{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T10:59:55Z","timestamp":1789988395992,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789948800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789948800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Discover Nano"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s11671-026-04937-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T08:30:57Z","timestamp":1789979457000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Nanocarrier mediated microRNA delivery for oral squamous cell carcinoma a scoping review of delivery architecture preclinical efficacy and translational barriers"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Shazia Fathima","family":"Jaffer Hussain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rishal Mohammed","family":"Pathuthara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mushir","family":"Mulla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Munaz","family":"Mulla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdul Habeeb","family":"Adil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohmed Isaqali","family":"Karobari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"4937_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1038\/s41368-023-00249-w","volume":"15","author":"Y Tan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tan Y, Wang Z, Xu M, Li B, Huang Z, Qin S, et al. Oral squamous cell carcinomas: state of the field and emerging directions. Int J Oral Sci. 2023;15:44.","journal-title":"Int J Oral Sci"},{"key":"4937_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345251344895","author":"L-M Cao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Cao L-M, Zhang B, Luo H-Y, Zhou K, Yu Y-F, Li Z-Z, et al. Areca nut production, imports, and their impact on oral cancer incidence. J Dent Res. 2025. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00220345251344895.","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"4937_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4967","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14194967","volume":"14","author":"M\u00c1 Gonz\u00e1lez-Moles","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Moles M\u00c1, Aguilar-Ruiz M, Ramos-Garc\u00eda P. Challenges in the early diagnosis of oral cancer, evidence gaps and strategies for improvement: a scoping review of systematic reviews. Cancers (Basel). 2022;14:4967.","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"4937_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3264","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12093264","volume":"12","author":"L Nokovitch","year":"2023","unstructured":"Nokovitch L, Maquet C, Crampon F, Taihi I, Roussel L-M, Obongo R, et al. Oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma risk factors: state of the art. J Clin Med. 2023;12:3264.","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"4937_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgp220","volume":"31","author":"S Sharma","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sharma S, Kelly TK, Jones PA. Epigenetics in cancer. Carcinogenesis. 2010;31:27\u201336.","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"key":"4937_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1080\/17460441.2020.1765770","volume":"15","author":"M Segal","year":"2020","unstructured":"Segal M, Slack FJ. Challenges identifying efficacious miRNA therapeutics for cancer. Expert Opin Drug Discov. 2020;15:987\u201392.","journal-title":"Expert Opin Drug Discov"},{"key":"4937_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2014.05.009","volume":"81","author":"Y Chen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chen Y, Gao D-Y, Huang L. In vivo delivery of miRNAs for cancer therapy: challenges and strategies. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2015;81:128\u201341.","journal-title":"Adv Drug Deliv Rev"},{"key":"4937_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155091","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prp.2024.155091","volume":"254","author":"HS Chawra","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chawra HS, Agarwal M, Mishra A, Chandel SS, Singh RP, Dubey G, et al. MicroRNA-21\u2019s role in PTEN suppression and PI3K\/AKT activation: implications for cancer biology. Pathol Res Pract. 2024;254:155091.","journal-title":"Pathol Res Pract"},{"key":"4937_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1007\/s12032-012-0411-9","volume":"30","author":"J Sun","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sun J, Chen Z, Tan X, Zhou F, Tan F, Gao Y, et al. MicroRNA-99a\/100 promotes apoptosis by targeting mTOR in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Med Oncol. 