{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T20:58:05Z","timestamp":1778705885991,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,19]],"date-time":"2019-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1566172800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,19]],"date-time":"2019-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1566172800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008914","name":"Ontario Brain Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["POND"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POND"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008914","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Neurodevelop Disord"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s11689-019-9280-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,19]],"date-time":"2019-08-19T13:02:39Z","timestamp":1566219759000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Magnetoencephalographic (MEG) brain activity during a mental flexibility task suggests some shared neurobiology in children with neurodevelopmental disorders"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Mogadam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne E.","family":"Keller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul D.","family":"Arnold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Russell","family":"Schachar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jason P.","family":"Lerch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Evdokia","family":"Anagnostou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5541-3329","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth W.","family":"Pang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"9280_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders [Internet]. Fifth Edition: American Psychiatric Association; 2013.","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"9280_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bishop D, Rutter M. Neurodevelopmental disorders: conceptual issues. In: Rutter\u2019s child and adolescent psychiatry. 5th ed. Hoboken: Blackwell Publishing Inc; 2008. p. 32\u201341.","DOI":"10.1002\/9781444300895.ch3"},{"key":"9280_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Multiaxial classification of child and adolescent psychiatric disorders: the ICD-10 classification of mental and behavioral disorders in children and adolescents. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 1996.","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511983757"},{"issue":"7","key":"9280_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-006-0123-0","volume":"36","author":"Ovsanna T. Leyfer","year":"2006","unstructured":"Leyfer OT, Folstein SE, Bacalman S, Davis NO, Dinh E, Morgan J, et al. Comorbid psychiatric disorders in children with autism: interview development and rates of disorders. J Autism Dev Disord. 2006;36(7):849\u201361.","journal-title":"Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders"},{"key":"9280_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gazzellone MJ, Zarrei M, Burton CL, Walker S, Uddin M, Shaheen SM, et al. Uncovering obsessive-compulsive disorder risk genes in a pediatric cohort by high-resolution analysis of copy number variation. J Neurodev Disord. 2016;8:\u201336. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s11689-016-9170-9 .","DOI":"10.1186\/s11689-016-9170-9"},{"issue":"95","key":"9280_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95ra75","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3002464","volume":"3","author":"A. C. Lionel","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lionel AC, Crosbie J, Barbosa N, Goodale T, Thiruvahindrapuram B, Rickaby J, et al. Rare copy number variation discovery and cross-disorder comparisons identify risk genes for ADHD. Sci Transl Med. 2011;3(95):95ra75.","journal-title":"Science Translational Medicine"},{"issue":"10","key":"9280_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2752","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddt669","volume":"23","author":"AC Lionel","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lionel AC, Tammimies K, Vaags AK, Rosenfeld JA, Ahn JW, Merico D, et al. Disruption of the ASTN2\/TRIM32 locus at 9q33.1 is a risk factor in males for autism spectrum disorders, ADHD and other neurodevelopmental phenotypes. Hum Mol Genet. 2014;23(10):2752\u201368. Available from: https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/hmg\/article\/23\/10\/2752\/615766\/Disruption-of-the-ASTN2-TRIM32-locus-at-9q33-1-is .","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"issue":"12","key":"9280_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2016.15111435","volume":"173","author":"SH Ameis","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ameis SH, Lerch JP, Taylor MJ, Lee W, Viviano JD, Pipitone J, et al. A diffusion tensor imaging study in children with ADHD, autism spectrum disorder, OCD, and matched controls: distinct and non-distinct white matter disruption and dimensional brain-behavior relationships. Am J Psychiatry. 