{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,13]],"date-time":"2026-06-13T07:09:44Z","timestamp":1781334584975,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,29]],"date-time":"2022-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,29]],"date-time":"2022-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["496274914"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["496274914"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["496274914"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["496274914"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["496274914"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["496274914"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["497800446"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["497800446"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["497800446"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["497800446"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["01LR2102H and 13N16226"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01LR2102H and 13N16226"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["01LR2102H and 13N16226"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01LR2102H and 13N16226"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["01LR2102H and 13N16226"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01LR2102H and 13N16226"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Environ Sci Eur"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The flood event in July 2021 in the uplands of the Eifel-Ardennes mountains in Germany, Belgium and The Netherlands and their foreland was caused by heavy rainfall and resulted in one of the largest flood disasters in Western Europe for decades. Due to climate change, it can be assumed that such events will become more frequent in future. Even though such extreme flood can happen at any time, the consequences and impacts can be significantly reduced by appropriate technical and non-technical measures. However, such measures always require a comprehensive understanding and knowledge of previous events and comparable processes. Therefore, this special issue aims at collecting the scientific evaluation and its implications of the 2021 extreme summer flood. This editorial serves as an introduction for an article collection published in the journal <jats:italic>Environmental Sciences Europe<\/jats:italic>, providing an overview of the current state of integrative assessment of the 2021 summer flood in Central Europe.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12302-022-00685-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,29]],"date-time":"2022-10-29T15:04:06Z","timestamp":1667055846000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":91,"title":["Assessment of the 2021 summer flood in Central Europe"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Frank","family":"Lehmkuhl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Holger","family":"Sch\u00fcttrumpf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Schwarzbauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catrina","family":"Br\u00fcll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Dietze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Letmathe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolin","family":"V\u00f6lker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henner","family":"Hollert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"685_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4233\/uuid:3cafd772-facd-4e3a-8b1a-cee978562ff1","author":"P Korswagen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Korswagen P, Selvam H, Oetjen J, W\u00fcthrich D (2022) Post-flood field survey of the Ahr Valley (Germany): building damages and hydraulic aspects. Delft University of Technology. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4233\/uuid:3cafd772-facd-4e3a-8b1a-cee978562ff1","journal-title":"Delft University of Technology"},{"key":"685_CR2","unstructured":"Sch\u00fcttrumpf H, Birkmann J, Br\u00fcll C, Burghardt L, Johann G, Klopries E, Lehmkuhl F, Sch\u00fcttrumpf A., Wolf S (2022) Herausforderungen an den Wiederaufbau nach dem Katastrophenhochwasser 2021 in der Eifel. Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden, Institut f\u00fcr Wasserbau und technische Hydromechanik (Ed.): Nachhaltigkeit im Wasserbau - Umwelt, Transport, Energie. Dresdner Wasserbauliche Mitteilungen 68:5\u201316. https:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/20.500.11970\/108907."