2013;30:411.","journal-title":"Med Oncol"},{"key":"4937_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5220","DOI":"10.1039\/D4NA00488D","volume":"6","author":"MP Fawzy","year":"2024","unstructured":"Fawzy MP, Hassan HAFM, Sedky NK, Nafie MS, Youness RA, Fahmy SA. Revolutionizing cancer therapy: nanoformulation of miRNA-34 enhancing delivery and efficacy for various cancer immunotherapies. Nanoscale Adv. 2024;6:5220\u201357.","journal-title":"Nanoscale Adv"},{"key":"4937_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2867-13-51","volume":"13","author":"Y Shao","year":"2013","unstructured":"Shao Y, Qu Y, Dang S, Yao B, Ji M. MiR-145 inhibits oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell growth by targeting c-Myc and Cdk6. Cancer Cell Int. 2013;13:51.","journal-title":"Cancer Cell Int"},{"key":"4937_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e252","DOI":"10.1038\/mtna.2015.23","volume":"4","author":"JKW Lam","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lam JKW, Chow MYT, Zhang Y, Leung SWS. SiRNA versus miRNA as therapeutics for gene silencing. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids. 2015;4:e252.","journal-title":"Mol Ther Nucleic Acids"},{"key":"4937_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-021-00687-0","volume":"6","author":"D Li","year":"2021","unstructured":"Li D, Wu M. Pattern recognition receptors in health and diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2021;6:291.","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"key":"4937_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1630","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-020-0802-1","volume":"122","author":"DS Hong","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hong DS, Kang Y-K, Borad M, Sachdev J, Ejadi S, Lim HY, et al. Phase 1 study of MRX34, a liposomal miR-34a mimic, in patients with advanced solid tumours. Br J Cancer. 2020;122:1630\u20137.","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"4937_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2020.03.020","volume":"322","author":"C Peng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Peng C, Huang Y, Zheng J. Renal clearable nanocarriers: overcoming the physiological barriers for precise drug delivery and clearance. J Control Release. 2020;322:64\u201380.","journal-title":"J Control Release"},{"key":"4937_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3645","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S207837","volume":"14","author":"Y Yan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yan Y, Li X-Q, Duan J-L, Bao C-J, Cui Y-N, Su Z-B, et al. Nanosized functional miRNA liposomes and application in the treatment of TNBC by silencing Slug gene. Int J Nanomed. 2019;14:3645\u201367.","journal-title":"Int J Nanomed"},{"key":"4937_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11669","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.1c00992","volume":"6","author":"X Cui","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cui X, Song K, Lu X, Feng W, Di W. Liposomal delivery of MicroRNA-7 targeting EGFR to inhibit the growth, invasion and migration of ovarian cancer. ACS Omega. 2021;6:11669\u201378.","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"key":"4937_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8641","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S471900","volume":"19","author":"C Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang C, Zhang Y, Kong W, Rong X, Zhong Z, Jiang L, et al. Delivery of miRNAs using nanoparticles for the treatment of osteosarcoma. Int J Nanomed. 2024;19:8641\u201360.","journal-title":"Int J Nanomed"},{"key":"4937_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee Y, Thompson DH. Stimuli-responsive liposomes for drug delivery. Wiley Interdiscip Rev Nanomed Nanobiotechnol. 2017;9.","DOI":"10.1002\/wnan.1450"},{"key":"4937_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.1021\/mp300081s","volume":"9","author":"CJ Cheng","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cheng CJ, Saltzman WM. Polymer nanoparticle-mediated delivery of microRNA inhibition and alternative splicing. Mol Pharm. 2012;9:1481\u20138.","journal-title":"Mol Pharm"},{"key":"4937_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9179","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S524558","volume":"20","author":"Y-P Fang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Fang Y-P, Lin Y-C, Lin C-Y, Wang P-J, Chang T-Y, Hsieh Y-J. Transmucosal delivery of miR-30c-5p by chitosan nanoparticles for oral squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Nanomed. 2025;20:9179\u201394.","journal-title":"Int J Nanomed"},{"key":"4937_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1186\/s12943-025-02410-x","volume":"24","author":"P Kesharwani","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kesharwani P, Kumar V, Goh KW, Gupta G, Alsayari A, Wahab S, et al. PEGylated PLGA nanoparticles: unlocking advanced strategies for cancer therapy. Mol Cancer. 2025;24:205.","journal-title":"Mol Cancer"},{"key":"4937_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.3390\/md17060381","volume":"17","author":"Y Cao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cao Y, Tan YF, Wong YS, Liew MWJ, Venkatraman S. Recent advances in chitosan-based carriers for gene delivery. Mar Drugs. 