2016;173(12):1213\u201322.","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"9280_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2015.03.016","volume":"54","author":"DA Baribeau","year":"2015","unstructured":"Baribeau DA, Doyle-Thomas KAR, Dupuis A, Iaboni A, Crosbie J, McGinn H, et al. Examining and comparing social perception abilities across childhood-onset neurodevelopmental disorders. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2015;54(6):479\u201386 e1.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"issue":"12","key":"9280_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2385","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn_a_00286","volume":"24","author":"DJN Armbruster","year":"2012","unstructured":"Armbruster DJN, Ueltzh\u00f6ffer K, Basten U, Fiebach CJ. Prefrontal cortical mechanisms underlying individual differences in cognitive flexibility and stability. J Cogn Neurosci. 2012;24(12):2385\u201399.","journal-title":"J Cogn Neurosci"},{"issue":"9","key":"9280_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2015.07.003","volume":"38","author":"DR Dajani","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dajani DR, Uddin LQ. Demystifying cognitive flexibility: implications for clinical and developmental neuroscience. Trends Neurosci. 2015;38(9):571\u20138.","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"9280_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.21199","volume":"33","author":"C Kim","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kim C, Cilles SE, Johnson NF, Gold BT. Domain general and domain preferential brain regions associated with different types of task switching: a meta-analysis. Hum Brain Mapp. 2012;33(1):130\u201342. Available from: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3421461\/ .","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"issue":"2","key":"9280_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.3758\/s13415-011-0083-5","volume":"12","author":"Tara A. Niendam","year":"2012","unstructured":"Niendam TA, Laird AR, Ray KL, Dean YM, Glahn DC, Carter CS. Meta-analytic evidence for a superordinate cognitive control network subserving diverse executive functions. Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci. 2012;12(2):241\u201368.","journal-title":"Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience"},{"key":"9280_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mogadam A, Keller AE, Taylor MJ, Lerch JP, Anagnostou E, Pang EW. Mental flexibility: an MEG investigation in typically developing children. Brain Cogn. 2017. Available from: http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0278262617301197 .","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandc.2017.10.001"},{"key":"9280_CR15","first-page":"785","volume":"7","author":"SM Doesburg","year":"2013","unstructured":"Doesburg SM, Vidal J, Taylor MJ. Reduced theta connectivity during set-shifting in children with autism. Front Hum Neurosci. 2013;7:785.","journal-title":"Front Hum Neurosci"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"9280_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucli.2011.08.002","volume":"42","author":"M.J. Taylor","year":"2012","unstructured":"Taylor MJ, Donner EJ, Pang EW. fMRI and MEG in the study of typical and atypical cognitive development. Neurophysiol Clin Neurophysiol. 2012;42(1\u20132):19\u201325.","journal-title":"Neurophysiologie Clinique\/Clinical Neurophysiology"},{"key":"9280_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Velazquez JLP, Barcelo F, Hung Y, Leshchenko Y, Nenadovic V, Belkas J, et al. Decreased brain coordinated activity in autism spectrum disorders during executive tasks: reduced long-range synchronization in the fronto-parietal networks. Int J Psychophysiol. 2009;73(3):341\u20139.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2009.05.009"},{"issue":"10","key":"9280_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e916","DOI":"10.1038\/tp.2016.161","volume":"6","author":"A-M D\u2019Cruz","year":"2016","unstructured":"D\u2019Cruz A-M, Mosconi MW, Ragozzino ME, Cook EH, Sweeney JA. Alterations in the functional neural circuitry supporting flexible choice behavior in autism spectrum disorders. Transl Psychiatry. 