{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T22:00:26Z","timestamp":1759010426846},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,21]],"date-time":"2021-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1616284800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,21]],"date-time":"2021-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1616284800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p><jats:italic>Bacillus ancthracis<\/jats:italic> causes cutaneous, pulmonary, or gastrointestinal forms of anthrax<jats:italic>. B. anthracis<\/jats:italic> is a pathogenic bacterium that is potentially to be used in bioterrorism because it can be produced in the form of spores. Currently, protective antigen (PA)-based vaccines are being used for the prevention of anthrax, but it is necessary to develop more safe and effective vaccines due to their prolonged immunization schedules and adverse reactions.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We selected the lipoprotein GBAA0190, a potent inducer of host immune response, present in anthrax spores as a novel potential vaccine candidate. Then, we evaluated its immune-stimulating activity in the bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot analysis. Protective efficacy of GBAA0190 was evaluated in the guinea pig (GP) model.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The recombinant GBAA0190 (r0190) protein induced the expression of various inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 (TNF-\u03b1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and macrophage inflammatory protein-1\u03b1 (MIP-1\u03b1) in the BMDMs. These immune responses were mediated through toll-like receptor 1\/2 via activation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase and Nuclear factor-\u03baB (NF-\u03baB) pathways. We demonstrated that not only immunization of r0190 alone, but also combined immunization with r0190 and recombinant PA showed significant protective efficacy against <jats:italic>B. anthracis<\/jats:italic> spore challenges in the GP model.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Our results suggest that r0190 may be a potential target for anthrax vaccine.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12865-021-00414-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,21]],"date-time":"2021-03-21T04:51:39Z","timestamp":1616302299000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A putative exosporium lipoprotein GBAA0190 of Bacillus anthracis as a potential anthrax vaccine candidate"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Jun Ho","family":"Jeon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yeon Hee","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kyung Ae","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu-Ri","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sun-Je","family":"Woo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ye Jin","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gi-eun","family":"Rhie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"414_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.186.1.164-178.2004","volume":"186","author":"H Liu","year":"2004","unstructured":"Liu H, Bergman NH, Thomason B, Shallom S, Hazen A, Crossno J, Rasko DA, Ravel J, Read TD, Peterson SN, Yates J III, Hanna PC. Formation and composition of the Bacillus anthracis endospore. J Bacteriol. 2004;186(1):164\u201378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JB.186.1.164-178.2004.","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"414_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2014.00083","volume":"2","author":"SA Morse","year":"2015","unstructured":"Morse SA. Pathogen security-help or hindrance? Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2015;2:83.","journal-title":"Front Bioeng Biotechnol"},{"issue":"9","key":"414_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5545","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.174.9.5545","volume":"174","author":"KC Brittingham","year":"2005","unstructured":"Brittingham KC, Ruthel G, Panchal RG, Fuller CL, Ribot WJ, Hoover TA, Young HA, Anderson AO, Bavari S. Dendritic cells endocytose Bacillus anthracis spores: implications for anthrax pathogenesis. J Immunol. 2005;174(9):5545\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.174.9.5545.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"414_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-micro-091014-104523","volume":"69","author":"M Moayeri","year":"2015","unstructured":"Moayeri M, Leppla SH, Vrentas C, Pomerantsev AP, Liu S. Anthrax pathogenesis. Annu Rev Microbiol. 2015;69(1):185\u2013208. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev-micro-091014-104523.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Microbiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"414_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2014.02.012","volume":"22","author":"S Liu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Liu S, Moayeri M, Leppla SH. Anthrax lethal and edema toxins in anthrax pathogenesis. Trends Microbiol. 2014;22(6):317\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tim.2014.02.012.","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"414_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.cellbio.19.111301.140655","volume":"19","author":"RJ Collier","year":"2003","unstructured":"Collier RJ, Young JA. Anthrax toxin. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 2003;19(1):45\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev.cellbio.19.111301.140655.