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To investigate the genetic basis of VVD, a genome wide association study (GWAS) was performed to identify candidate genes and pathways that are responsible for VVD leg disease, serum indicators and growth performance in broilers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In total, VVD phenotype, seven serum indicators and three growth traits were measured for 126 VVD broilers (case group) and 122 sound broilers (control group) based on a high throughput genome wide genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) method. After quality control 233 samples (113 sound broilers and 120 VVD birds) and 256,599 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) markers were used for further analysis. As a result, a total of 5 SNPs were detected suggestively significantly associated with VVD and 70 candidate genes were identified that included or adjacent to these significant SNPs. In addition, 43 SNPs located on Chr24 (0.22\u2009Mb - 1.79\u2009Mb) were genome-wide significantly associated with serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and 38 candidate genes\u00a0were identified. Functional enrichment analysis showed that these genes are involved in two Gene Ontology (GO) terms related to bone development (cartilage development and cartilage condensation) and two pathways related to skeletal development (Toll\u2212like receptor signaling pathway and p53 signaling pathway).\n                      <jats:italic>BARX2<\/jats:italic>\n                      (BARX homeobox\u00a02) and\n                      <jats:italic>Panx3<\/jats:italic>\n                      (Pannexin 3) related to skeleton diseases and bone quality were obtained according to functional analysis.\u00a0According to the integration of GWAS with transcriptome analysis,\n                      <jats:italic>HYLS1<\/jats:italic>\n                      (HYLS1 centriolar and ciliogenesis associated) was an important susceptibility gene.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The results provide some reference for understanding the relationship between metabolic mechanism of ALP and pathogenesis of VVD, which will provide a theoretical basis for disease-resistant breeding of chicken leg soundness.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-021-08236-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]],"date-time":"2022-01-06T03:02:44Z","timestamp":1641438164000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Genome-wide association study identifies SNPs for growth performance and serum indicators in Valgus-varus deformity broilers (Gallus gallus) using ddGBS sequencing"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Yaping","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hetian","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenzhen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanchao","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianzeng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hehe","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haoxiang","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhuanjian","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenting","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaojun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangtao","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruili","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"8236_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.2011-01599","volume":"91","author":"MY Shim","year":"2012","unstructured":"Shim MY, Karnuah AB, Anthony NB, Pesti GM, Aggrey SE. 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All experimental procedures and sample collection methods were carried out in accordance with approved guidelines to ensure animal welfare. In this study, written informed consent was obtained from Henan Agricultural University and Zhonghong Sanrong Group Co., Ltd. to use these animals. Meanwhile, the study was carried out in compliance with the ARRIVE guidelines.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"26"}}