstructured":"Heredia DA, et al. Fullerene C60 derivatives as antimicrobial photodynamic agents. J Photochem Photobiol C. 2022;51:100471.","journal-title":"J Photochem Photobiol C"},{"key":"4722_CR250","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112339","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diamond.2025.112339","volume":"155","author":"J Cheng","year":"2025","unstructured":"Cheng J, et al. Biological characterization of the osteogenic, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties of fullerene-modified zirconia and titanium alloy implant surfaces. Diam Relat Mater. 2025;155:112339.","journal-title":"Diam Relat Mater"},{"key":"4722_CR251","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118083","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molliq.2021.118083","volume":"348","author":"MJ Ansari","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ansari MJ, et al. Improved antibacterial activity of sulfasalazine loaded fullerene derivative: computational and experimental studies. J Mol Liq. 2022;348:118083.","journal-title":"J Mol Liq"},{"issue":"23","key":"4722_CR252","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5833","DOI":"10.1039\/D4NA00732H","volume":"6","author":"AA Ibrahim","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ibrahim AA, et al. A rapid one-step synthesis of silver and copper coordinated chlorine functionalized fullerene nanoparticles with enhanced antibacterial activity. Nanoscale Adv. 2024;6(23):5833\u201352.","journal-title":"Nanoscale Adv"},{"key":"4722_CR253","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ye L et al. Antitumor Activity and potential mechanism of novel fullerene derivative nanoparticles. Molecules. 2021;26(11).","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26113252"},{"key":"4722_CR254","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"926363","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.926363","volume":"12","author":"A Shariati","year":"2022","unstructured":"Shariati A, et al. PLGA-based nanoplatforms in drug delivery for inhibition and destruction of microbial biofilm. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2022;12:926363.","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"4722_CR255","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1039\/D4PM00032C","volume":"1","author":"SK Mondal","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mondal SK, et al. Antimicrobial nanoparticles: current landscape and future challenges. RSC Pharm. 2024;1(3):388\u2013402.","journal-title":"RSC Pharm"},{"key":"4722_CR256","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang J et al. An Overview of stimuli-responsive intelligent antibacterial nanomaterials. Pharmaceutics. 2023;15(8).","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics15082113"},{"key":"4722_CR257","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xuan L et al. Nanoparticles-induced potential toxicity on human health: Applications, toxicity mechanisms, and evaluation models. MedComm (2020). 2023;4(4):e327.","DOI":"10.1002\/mco2.327"},{"key":"4722_CR258","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123617","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2024.123617","volume":"346","author":"YL Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang YL, et al. Oxidative stress and potential effects of metal nanoparticles: A review of biocompatibility and toxicity concerns. Environ Pollut. 2024;346:123617.","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"4722_CR259","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100052","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nwnano.2024.100052","volume":"8","author":"DB Olawade","year":"2024","unstructured":"Olawade DB, et al. The synergy of artificial intelligence and nanotechnology towards advancing innovation and sustainability-A mini-review. Nano Trends. 2024;8:100052.","journal-title":"Nano Trends"},{"issue":"5","key":"4722_CR260","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2019.11.031","volume":"38","author":"X Yan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yan X, et al. An overview of biodegradable nanomaterials and applications in vaccines. Vaccine. 2020;38(5):1096\u2013104.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"4","key":"4722_CR261","first-page":"277","volume":"40","author":"CL Ventola","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ventola CL. The antibiotic resistance crisis: part 1: causes and threats. P t. 2015;40(4):277\u201383.","journal-title":"P t"},{"key":"4722_CR262","unstructured":"Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance in 2019: a systematic analysis. Lancet, 2022. 399(10325):629\u201355."},{"issue":"1","key":"4722_CR263","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2015.02.007","volume":"7","author":"S Ahmed","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ahmed S, et al. A review on plants extract mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles for antimicrobial applications: A green expertise. J Adv Res. 2016;7(1):17\u201328.","journal-title":"J Adv Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"4722_CR264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10582","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.8b04758","volume":"12","author":"B Fadeel","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fadeel B, et al. Safety assessment of graphene-based materials: focus on human health and the environment. ACS Nano. 2018;12(11):10582\u2013620.","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"6","key":"4722_CR265","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nantod.2011.10.001","volume":"6","author":"L Yildirimer","year":"2011","unstructured":"Yildirimer L, et al. Toxicology and clinical potential of nanoparticles. Nano Today. 2011;6(6):585\u2013607.","journal-title":"Nano Today"},{"issue":"2","key":"4722_CR266","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2009-1082","volume":"151","author":"BS Zolnik","year":"2010","unstructured":"Zolnik BS, et al. Nanoparticles and the immune system. Endocrinology. 