2019;17:381.","journal-title":"Mar Drugs"},{"key":"4937_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114416","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2022.114416","volume":"188","author":"C Hald Albertsen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hald Albertsen C, Kulkarni JA, Witzigmann D, Lind M, Petersson K, Simonsen JB. The role of lipid components in lipid nanoparticles for vaccines and gene therapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2022;188:114416.","journal-title":"Adv Drug Deliv Rev"},{"key":"4937_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22901","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.3c08030","volume":"17","author":"X Wei","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wei X, Yu S, Zhang T, Liu L, Wang X, Wang X, et al. MicroRNA-200 loaded lipid nanoparticles promote intestinal epithelium regeneration in canonical microRNA-deficient mice. ACS Nano. 2023;17:22901\u201315.","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"4937_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics10030126","volume":"10","author":"V Dzmitruk","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dzmitruk V, Apartsin E, Ihnatsyeu-Kachan A, Abashkin V, Shcharbin D, Bryszewska M. Dendrimers show promise for siRNA and microRNA therapeutics. Pharmaceutics. 2018;10:126.","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"4937_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics17070927","volume":"17","author":"S Alamos-Musre","year":"2025","unstructured":"Alamos-Musre S, Beltr\u00e1n-Chacana D, Moyano J, M\u00e1rquez-Miranda V, Duarte Y, Miranda-Rojas S, et al. From structure to function: the promise of PAMAM dendrimers in biomedical applications. Pharmaceutics. 2025;17:927.","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"4937_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1007\/s12672-024-01626-5","volume":"15","author":"B Xiong","year":"2024","unstructured":"Xiong B, Zhang J, Si Y, Fu J. microRNA-875-5p-conjugated gold nanoparticles suppress breast cancer progression through the MTDH\/PTEN\/AKT signaling pathway. Discov Oncol. 2024;15:804.","journal-title":"Discov Oncol"},{"key":"4937_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38323","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.3c07541","volume":"15","author":"I Garrido-Cano","year":"2023","unstructured":"Garrido-Cano I, Adam-Artigues A, Lameirinhas A, Blandez JF, Candela-Noguera V, Lluch A, et al. Delivery of miR-200c-3p using tumor-targeted mesoporous silica nanoparticles for breast cancer therapy. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2023;15:38323\u201334.","journal-title":"ACS Appl Mater Interfaces"},{"key":"4937_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1569101","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2025.1569101","volume":"13","author":"P Telkoparan-Akillilar","year":"2025","unstructured":"Telkoparan-Akillilar P, Chichiarelli S, Tucci P, Saso L. Integration of microRNAs with nanomedicine: tumor targeting and therapeutic approaches. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2025;13:1569101.","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"4937_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.4161\/cbt.25936","volume":"14","author":"L Li","year":"2013","unstructured":"Li L, Li H. Role of microRNA-mediated MMP regulation in the treatment and diagnosis of malignant tumors. Cancer Biol Ther. 2013;14:796\u2013805.","journal-title":"Cancer Biol Ther"},{"key":"4937_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.21037\/atm-22-2483","volume":"10","author":"G Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang G, Zhang R, Bai P, Li S, Zuo J, Zhang Y, et al. Down-regulated expression of miR-99a is associated with lymph node metastasis and predicts poor outcome in stage IB cervical squamous cell carcinoma. Ann Transl Med. 2022;10:663.","journal-title":"Ann Transl Med"},{"key":"4937_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13823","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e13823","volume":"9","author":"M Taher","year":"2023","unstructured":"Taher M, Susanti D, Haris MS, Rushdan AA, Widodo RT, Syukri Y, et al. PEGylated liposomes enhance the effect of cytotoxic drug: a review. Heliyon. 2023;9:e13823.","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"4937_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-018-0398-2","volume":"16","author":"X Guo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Guo X, Cheng Y, Zhao X, Luo Y, Chen J, Yuan W-E. Advances in redox-responsive drug delivery systems of tumor microenvironment. J Nanobiotechnol. 2018;16:74.","journal-title":"J Nanobiotechnol"},{"key":"4937_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2015.09.012","volume":"99","author":"JS Suk","year":"2016","unstructured":"Suk JS, Xu Q, Kim N, Hanes J, Ensign LM. PEGylation as a strategy for improving nanoparticle-based drug and gene delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2016;99:28\u201351.","journal-title":"Adv Drug Deliv Rev"},{"key":"4937_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101687","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jddst.2020.101687","volume":"57","author":"F Vakhshiteh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vakhshiteh F, Khabazian E, Atyabi F, Ostad SN, Madjd Z, Dinarvand R. Peptide-conjugated liposomes for targeted miR-34a delivery to suppress breast cancer and cancer stem-like population. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol. 2020;57:101687.","journal-title":"J Drug Deliv Sci Technol"},{"key":"4937_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-15-2321","volume":"76","author":"BD Adams","year":"2016","unstructured":"Adams BD, Wali VB, Cheng CJ, Inukai S, Booth CJ, Agarwal S, et al. MiR-34a silences c-SRC to attenuate tumor growth in triple-negative breast cancer. Cancer Res. 2016;76:927\u201339.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"4937_CR38","first-page":"1667","volume":"10","author":"J Luo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Luo J, Li C, Chen J, Wang G, Gao R, Gu Z. An efficient method for in vitro gene delivery via regulation of cellular endocytosis pathway. Int J Nanomed. 2015;10:1667\u201378.","journal-title":"Int J Nanomed"},{"key":"4937_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1006304","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.1006304","volume":"13","author":"S Thakur","year":"2022","unstructured":"Thakur S, Sinhari A, Jain P, Jadhav HR. A perspective on oligonucleotide therapy: approaches to patient customization. Front Pharmacol. 2022;13:1006304.","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"4937_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1913","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.12358","volume":"18","author":"S-Y Cui","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cui S-Y, Wang R, Chen L-B. MicroRNA-145: a potent tumour suppressor that regulates multiple cellular pathways. J Cell Mol Med. 2014;18:1913\u201326.","journal-title":"J Cell Mol Med"},{"key":"4937_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36642","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.7b12233","volume":"9","author":"Q Yao","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yao Q, Choi JH, Dai Z, Wang J, Kim D, Tang X, et al. Improving tumor specificity and anticancer activity of dasatinib by dual-targeted polymeric micelles. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2017;9:36642\u201354.","journal-title":"ACS Appl Mater Interfaces"},{"key":"4937_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-024-02590-6","volume":"22","author":"L-M Cao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cao L-M, Yu Y-F, Li Z-Z, Zhong N-N, Wang G-R, Xiao Y, et al. Adjuvants for cancer mRNA vaccines in the era of nanotechnology: strategies, applications, and future directions. J Nanobiotechnol. 2024;22:308.","journal-title":"J Nanobiotechnol"},{"key":"4937_CR43","first-page":"213","volume":"2","author":"A Bhardwaj","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bhardwaj A, Singh S, Singh AP. MicroRNA-based cancer therapeutics: big hope from small RNAs. Mol Cell Pharmacol. 2010;2:213\u20139.","journal-title":"Mol Cell Pharmacol"},{"key":"4937_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.20892\/j.issn.2095-3941.2021.0294","volume":"18","author":"N Arghiani","year":"2021","unstructured":"Arghiani N, Shah K. Modulating microRNAs in cancer: next-generation therapies. Cancer Biol Med. 2021;18:1.","journal-title":"Cancer Biol Med"},{"key":"4937_CR45","unstructured":"National Cancer Institute. miRNA-10b antagomir iron oxide dextran-based nanoparticle TTX-MC138 [Internet]. Available from: https:\/\/www.cancer.gov\/publications\/dictionaries\/cancer-drug\/def\/microrna-10b-antagomir-iron-oxide-dextran-based-nanoparticle-ttx-mc138"},{"key":"4937_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153303382311852","DOI":"10.1177\/15330338231185284","volume":"22","author":"S Muthamilselvan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Muthamilselvan S, Ramasami Sundhar Baabu P, Palaniappan A. Microfluidics for profiling miRNA biomarker panels in AI-assisted cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2023;22:15330338231185284.","journal-title":"Technol Cancer Res Treat"},{"key":"4937_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.3390\/bios14070356","volume":"14","author":"T Wasilewski","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wasilewski T, Kamysz W, G\u0119bicki J. AI-assisted detection of biomarkers by sensors and biosensors for early diagnosis and monitoring. Biosensors. 2024;14:356.","journal-title":"Biosensors"},{"key":"4937_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpt.2024.11.002","volume":"3","author":"VC Deivayanai","year":"2025","unstructured":"Deivayanai VC, Thamarai P, Karishma S, Saravanan A, Yaashikaa PR, Vickram AS, et al. Advances in nanoparticle-mediated cancer therapeutics: current research and future perspectives. Cancer Pathog Ther. 2025;3:293\u2013308.","journal-title":"Cancer Pathog Ther"},{"key":"4937_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33621","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.16834","volume":"8","author":"Q Li","year":"2017","unstructured":"Li Q, Xia X, Ji J, Ma J, Tao L, Mo L, et al. MiR-199a-3p enhances cisplatin sensitivity of cholangiocarcinoma cells by inhibiting mTOR signaling pathway and expression of MDR1. Oncotarget. 