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The current study aimed to investigate the prevalence rate of bacterial infection in subfertile men and its effect on semen quality. Seminal fluid was collected from 172 male members of infertile couples attending the andrology infertility center and a group of 35 fertile subjects as a control. Sperm parameters and DNA fragmentation were evaluated based on the type of bacteria in all ejaculates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>From the 172 patients investigated for infertility, 60 (34.88%) patients had a positive culture for pathogenic bacteria of different species. Leukocytospermia was significantly higher in infected samples in comparison with non-infected samples (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u20090.05). Sperm concentration and motility and morphology were significantly lower in infected than non-infected samples. Moreover, sperm DNA fragmentation was significantly higher in infected than non-infected samples. Besides, our results showed that sperm DNA fragmentation was correlated significantly with leukocytospermia (R: 0.22,<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u20090.01).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present study suggested that bacterial infection significantly correlated with leukocytospermia could impair male fertility potential through decreasing sperm motility, morphology, and DNA integrity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12860-021-00380-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,13]],"date-time":"2021-08-13T12:02:52Z","timestamp":1628856172000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Effect of bacterial infection on sperm quality and DNA fragmentation in subfertile men with Leukocytospermia"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Eini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maryam Azizi","family":"Kutenaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fayegheh","family":"Zareei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zeinolabedin Sharifian","family":"Dastjerdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maryam Hosseinzadeh","family":"Shirzeyli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ensieh","family":"Salehi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"380_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0207684","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0207684","volume":"13","author":"S Ricci","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ricci S, De Giorgi S, Lazzeri E, Luddi A, Rossi S, Piomboni P, et al. 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A signed informed consent form was obtained from all participants.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable<b>.<\/b> Our manuscript does not contain data from any individual person.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests in this section.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"42"}}