2016;6(10):e916. Available from: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5315543\/ .","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"key":"9280_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rubia K, Cubillo A, Smith AB, Woolley J, Heyman I, Brammer MJ. Disorder-specific dysfunction in right inferior prefrontal cortex during two inhibition tasks in boys with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder compared to boys with obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder. Hum Brain Mapp. 2010;31(2):287\u201399.","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20864"},{"issue":"12","key":"9280_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1823","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20975","volume":"31","author":"K Rubia","year":"2010","unstructured":"Rubia K, Halari R, Cubillo A, Mohammad A-M, Scott S, Brammer M. Disorder-specific inferior prefrontal hypofunction in boys with pure attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder compared to boys with pure conduct disorder during cognitive flexibility. Hum Brain Mapp. 2010;31(12):1823\u201333.","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"issue":"6","key":"9280_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1044","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.2006.163.6.1044","volume":"163","author":"Anna B. Smith","year":"2006","unstructured":"Smith AB, Taylor E, Brammer M, Toone B, Rubia K. Task-specific hypoactivation in prefrontal and temporoparietal brain regions during motor inhibition and task switching in medication-naive children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 2006;163(6):1044\u201351.","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"9","key":"9280_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2010.05.006","volume":"49","author":"JC Britton","year":"2010","unstructured":"Britton JC, Rauch SL, Rosso IM, Killgore WDS, Price LM, Ragan J, et al. Cognitive inflexibility and frontal-cortical activation in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2010;49(9):944\u201353.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"9280_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"vii","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780195307238.001.0001","volume-title":"MEG: an introduction to methods","author":"PC Hansen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hansen PC, Kringelbach ML, Salmelin R. Introduction. In: Hansen P, Kringelbach ML, Salmelin R, editors. MEG: an introduction to methods. Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press; 2010. p. vii\u2013x."},{"issue":"2","key":"9280_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.11.074","volume":"61","author":"R Hari","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hari R, Salmelin R. Magnetoencephalography: from SQUIDs to neuroscience: Neuroimage 20th anniversary special edition. NeuroImage. 2012;61(2):386\u201396.","journal-title":"NeuroImage."},{"issue":"9","key":"9280_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2815","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhu082","volume":"25","author":"B Mi\u0161i\u0107","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mi\u0161i\u0107 B, Doesburg SM, Fatima Z, Vidal J, Vakorin VA, Taylor MJ, et al. Coordinated information generation and mental flexibility: large-scale network disruption in children with autism. Cereb Cortex. 2015;25(9):2815\u201327.","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"issue":"5","key":"9280_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1177\/070674370605100508","volume":"51","author":"A Ickowicz","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ickowicz A, Schachar RJ, Sugarman R, Chen SX, Millette C, Cook L. The parent interview for child symptoms: a situation-specific clinical research interview for attention-deficit hyperactivity and related disorders. Can J Psychiatry. 2006;51(5):325\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/070674370605100508 .","journal-title":"Can J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"9280_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199706000-00023","volume":"36","author":"LAWRENCE SCAHILL","year":"1997","unstructured":"Scahill L, Riddle MA, McSwiggin-Hardin M, Ort SI, King RA, Goodman WK, et al. Children\u2019s Yale-Brown obsessive compulsive scale: reliability and validity. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1997;36(6):844\u201352.","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"9280_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005596502855","volume":"30","author":"JW Bodfish","year":"2000","unstructured":"Bodfish JW, Symons FJ, Parker DE, Lewis MH. Varieties of repetitive behavior in autism: comparisons to mental retardation. J Autism Dev Disord. 2000;30(3):237\u201343.","journal-title":"J Autism Dev Disord"},{"key":"9280_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bodfish JW, Symons FJ, Lewis MH. The Repetitive Behavior Scale: a test manual. Morganton: Western Carolina Center Research Reports; 1999.","DOI":"10.1037\/t17338-000"},{"issue":"3","key":"9280_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005592401947","volume":"30","author":"C Lord","year":"2000","unstructured":"Lord C, Risi S, Lambrecht L, Cook EH, Leventhal BL, DiLavore PC, et al. The Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule\u2014Generic: a standard measure of social and communication deficits associated with the spectrum of autism. J Autism Dev Disord. 