2010;151(2):458\u201365.","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"1","key":"4722_CR267","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nano.2012.05.013","volume":"9","author":"ML Etheridge","year":"2013","unstructured":"Etheridge ML, et al. The big picture on nanomedicine: the state of investigational and approved nanomedicine products. Nanomedicine. 2013;9(1):1\u201314.","journal-title":"Nanomedicine"},{"issue":"12","key":"4722_CR268","first-page":"742","volume":"42","author":"CL Ventola","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ventola CL. Progress in nanomedicine: approved and investigational nanodrugs. P t. 2017;42(12):742\u201355.","journal-title":"P t"},{"key":"4722_CR269","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dutt A et al. Biocompatible nanomaterials for sustainable biomedical applications. in E3S Web of Conferences. 2024. EDP Sciences.","DOI":"10.1051\/e3sconf\/202454703020"},{"key":"4722_CR270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Naskar A, Kim KS. Photo-stimuli-responsive cus nanomaterials as cutting-edge platform materials for antibacterial applications. Pharmaceutics, 2022. 14(11).","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14112343"},{"key":"4722_CR271","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lu L et al. Magnetic Field\/Ultrasound-responsive Fe(3)O(4) Microbubbles for targeted mechanical\/catalytic removal of bacterial biofilms. Nanomaterials (Basel), 2024. 14(22).","DOI":"10.3390\/nano14221830"},{"key":"4722_CR272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7895","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S469724","volume":"19","author":"MI Qui\u00f1ones-Vico","year":"2024","unstructured":"Qui\u00f1ones-Vico MI, et al. Antibiotic nanoparticles-loaded wound dressings against pseudomonas aeruginosa\u2019s skin infection: a systematic review. Int J Nanomed. 2024;19:7895\u2013926.","journal-title":"Int J Nanomed"},{"key":"4722_CR273","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pisani S et al. Antibiotic-loaded nano-sized delivery systems: an insight into gentamicin and vancomycin. J Funct Biomater, 2024. 15(7).","DOI":"10.3390\/jfb15070194"},{"key":"4722_CR274","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2024.08.029","volume":"374","author":"G Costabile","year":"2024","unstructured":"Costabile G, et al. Antibiotic-loaded nanoparticles for the treatment of intracellular methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus infections: In vitro and in vivo efficacy of a novel antibiotic. J Control Release. 2024;374:454\u201365.","journal-title":"J Control Release"},{"issue":"2","key":"4722_CR275","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1002\/pts.2864","volume":"38","author":"NS Abdul Malek","year":"2025","unstructured":"Abdul Malek NS, et al. Tailoring synergistic polylactic acid\u2013based nanocomposites for sustainable antimicrobial fruit packaging. Packaging Technol Sci. 2025;38(2):163\u201392.","journal-title":"Packaging Technol Sci"},{"key":"4722_CR276","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ibraheem DR et al. Ciprofloxacin-loaded silver nanoparticles as potent nano-antibiotics against resistant pathogenic bacteria. Nanomaterials (Basel), 2022. 12(16).","DOI":"10.3390\/nano12162808"},{"issue":"4","key":"4722_CR277","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1007\/s43440-023-00491-3","volume":"75","author":"TS Veriato","year":"2023","unstructured":"Veriato TS, et al. Nano-antibiotic based on silver nanoparticles functionalized to the vancomycin-cysteamine complex for treating Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis. Pharmacol Rep. 2023;75(4):951\u201361.","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rep"},{"issue":"10","key":"4722_CR278","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3224","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.81520","volume":"13","author":"X Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang X, et al. Cell-membrane-coated nanoparticles for the fight against pathogenic bacteria, toxins, and inflammatory cytokines associated with sepsis. Theranostics. 2023;13(10):3224\u201344.","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"issue":"5","key":"4722_CR279","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1825","DOI":"10.1002\/wnan.1825","volume":"14","author":"J Ma","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ma J, Jiang L, Liu G. Cell membrane-coated nanoparticles for the treatment of bacterial infection. Wiley Interdiscip Rev Nanomed Nanobiotechnol. 2022;14(5):e1825.","journal-title":"Wiley Interdiscip Rev Nanomed Nanobiotechnol"},{"issue":"4","key":"4722_CR280","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2505","DOI":"10.1007\/s10989-021-10268-y","volume":"27","author":"S Fahimirad","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fahimirad S, et al. Antimicrobial activity, stability and wound healing performances of chitosan nanoparticles loaded recombinant LL37 antimicrobial peptide. Int J Pept Res Ther. 2021;27(4):2505\u201315.","journal-title":"Int J Pept Res Ther"}],"container-title":["Discover Nano"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s11671-026-04722-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s11671-026-04722-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s11671-026-04722-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T14:02:58Z","timestamp":1781964178000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s11671-026-04722-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]]},"references-count":280,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4722"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s11671-026-04722-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["2731-9229"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2731-9229","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 December 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 June 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 June 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"This research does not include any human or animal subjects.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Human and animal rights"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"275"}}