},{"key":"685_CR3","first-page":"43","volume":"14","author":"H Sch\u00fcttrumpf","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sch\u00fcttrumpf H, Birkmann J, Br\u00fcll C, Burghardt L, Johann G, Klopries E, Lehmkuhl F, Sch\u00fcttrumpf A, Wolf S (2022) Die Flutkatastrophe 2021 im Ahrtal und ihre Folgen f\u00fcr den zuk\u00fcnftigen Hochwasserschutz. Wasser und Brunnen 14:43\u201349","journal-title":"Wasser und Brunnen"},{"key":"685_CR4","unstructured":"Jungh\u00e4nel T, Bissolli P, Da\u00dfler J, Fleckenstein R, Imbery F, Janssen W, Kaspar F, Lengfeld K, Leppelt T, Rauthe M, Rauthe-Sch\u00f6ch A, Rocek M, Walawender E, Weigl E (2021) Hydro-klimatologische Einordnung der Stark- und Dauerniederschlage in Teilen Deutschlands im Zusammenhang mit dem Tiefdruckgebiet \"Bernd\" vom 12. bis 19. Juli 2021 [in German, Hydro-climatological classification of heavy and persistent precipitation in parts of Germany in connection with the low pressure area \"Bernd\" from 12 to 19 July 2021]. Deutscher Wetterdienst, Gesch\u00e4ftsbereich Klima und Umwelt. https:\/\/www.dwd.de\/DE\/leistungen\/besondereereignisse\/niederschlag\/20210721_bericht_starkniederschlaege_tief_bernd.html 29 Nov 2021. (in German)"},{"key":"685_CR5","unstructured":"D\u00f6scher N, Ketzler G, Leuchner M (2021) Klimatologen blicken auf die Niederschlagsextreme. Eine klimageographische Perspektive auf das Starkregenereignis vom Juli 2021. RWTH Themen. Forschungsmagazin. Hochwasser \u2013 Beitr\u00e4ge zu Risiken, Folgen und Vorsorge:18\u201327. ISSN 0179\u2013079X."},{"key":"685_CR6","unstructured":"Kreienkamp F, Philip SY, Tradowsky JS, et al (2021) Rapid attribution of heavy rainfall events leading to the severe flooding in Western Europe during July 2021. World Weather Attribution."},{"key":"685_CR7","unstructured":"Roggenkamp T, Herget J (2015) Historische Hochwasser der Ahr - Rekonstruktion von Scheitelabfl\u00fcssen ausgew\u00e4hlter Ahr-Hochwasser. Heimatjahrbuch Kreis Ahrweiler (Ed.), pp 150\u2013154."},{"issue":"1","key":"685_CR8","first-page":"40","volume":"66","author":"T Roggenkamp","year":"2022","unstructured":"Roggenkamp T, Herget J (2022) Floods of the Ahr in July 2021 - discharge estimation and classification. Hydrology and Water Management 66(1):40\u201349","journal-title":"Hydrology and Water Management"},{"key":"685_CR9","volume-title":"Water in environmental planning","author":"T Dunne","year":"1978","unstructured":"Dunne T, Leopold LB (1978) Water in environmental planning. Freeman, New York"},{"key":"685_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/egusphere-2022-7","author":"M Dietze","year":"2022","unstructured":"Dietze M, Bell R, Ozturk U, Cook KL, Andermann C, Beer AR, Damm B, Lucia A, Fauer FS, Nissen KM, Sieg T, Thieken AH (2022) More than heavy rain turning into fast-flowing water \u2013 a landscape perspective on the 2021 Eifel floods. EGUsphere. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5194\/egusphere-2022-7"},{"key":"685_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2021.126691","volume":"411","author":"S Crawford","year":"2021","unstructured":"Crawford S, Brinkmann M, Ouellet J, Lehmkuhl F, Reicherter K, Schwarzbauer J, Bellanova P, Letmathe P, Blank LM, Weber R, Brack W, van Dongen J, Menzel L, Hecker M, Sch\u00fcttrumpf H, Hollert H (2022) Remobilization of pollutants during extreme flood events poses severe risks to human and environmental health. J Hazard Mater 411:126691. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2021.126691","journal-title":"J Hazard Mater"},{"key":"685_CR12","first-page":"401","volume-title":"(2007) Sediment hydraulics and pollutant mobility in rivers","author":"H Hollert","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hollert H, Duerr M, Haag I, W\u00f6lz J, Hilscherova K, Blaha L, Gerbersdorf S (2007) Influence of hydrodynamics on sediment ecotoxicity. In: Westrich B, Foerstner U (eds) (2007) Sediment hydraulics and pollutant mobility in rivers. Springer, Heidelberg, pp 401\u2013416"},{"key":"685_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.1007\/s11368-010-0271-x","volume":"10","author":"M Brinkmann","year":"2010","unstructured":"Brinkmann M, Hudjetz S, Cofalla C, Roger S, Kammann U, Giesy JP, Hecker M, Wiseman S, Zhang X, W\u00f6lz J, Sch\u00fcttrumpf H, Hollert H (2010) A combined hydraulic and toxicological approach to assess re-suspended sediments during simulated flood events. Part I - multiple biomarkers in rainbow trout. J Soils Sediment 