2000;30(3):205\u201323.","journal-title":"J Autism Dev Disord"},{"issue":"5","key":"9280_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02172145","volume":"24","author":"Catherine Lord","year":"1994","unstructured":"Lord C, Rutter M, Couteur AL. Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised: a revised version of a diagnostic interview for caregivers of individuals with possible pervasive developmental disorders. J Autism Dev Disord. 1994;24(5):659\u201385.","journal-title":"Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders"},{"issue":"4","key":"9280_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310-318.e4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2016.01.008","volume":"55","author":"Laura S. Park","year":"2016","unstructured":"Park LS, Burton CL, Dupuis A, Shan J, Storch EA, Crosbie J, et al. The Toronto Obsessive-Compulsive Scale: psychometrics of a dimensional measure of obsessive-compulsive traits. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2016;55(4):310\u20138 e4.","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"9280_CR33","first-page":"51","volume":"10","author":"JM Swanson","year":"2012","unstructured":"Swanson JM, Schuck S, Porter MM, Carlson C, Hartman CA, Sergeant JA, et al. Categorical and dimensional definitions and evaluations of symptoms of ADHD: history of the SNAP and the SWAN Rating Scales. Int J Educ Psychol Assess. 2012;10(1):51\u201370. Available from: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4618695\/ .","journal-title":"Int J Educ Psychol Assess"},{"key":"9280_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandc.2014.02.006","volume":"86","author":"A Oh","year":"2014","unstructured":"Oh A, Vidal J, Taylor MJ, Pang EW. Neuromagnetic correlates of intra- and extra-dimensional set-shifting. Brain Cogn. 2014;86:90\u20137.","journal-title":"Brain Cogn"},{"key":"9280_CR35","unstructured":"Statistical Parametric Mapping. London: Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging. 2014."},{"key":"9280_CR36","first-page":"e156869","volume":"2011","author":"R Oostenveld","year":"2010","unstructured":"Oostenveld R, Fries P, Maris E, Schoffelen J-M. FieldTrip: open source software for advanced analysis of MEG, EEG, and invasive electrophysiological data. Comput Intell Neurosci. 2010;2011:e156869. Available from: https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/cin\/2011\/156869\/abs\/ .","journal-title":"Comput Intell Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"9280_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2003.10.009","volume":"134","author":"Arnaud Delorme","year":"2004","unstructured":"Delorme A, Makeig S. EEGLAB: an open source toolbox for analysis of single-trial EEG dynamics including independent component analysis. J Neurosci Methods. 2004;134(1):9\u201321.","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience Methods"},{"issue":"3","key":"9280_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2007.01.016","volume":"35","author":"Natasa Kovacevic","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kovacevic N, McIntosh AR. Groupwise independent component decomposition of EEG data and partial least square analysis. NeuroImage. 2007;35(3):1103\u201312.","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"9","key":"9280_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20214","volume":"27","author":"Karl Friston","year":"2006","unstructured":"Friston K, Henson R, Phillips C, Mattout J. Bayesian estimation of evoked and induced responses. Hum Brain Mapp. 2006;27(9):722\u201335.","journal-title":"Human Brain Mapping"},{"issue":"3","key":"9280_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2005.10.037","volume":"30","author":"J\u00e9r\u00e9mie Mattout","year":"2006","unstructured":"Mattout J, Phillips C, Penny WD, Rugg MD, Friston KJ. MEG source localization under multiple constraints: an extended Bayesian framework. NeuroImage. 2006;30(3):753\u201367.","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"4","key":"9280_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0120991","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0120991","volume":"10","author":"Matthew J. Brookes","year":"2015","unstructured":"Brookes MJ, Hall EL, Robson SE, Price D, Palaniyappan L, Liddle EB, et al. Complexity measures in magnetoencephalography: measuring \u201cdisorder\u201d in schizophrenia. PLOS ONE. 2015;10(4):e0120991. Available from: http:\/\/journals.plos.org\/plosone\/article?id=10.1371\/journal.pone.0120991 .","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"issue":"7","key":"9280_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.2007.19.7.1081","volume":"19","author":"Chris Rorden","year":"2007","unstructured":"Rorden C, Karnath H-O, Bonilha L. Improving lesion-symptom mapping. J Cogn Neurosci. 