{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T06:21:57Z","timestamp":1791872517339,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,9]],"date-time":"2021-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639008000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Basic Clin. Androl."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) with history of cryptorchidism and idiopathic NOA are the most common forms of NOA without genetic aetiology. Of all patients with one of these two types of NOA, only a few will have a positive TEsticular Sperm Extraction (TESE). Of those with positive extraction followed by sperm freezing, not all will have a child after TESE-ICSI. What are the ways and probabilities of taking home a baby for patients with NOA and a history of cryptorchidism compared with patients with idiopathic NOA?<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Patients with idiopathic NOA or NOA and a history of cryptorchidism who underwent their first TESE were included. The patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 was composed of 125 patients with idiopathic NOA and Group 2 of 55 patients with NOA and a history of surgically treated cryptorchidism. Our results showed that more than half of the NOA patients succeeded in becoming parents. The main way to fulfil their plans for parenthood is to use sperm or embryo donation (72%) for men with idiopathic NOA, whereas the majority of men with NOA and a history of cryptorchidism had a child after TESE-ICSI (58.8%).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In our centre, before considering TESE for a patient with NOA, we explain systematically TESE-ICSI alternatives (sperm donation, embryo donation or adoption). As a result, the couple can consider each solution to become parents.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12610-021-00149-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,9]],"date-time":"2021-12-09T00:02:32Z","timestamp":1639008152000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Non-obstructive idiopathic azoospermia vs azoospermia with antecedents of cryptorchidism: ways and probabilities of becoming parents"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Jacques Singh","family":"Sangwan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire","family":"Petit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Romane Sainte","family":"Rose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cynthia","family":"Frapsauce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Dijols","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean Marc","family":"Rigot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4340-0170","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabrice","family":"Gu\u00e9rif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"149_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1071\/RD03087","volume":"16","author":"PN Schlegel","year":"2004","unstructured":"Schlegel PN. 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The protocol for this retrospective study was approved by the Ethics Committee for research involving human subjects in our hospital (Research Project No. 2016 066).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"All authors contributed to the study. They have all seen the final version and consent to its submission.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"30"}}