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol"},{"issue":"2","key":"414_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2011.08.016","volume":"14","author":"A Guichard","year":"2012","unstructured":"Guichard A, Nizet V, Bier E. New insights into the biological effects of anthrax toxins: linking cellular to organismal responses. Microbes Infect. 2012;14(2):97\u2013118. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.micinf.2011.08.016.","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"key":"414_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2015.01009","volume":"6","author":"ED Williamson","year":"2015","unstructured":"Williamson ED, Dyson EH. Anthrax prophylaxis: recent advances and future directions. Front Microbiol. 2015;6:1009.","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"414_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2761","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.188.8.2761-2773.2006","volume":"188","author":"MM Babu","year":"2006","unstructured":"Babu MM, Priya ML, Selvan AT, Madera M, Gough J, Aravind L, Sankaran K. A database of bacterial lipoproteins (DOLOP) with functional assignments to predicted lipoproteins. J Bacteriol. 2006;188(8):2761\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JB.188.8.2761-2773.2006.","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"issue":"2","key":"414_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00682-10","volume":"79","author":"A Kovacs-Simon","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kovacs-Simon A, Titball RW, Michell SL. Lipoproteins of bacterial pathogens. Infect Immun. 2011;79(2):548\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/IAI.00682-10.","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"414_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"619410","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/619410","volume":"2014","author":"AP Basto","year":"2014","unstructured":"Basto AP, Leit\u00e3o A. Targeting TLR2 for vaccine development. J Immunol Res. 2014;2014:619410.","journal-title":"J Immunol Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"414_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2011.07915.x","volume":"83","author":"S Okugawa","year":"2012","unstructured":"Okugawa S, Moayeri M, Pomerantsev AP, Sastalla I, Crown D, Gupta PK, Leppla SH. Lipoprotein biosynthesis by prolipoprotein diacylglyceryl transferase is required for efficient spore germination and full virulence of Bacillus anthracis. Mol Microbiol. 2012;83(1):96\u2013109. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2011.07915.x.","journal-title":"Mol Microbiol"},{"key":"414_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1144","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01144","volume":"10","author":"S Kumar","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kumar S, Sunagar R, Gosselin E. Bacterial protein toll-like-receptor agonists: a novel perspective on vaccine adjuvants. Front Immunol. 2019;10:1144. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01144.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"414_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16937","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-35382-8","volume":"8","author":"OC Ndumnego","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ndumnego OC, Koehler SM, Crafford JE, Beyer W, van Heerden H. Immunogenicity of anthrax recombinant peptides and killed spores in goats and protective efficacy of immune sera in a\/J mouse model. Sci Rep. 2018;8(1):16937. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-018-35382-8.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"414_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2019.07.004","volume":"61","author":"A Varshney","year":"2019","unstructured":"Varshney A, Kumar M, Nagar DP, Pal V, Goel AK. Development of a novel chimeric PA-LF antigen of Bacillus anthracis, its immunological characterization and evaluation as a future vaccine candidate in mouse model. Biologicals. 2019;61:38\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biologicals.2019.07.004.","journal-title":"Biologicals."},{"issue":"1","key":"414_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00280-12","volume":"20","author":"J Zhang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zhang J, Jex E, Feng T, Sivko GS, Baillie LW, Goldman S, van Kampen KR, Tang DCC. An adenovirus-vectored nasal vaccine confers rapid and sustained protection against anthrax in a single-dose regimen. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2013;20(1):1\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/CVI.00280-12.","journal-title":"Clin Vaccine Immunol"},{"issue":"4","key":"414_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00690-14","volume":"22","author":"V Krishnan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Krishnan V, Andersen BH, Shoemaker C, Sivko GS, Tordoff KP, Stark GV, Zhang J, Feng T, Duchars M, Roberts MS. Efficacy and immunogenicity of single-dose AdVAV intranasal anthrax vaccine compared to anthrax vaccine absorbed in an aerosolized spore rabbit challenge model. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2015;22(4):430\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/CVI.00690-14.","journal-title":"Clin Vaccine Immunol"},{"issue":"30","key":"414_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3051","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2013.04.063","volume":"31","author":"RJ Hopkins","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hopkins RJ, Daczkowski NF, Kaptur PE, Muse D, Sheldon E, LaForce C, Sari S, Rudge TL, Bernton E. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, safety and immunogenicity study of 4 formulations of Anthrax vaccine adsorbed plus CPG 7909 (AV7909) in healthy adult volunteers. Vaccine. 