2007;19(7):1081\u20138.","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"key":"9280_CR43","first-page":"843","volume-title":"Human brain function","author":"WD Penny","year":"2003","unstructured":"Penny WD, Holmes AP, Friston KJ. Random effects analysis. In: Human brain function. 2nd ed; 2003. p. 843\u201350.","edition":"2"},{"issue":"21","key":"9280_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8174","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0402680101","volume":"101","author":"N. Gogtay","year":"2004","unstructured":"Gogtay N, Giedd JN, Lusk L, Hayashi KM, Greenstein D, Vaituzis AC, et al. Dynamic mapping of human cortical development during childhood through early adulthood. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004;101(21):8174\u20139. Available from: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC419576\/ .","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"},{"issue":"3","key":"9280_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1008","volume":"6","author":"Elizabeth R. Sowell","year":"2003","unstructured":"Sowell ER, Peterson BS, Thompson PM, Welcome SE, Henkenius AL, Toga AW. Mapping cortical change across the human life span. Nat Neurosci. 2003;6(3):309\u201315.","journal-title":"Nature Neuroscience"},{"issue":"2","key":"9280_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(01)00583-9","volume":"33","author":"SA Bunge","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bunge SA, Dudukovic NM, Thomason ME, Vaidya CJ, Gabrieli JDE. Immature frontal lobe contributions to cognitive control in children. Neuron. 2002;33(2):301\u201311. Available from: http:\/\/www.cell.com\/neuron\/abstract\/S0896-6273(01)00583-9 .","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"2","key":"9280_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2005.03.012","volume":"15","author":"BJ Casey","year":"2005","unstructured":"Casey BJ, Galvan A, Hare TA. Changes in cerebral functional organization during cognitive development. Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2005;15(2):239\u201344.","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Neurobiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"9280_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.3758\/CABN.8.2.165","volume":"8","author":"Eveline A. Crone","year":"2008","unstructured":"Crone EA, Zanolie K, Leijenhorst LV, Westenberg PM, Rombouts SARB. Neural mechanisms supporting flexible performance adjustment during development. Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci. 2008;8(2):165\u201377. Available from: http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.3758\/CABN.8.2.165 .","journal-title":"Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience"},{"issue":"12","key":"9280_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20237","volume":"27","author":"K Rubia","year":"2006","unstructured":"Rubia K, Smith AB, Woolley J, Nosarti C, Heyman I, Taylor E, et al. Progressive increase of frontostriatal brain activation from childhood to adulthood during event-related tasks of cognitive control. Hum Brain Mapp. 2006;27(12):973\u201393.","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"issue":"1","key":"9280_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2004.00337.x","volume":"46","author":"James R. Booth","year":"2005","unstructured":"Booth JR, Burman DD, Meyer JR, Lei Z, Trommer BL, Davenport ND, et al. Larger deficits in brain networks for response inhibition than for visual selective attention in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2005;46(1):94\u2013111.","journal-title":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry"},{"issue":"10","key":"9280_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1177\/070674370905401002","volume":"54","author":"MV Cherkasova","year":"2009","unstructured":"Cherkasova MV, Hechtman L. Neuroimaging in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: beyond the frontostriatal circuitry. Can J Psychiatry Rev Can Psychiatr. 2009;54(10):651\u201364.","journal-title":"Can J Psychiatry Rev Can Psychiatr"},{"issue":"10","key":"9280_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2009.11.016","volume":"44","author":"Ana Cubillo","year":"2010","unstructured":"Cubillo A, Halari R, Ecker C, Giampietro V, Taylor E, Rubia K. Reduced activation and inter-regional functional connectivity of fronto-striatal networks in adults with childhood attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and persisting symptoms during tasks of motor inhibition and cognitive switching. J Psychiatr Res. 2010;44(10):629\u201339.","journal-title":"Journal of Psychiatric Research"},{"issue":"10","key":"9280_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2006.01671.x","volume":"47","author":"SG Dickstein","year":"2006","unstructured":"Dickstein SG, Bannon K, Castellanos FX, Milham MP. The neural correlates of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: an ALE meta-analysis. