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Rituximab was generally utilized as third-line or later treatment (uveitis: 67\/90, 74.4%; scleritis: 90\/96, 93.8%) at a mean of 33.5\u2009months following the diagnosis of uveitis (range\u2009=\u20090 to 168.0\u2009months; median\u2009=\u200924.0\u2009months) and 39.4\u2009months after diagnosis of scleritis (range\u2009=\u20091.0 to 168.0\u2009months; median\u2009=\u200921.0\u2009months). Patients with non-infectious uveitis and scleritis either received prior treatment with corticosteroids only (uveitis: 18\/90, 20%; scleritis: 4\/94, 4.3%), or with one (uveitis: 19\/90, 21.1%; scleritis: 30\/94, 31.9%), two (uveitis: 11\/90, 12.2%; scleritis 27\/94, 28.7%), or three or more (uveitis: 37\/90, 41.1%; scleritis: 31\/94, 33.0%) corticosteroid-sparing immunosuppressive agents with or without corticosteroids before initiation of RTX treatment. The rheumatologic protocol (two infusions of 1 gram of RTX separated by 14\u2009days) was utilized most frequently (uveitis: 45\/87, 51.7%; scleritis: 87\/114, 76.3%), followed by the Foster protocol (eight weekly infusions of 375\u2009mg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> RTX; uveitis: 18\/87, 20.7%; scleritis: 10\/114, 8.8%), and the oncologic protocol (four weekly infusions of 375\u2009mg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> RTX; uveitis: 5\/87, 5.7%; scleritis: 6\/114, 5.3%). Various other off-label regimens were used infrequently (uveitis: 19\/87, 21.8%; scleritis 11\/114, 9.6%). Rituximab treatments resulted in a positive therapeutic response for the majority of patients with non-infectious uveitis (81\/97, 83.5%). Commonly treated uveitic diagnoses included non-paraneoplastic autoimmune retinopathy (30\/107, 28.0%), juvenile idiopathic arthritis (21\/107, 19.6%), Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease (12\/107, 11.2%), and Beh\u00e7et disease (11\/107, 10.3%). Cases of non-infectious scleritis were most commonly attributed to granulomatosis with polyangiitis (75\/121, 62.0%) and rheumatoid arthritis (15\/121, 12.4%), and showed an even greater rate of positive therapeutic response (112\/120, 93.3%) following RTX treatment. No side effects were reported in 76.3% (74\/97) of uveitis and 85.5% (71\/83) scleritis cases. Of those cases associated with RTX-induced adverse events, the most common were infusion reactions of various severity (11\/35, 31.4%).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Overall, RTX appeared to be both effective and well-tolerated as second or third-line therapy for patients with non-infectious uveitis and scleritis.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12348-021-00252-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,15]],"date-time":"2021-08-15T23:03:21Z","timestamp":1629068601000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Rituximab for non-infectious Uveitis and Scleritis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2462-0485","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caleb C.","family":"Ng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aileen","family":"Sy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"Emmett T.","family":"Cunningham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"252_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.3129\/i10-081","volume":"45","author":"ET Cunningham Jr","year":"2010","unstructured":"Cunningham ET Jr, Wender JD (2010) Practical approach to the use of corticosteroids in patients with uveitis. 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