10:1347\u20131361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11368-010-0271-x","journal-title":"J Soils Sediment"},{"key":"685_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2012.11.010","volume":"128","author":"M Brinkmann","year":"2013","unstructured":"Brinkmann M, Hudjetz S, Kammann U, Hennig M, Kuckelkorn J, Chinoraks M, Cofalla C, Wiseman S, Giesy JP, Sch\u00e4ffer A, Hecker M, W\u00f6lz J, Sch\u00fcttrumpf H, Hollert H (2013) How flood events affect rainbow trout: evidence of a biomarker cascade in rainbow trout after exposure to PAH contaminated sediment suspensions. Aquat Toxicol 128:13\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aquatox.2012.11.010","journal-title":"Aquat Toxicol"},{"key":"685_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-008-0056-6","volume":"15","author":"J W\u00f6lz","year":"2008","unstructured":"W\u00f6lz J, Engwall M, Maletz S, Takner HO, van Bavel B, Kammann U, Klempt M, Weber R, Braunbeck T, Hollert H (2008) Changes in toxicity and Ah receptor agonist activity of suspended particulate matter during flood events at the rivers Neckar and Rhine - a mass balance approach using in vitro methods and chemical analysis. Environ Sci Pollut Res 15:536\u2013553. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11356-008-0056-6","journal-title":"Environ Sci Pollut Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"685_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.3243\/kwe2022.O7.003","volume":"15","author":"F Lehmkuhl","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lehmkuhl F, Weber A, Esser V, Schulte P, Wolf S, Sch\u00fcttrumpf H (2022) Fluviale Morphodynamik und Sedimentkontamination bei Extremereignissen: Das Juli-Hochwasser 2021 im Inde-Einzugsgebiet (Nordrhein-Westfalen). KW Korrespondenz Wasserwirtschaft 15(7):422\u2013427. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3243\/kwe2022.O7.003","journal-title":"KW Korrespondenz Wasserwirtschaft"},{"key":"685_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lehmkuhl F, Stauch G, Schulte P, Wolf S, Br\u00fcll C (2022) Enormous erosion in mining areas during the 2021 July flood in western Germany: Examples from the Inde and Erft River. EGU General Assembly 2022 Abstact: EGU22-4510. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5194\/egusphere-egu22-4510","DOI":"10.5194\/egusphere-egu22-4510"},{"key":"685_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1495-6","volume":"573","author":"G Bl\u00f6schl","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bl\u00f6schl G, Hall J, Viglione A, Perdigao R, Parajka J, Merz B, Lun D, Arheimer B, Aronica G, Bilbashi A, Boh\u00e1c M, Bonacci O, Borga M, Canjevac I, Castellarin A, Chirico G, Claps P, Frolova N, Ganora D, Liudmyla G, G\u00fcl A, Hannaford J, Harrigan S, Kireeva M, Kiss A, Kjeldsen T, Kohnov\u00e1 S, Koskela J, Ledvinka O, Macdonald N, Guirguinova M, Mediero L, Merz R, Molnar P, Montanari A, Murphy C, Osuch M, Ovcharuk V, Radevski I, Salinas J, Sauquet E, Sraj M, Szolgay J, Volpi E, Wilson D, Zaimi K, Zivkovic N (2019) Changing climate both increases and decreases European river floods. Nature 573:108\u2013111. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-019-1495-6","journal-title":"Nature"}],"container-title":["Environmental Sciences Europe"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12302-022-00685-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12302-022-00685-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12302-022-00685-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,29]],"date-time":"2022-10-29T15:04:17Z","timestamp":1667055857000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/enveurope.springeropen.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12302-022-00685-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,29]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["685"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12302-022-00685-1","relation":{"references":[{"id-type":"uri","id":"","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"ISSN":["2190-4707","2190-4715"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2190-4707","type":"print"},{"value":"2190-4715","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 September 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 September 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 October 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests. HH is Editor-in-Chief of this Journal.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"107"}}