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2006;47(10):1051\u201362.","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"9280_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.156.6.891","volume":"156","author":"Katya Rubia","year":"1999","unstructured":"Rubia K, Overmeyer S, Taylor E, Brammer M, Williams SCR, Simmons A, et al. Hypofrontality in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder during higher-order motor control: a study with functional MRI. Am J Psychiatry. 1999;156(6):891\u20136.","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"11","key":"9280_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2010.08.018","volume":"68","author":"KD Fitzgerald","year":"2010","unstructured":"Fitzgerald KD, Stern ER, Angstadt M, Nicholson-Muth KC, Maynor MR, Welsh RC, et al. Altered function and connectivity of the medial frontal cortex in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder. Biol Psychiatry. 2010;68(11):1039\u201347.","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"7","key":"9280_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1996.01830070021006","volume":"53","author":"Elizabeth H. Aylward","year":"1996","unstructured":"Aylward EH, Harris GJ, Hoehn-Saric R, Barta PE, Machlin SR, Pearlson GD. Normal caudate nucleus in obsessive-compulsive disorder assessed by quantitative neuroimaging. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1996;53(7):577\u201384.","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"9280_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2007.09.005","volume":"32","author":"Lara Menzies","year":"2008","unstructured":"Menzies L, Chamberlain SR, Laird AR, Thelen SM, Sahakian BJ, Bullmore ET. Integrating evidence from neuroimaging and neuropsychological studies of obsessive-compulsive disorder: the orbitofronto-striatal model revisited. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2008;32(3):525\u201349.","journal-title":"Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews"},{"issue":"5887","key":"9280_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1154433","volume":"321","author":"SR Chamberlain","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chamberlain SR, Menzies L, Hampshire A, Suckling J, Fineberg NA, del Campo N, et al. Orbitofrontal dysfunction in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder and their unaffected relatives. Science. 2008;321(5887):421\u20132.","journal-title":"Science."},{"issue":"1","key":"9280_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awm277","volume":"131","author":"B-M Gu","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gu B-M, Park J-Y, Kang D-H, Lee SJ, Yoo SY, Jo HJ, et al. Neural correlates of cognitive inflexibility during task-switching in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Brain. 2008;131(1):155\u201364 Available from: http:\/\/brain.oxfordjournals.org\/content\/131\/1\/155 .","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"1","key":"9280_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2005.06.007","volume":"59","author":"Nicole Schmitz","year":"2006","unstructured":"Schmitz N, Rubia K, Daly E, Smith A, Williams S, Murphy DGM. Neural correlates of executive function in autistic spectrum disorders. Biol Psychiatry. 2006;59(1):7\u201316.","journal-title":"Biological Psychiatry"},{"issue":"11","key":"9280_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(15)00050-2","volume":"14","author":"Christine Ecker","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ecker C, Bookheimer SY, Murphy DGM. Neuroimaging in autism spectrum disorder: brain structure and function across the lifespan. Lancet Neurol. 2015;14(11):1121\u201334.","journal-title":"The Lancet Neurology"},{"issue":"3","key":"9280_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2013.10.003","volume":"5","author":"CL Keown","year":"2013","unstructured":"Keown CL, Shih P, Nair A, Peterson N, Mulvey ME, M\u00fcller R-A. Local functional overconnectivity in posterior brain regions is associated with symptom severity in autism spectrum disorders. Cell Rep. 2013;5(3):567\u201372. Available from: http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S221112471300572X .","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"9280_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maximo JO, Keown CL, Nair A, M\u00fcller R-A. Approaches to local connectivity in autism using resting state functional connectivity MRI. Front Hum Neurosci. 2013;7. Available from: http:\/\/journal.