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(Ranunculaceae), commonly referred to as black cumin, has a long history of usage as an herbal remedy. It has been utilized conventionally and in clinical settings to treat various illnesses. Six groups of male Wister rats were randomly selected as Gp I, represented as control; Gp II administered <jats:italic>N. sativa<\/jats:italic> aqueous extract (NSAE); 200\u00a0mg\/kg\/d, Gp III received <jats:italic>N. sativa<\/jats:italic> silver nanocomposite (NS-Ag-NC); 0.25\u00a0mg\/kg\/d; Gp IV administered thioacetamide (TAA);100\u00a0mg\/kg; thrice weekly and Gps V and VI administered NSAE and NS-Ag-NC with TAA for six weeks, respectively. Findings showed that GC-MS analysis of NSAE has a high concentration of phytochemicals with strong antioxidant activity. Results revealed that TAA administration elevated TBARS, H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, PCC, NO levels, kidney function parameters, LDH activity, and up-regulated TNF-\u03b1, IL-1\u03b2, NF-k\u03b2, and COX-2 gene expressions. In contrast, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants and ALP activity were extensively diminished. Also, severe abnormalities in lipid profile, hematological parameters, and histopathological features were noted. On the other hand, the administration of NSAE or NS-Ag-NC followed by TAA intoxication reduces renal impairment, restores the antioxidant system, and downregulates the expression of TNF-\u03b1, IL-1\u03b2, NF-k\u03b2, and COX-2 genes in rats\u2019 renal tissues. 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