2017;8:33621\u201330.","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"4937_CR50","first-page":"3078","volume":"18","author":"C Zhou","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhou C, Zhao L, Wang K, Qi Q, Wang M, Yang L, et al. MicroRNA-146a inhibits NF-\u03baB activation and pro-inflammatory cytokine production by regulating IRAK1 expression in THP-1 cells. Exp Ther Med. 2019;18:3078\u201384.","journal-title":"Exp Ther Med"},{"key":"4937_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14910","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.C800074200","volume":"283","author":"M Korpal","year":"2008","unstructured":"Korpal M, Lee ES, Hu G, Kang Y. The miR-200 family inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cancer cell migration by direct targeting of E-cadherin transcriptional repressors ZEB1 and ZEB2. J Biol Chem. 2008;283:14910\u20134.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"4937_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1038\/s41420-022-00948-z","volume":"8","author":"X Lin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lin X, Wu W, Ying Y, Luo J, Xu X, Zheng L, et al. MicroRNA-31: a pivotal oncogenic factor in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Cell Death Discov. 2022;8:140.","journal-title":"Cell Death Discov"},{"key":"4937_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2019.10.007","volume":"313","author":"SWL Lee","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lee SWL, Paoletti C, Campisi M, Osaki T, Adriani G, Kamm RD, et al. MicroRNA delivery through nanoparticles. J Control Release. 2019;313:80\u201395.","journal-title":"J Control Release"},{"key":"4937_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-021-00899-0","volume":"19","author":"E Royo-Rubio","year":"2021","unstructured":"Royo-Rubio E, Rodr\u00edguez-Izquierdo I, Moreno-Domene M, Lozano-Cruz T, de la Mata FJ, G\u00f3mez R, et al. Promising PEGylated cationic dendrimers for delivery of miRNAs as a possible therapy against HIV-1 infection. J Nanobiotechnol. 2021;19:158.","journal-title":"J Nanobiotechnol"},{"key":"4937_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1021\/accountsmr.1c00272","volume":"3","author":"J Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen J, Zhu D, Liu X, Peng L. Amphiphilic dendrimer vectors for RNA delivery: state-of-the-art and future perspective. Acc Mater Res. 2022;3:484\u201397.","journal-title":"Acc Mater Res"},{"key":"4937_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104837","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemphyslip.2019.104837","volume":"226","author":"M Scheideler","year":"2020","unstructured":"Scheideler M, Vidakovic I, Prassl R. Lipid nanocarriers for microRNA delivery. Chem Phys Lipids. 2020;226:104837.","journal-title":"Chem Phys Lipids"},{"key":"4937_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1208547","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2023.1208547","volume":"11","author":"LA Bravo-V\u00e1zquez","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bravo-V\u00e1zquez LA, M\u00e9ndez-Garc\u00eda A, Rodr\u00edguez AL, Sahare P, Pathak S, Banerjee A, et al. Applications of nanotechnologies for miRNA-based cancer therapeutics: current advances and future perspectives. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2023;11:1208547.","journal-title":"Front Bioeng Biotechnol"},{"key":"4937_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1901","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics13111901","volume":"13","author":"FC Moraes","year":"2021","unstructured":"Moraes FC, Pichon C, Letourneur D, Chaubet F. MiRNA delivery by nanosystems: state of the art and perspectives. Pharmaceutics. 2021;13:1901.","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"}],"container-title":["Discover Nano"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s11671-026-04937-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s11671-026-04937-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s11671-026-04937-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T10:03:39Z","timestamp":1789985019000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s11671-026-04937-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4937"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s11671-026-04937-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["2731-9229"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2731-9229","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 May 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 September 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 September 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent to publish","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"456"}}