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fnhum.2013.00605\/full .","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2013.00605"},{"key":"9280_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zeeland AAS-V, Abrahams BS, Alvarez-Retuerto AI, Sonnenblick LI, Rudie JD, Ghahremani D, et al. Altered functional connectivity in frontal lobe circuits is associated with variation in the autism risk gene CNTNAP2. Sci Transl Med. 2010;2(56):56ra80.","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3001344"},{"issue":"2","key":"9280_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1037\/a0031721","volume":"27","author":"A-M D\u2019Cruz","year":"2013","unstructured":"D\u2019Cruz A-M, Ragozzino ME, Mosconi MW, Shrestha S, Cook EH, Sweeney JA. Reduced behavioral flexibility in autism spectrum disorders. Neuropsychology. 2013;27(2):152\u201360.","journal-title":"Neuropsychology."},{"issue":"3","key":"9280_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-014-2244-1","volume":"45","author":"HL Miller","year":"2015","unstructured":"Miller HL, Ragozzino ME, Cook EH, Sweeney JA, Mosconi MW. Cognitive set shifting deficits and their relationship to repetitive behaviors in autism spectrum disorder. J Autism Dev Disord. 2015;45(3):805\u201315.","journal-title":"J Autism Dev Disord"},{"issue":"1","key":"9280_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2016.18.1\/shaber","volume":"18","author":"SN Haber","year":"2016","unstructured":"Haber SN. Corticostriatal circuitry. Dialogues Clin Neurosci. 2016;18(1):7\u201321. Available from: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4826773\/ .","journal-title":"Dialogues Clin Neurosci"},{"issue":"2","key":"9280_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1006\/brcg.1999.1099","volume":"42","author":"Frank A. Middleton","year":"2000","unstructured":"Middleton FA, Strick PL. Basal ganglia output and cognition: evidence from anatomical, behavioral, and clinical studies. Brain Cogn. 2000;42(2):183\u2013200.","journal-title":"Brain and Cognition"},{"issue":"3","key":"9280_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2010.02.005","volume":"35","author":"Marieke Langen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Langen M, Durston S, Kas MJH, van Engeland H, Staal WG. The neurobiology of repetitive behavior: \u2026 and men. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2011;35(3):356\u201365.","journal-title":"Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews"},{"issue":"9","key":"9280_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3865","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2636-14.2015","volume":"35","author":"K Jarbo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jarbo K, Verstynen TD. Converging structural and functional connectivity of orbitofrontal, dorsolateral prefrontal, and posterior parietal cortex in the human striatum. J Neurosci. 2015;35(9):3865\u201378.","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"9280_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ne.09.030186.002041","volume":"9","author":"GE Alexander","year":"1986","unstructured":"Alexander GE, DeLong MR, Strick PL. Parallel organization of functionally segregated circuits linking basal ganglia and cortex. Annu Rev Neurosci. 1986;9(1):357\u201381. Available from: https:\/\/www.annualreviews.org\/doi\/10.1146\/annurev.ne.09.030186.002041 .","journal-title":"Annu Rev Neurosci"},{"issue":"5","key":"9280_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1177\/0145445505279380","volume":"29","author":"DC Osmon","year":"2005","unstructured":"Osmon DC, Smerz JM. Neuropsychological evaluation in the diagnosis and treatment of Tourette\u2019s syndrome. Behav Modif. 2005;29(5):746\u201383.","journal-title":"Behav Modif"},{"issue":"3","key":"9280_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2005.03.040","volume":"58","author":"Eric Hollander","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hollander E, Anagnostou E, Chaplin W, Esposito K, Haznedar MM, Licalzi E, et al. Striatal volume on magnetic resonance imaging and repetitive behaviors in autism. Biol Psychiatry. 2005;58(3):226\u201332.","journal-title":"Biological Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"9280_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2013.08.013","volume":"76","author":"Marieke Langen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Langen M, Bos D, Noordermeer SDS, Nederveen H, van Engeland H, Durston S. Changes in the development of striatum are involved in repetitive behavior in autism. Biol Psychiatry. 2014;76(5):405\u201311.","journal-title":"Biological Psychiatry"},{"key":"9280_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-6-56","volume":"6","author":"DC Rojas","year":"2006","unstructured":"Rojas DC, Peterson E, Winterrowd E, Reite ML, Rogers SJ, Tregellas JR. Regional gray matter volumetric changes in autism associated with social and repetitive behavior symptoms. BMC Psychiatry. 2006;6:56. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-244X-6-56 .","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"9280_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291715002767","volume":"46","author":"H.-L. Chiang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chiang H-L, Chen Y-J, Shang C-Y, Tseng W-YI, Gau SS-F. Different neural substrates for executive functions in youths with ADHD: a diffusion spectrum imaging tractography study. Psychol Med Camb. 2016;46(6):1225\u201338.","journal-title":"Psychological Medicine"},{"key":"9280_CR77","first-page":"1","volume":"26","author":"SEA Akkermans","year":"2018","unstructured":"Akkermans SEA, Rheinheimer N, Bruchhage MMK, Durston S, Brandeis D, Banaschewski T, et al. Frontostriatal functional connectivity correlates with repetitive behaviour across autism spectrum disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Psychol Med. 2018;26:1\u20139.","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"9280_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.08.009","volume":"81","author":"MM Vaghi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Vaghi MM, V\u00e9rtes PE, Kitzbichler MG, Apergis-Schoute AM, van der Flier FE, Fineberg NA, et al. Specific frontostriatal circuits for impaired cognitive flexibility and goal-directed planning in obsessive-compulsive disorder: evidence from resting-state functional connectivity. Biol Psychiatry. 2017;81(8):708\u201317.","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"9280_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2014.02.001","volume":"94","author":"S Jacquemont","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jacquemont S, Coe BP, Hersch M, Duyzend MH, Krumm N, Bergmann S, et al. A higher mutational burden in females supports a \u201cfemale protective model\u201d in neurodevelopmental disorders. Am J Hum Genet. 2014;94(3):415\u201325. Available from: http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0002929714000597 .","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"issue":"1","key":"9280_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2009.09020249","volume":"167","author":"Eve M Valera","year":"2010","unstructured":"Valera EM, Brown A, Biederman J, Faraone SV, Makris N, Monuteaux MC, et al. Sex differences in the functional neuroanatomy of working memory in adults with ADHD. Am J Psychiatry. 2010;167(1):86\u201394.","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"9280_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0b013e32835ee548","volume":"26","author":"Donna M. Werling","year":"2013","unstructured":"Werling DM, Geschwind DH. Sex differences in autism spectrum disorders. Curr Opin Neurol Curr Opin Neurol. 2013;26(2):146\u201353.","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Neurology"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s11689-019-9280-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s11689-019-9280-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s11689-019-9280-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,22]],"date-time":"2024-07-22T05:18:43Z","timestamp":1721625523000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jneurodevdisorders.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s11689-019-9280-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,19]]},"references-count":81,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}},"alternative-id":["9280"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s11689-019-9280-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1866-1947","1866-1955"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1866-1947","type":"print"},{"value":"1866-1955","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 October 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 July 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 August 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The study was approved by the SickKids Research Ethics Board, and informed written consent and verbal assent were obtained from parents and children, respectively.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"All authors approve the publication of this manuscript.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"Russell Schachar provides consultation to Highland Therapeutics\/Ironshore Pharmaceuticals, has stock in ehave biotechnology company and previously was a consultant to Lilly Corp and Purdue Pharma. Evdokia Anagnostou provides consultation to Roche, receives in-kind support from AMO Pharma and Clinical Research Associates, receives royalties from APPI, Springer and an honoraria from Wiley. Alexandra Mogadam, Anne E. Keller, Jason P. Lerch and Elizabeth W. Pang report no conflicts of interest.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"19"}}