2013;31(30):3051\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vaccine.2013.04.063.","journal-title":"Vaccine."},{"issue":"3","key":"414_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00633","DOI":"10.1128\/genomeA.00633-15","volume":"3","author":"A Okutani","year":"2015","unstructured":"Okutani A, Osaki M, Takamatsu D, Kaku Y, Inoue S, Morikawa S. Draft genome sequences of Bacillus anthracis strains stored for several decades in Japan. Genome Announc. 2015;3(3):e00633\u201315.","journal-title":"Genome Announc"},{"issue":"9","key":"414_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3680","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00241-07","volume":"189","author":"JF Challacombe","year":"2007","unstructured":"Challacombe JF, Altherr MR, Xie G, Bhotika SS, Brown N, Bruce D, Campbell CS, Campbell ML, Chen J, Chertkov O, Cleland C, Dimitrijevic M, Doggett NA, Fawcett JJ, Glavina T, Goodwin LA, Green LD, Han CS, Hill KK, Hitchcock P, Jackson PJ, Keim P, Kewalramani AR, Longmire J, Lucas S, Malfatti S, Martinez D, McMurry K, Meincke LJ, Misra M, Moseman BL, Mundt M, Munk AC, Okinaka RT, Parson-Quintana B, Reilly LP, Richardson P, Robinson DL, Saunders E, Tapia R, Tesmer JG, Thayer N, Thompson LS, Tice H, Ticknor LO, Wills PL, Gilna P, Brettin TS. The complete genome sequence of Bacillus thuringiensis Al Hakam. J Bacteriol. 2007;189(9):3680\u20131. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JB.00241-07.","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"issue":"8","key":"414_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1512","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.134437.111","volume":"22","author":"ME Zwick","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zwick ME, Joseph SJ, Didelot X, Chen PE, Bishop-Lilly KA, Stewart AC, Willner K, Nolan N, Lentz S, Thomason MK, Sozhamannan S, Mateczun AJ, du L, Read TD. Genomic characterization of the Bacillus cereus sensu lato species: backdrop to the evolution of Bacillus anthracis. Genome Res. 2012;22(8):1512\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/gr.134437.111.","journal-title":"Genome Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"414_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1074\/mcp.M113.032946","volume":"13","author":"J Chenau","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chenau J, Fenaille F, Caro V, Haustant M, Diancourt L, Klee SR, Junot C, Ezan E, Goossens PL, Becher F. Identification and validation of specific markers of Bacillus anthracis spores by proteomics and genomics approaches. Mol Cell Proteomics. 2014;13(3):716\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/mcp.M113.032946.","journal-title":"Mol Cell Proteomics"},{"issue":"1","key":"414_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01347-08","volume":"191","author":"J Ravel","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ravel J, Jiang L, Stanley ST, Wilson MR, Decker RS, Read TD, Worsham P, Keim PS, Salzberg SL, Fraser-Liggett CM, Rasko DA. The complete genome sequence of Bacillus anthracis Ames \"ancestor\". J Bacteriol. 2009;191(1):445\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JB.01347-08.","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"issue":"13","key":"414_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R488","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2011.05.039","volume":"21","author":"EM Moresco","year":"2011","unstructured":"Moresco EM, LaVine D, Beutler B. Toll-like receptors. Curr Biol. 2011;21(13):R488\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cub.2011.05.039.","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"issue":"43","key":"414_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15850","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.RA119.010120","volume":"294","author":"WJ Bradshaw","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bradshaw WJ, Bruxelle JF, Kovacs-Simon A, Harmer NJ, Janoir C, P\u00e9chin\u00e9 S, Acharya KR, Michell SL. Molecular features of lipoprotein CD0873: a potential vaccine against the human pathogen Clostridioides difficile. J Biol Chem. 2019;294(43):15850\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/jbc.RA119.010120.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"50","key":"414_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8420","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2007.09.053","volume":"25","author":"M Delgado","year":"2007","unstructured":"Delgado M, Yero D, Niebla O, Gonz\u00e1lez S, Climent Y, P\u00e9rez Y, Cobas K, Caballero E, Garc\u00eda D, Paj\u00f3n R. Lipoprotein NMB0928 from Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B as a novel vaccine candidate. Vaccine. 2007;25(50):8420\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vaccine.2007.09.053.","journal-title":"Vaccine."},{"issue":"28","key":"414_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4004","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2018.05.060","volume":"36","author":"J Beeslaar","year":"2018","unstructured":"Beeslaar J, Absalon J, Balmer P, Srivastava A, Maansson R, York LJ, Perez JL. Clinical data supporting a 2-dose schedule of MenB-FHbp, a bivalent meningococcal serogroup B vaccine, in adolescents and young adults. Vaccine. 2018;36(28):4004\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vaccine.2018.05.060.","journal-title":"Vaccine."},{"key":"414_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2405","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.02405","volume":"9","author":"F Vo\u00df","year":"2018","unstructured":"Vo\u00df F, Kohler TP, Meyer T, Abdullah MR, van Opzeeland FJ, Saleh M, Michalik S, van Selm S, Schmidt F, de Jonge MI, Hammerschmidt S. Intranasal vaccination with lipoproteins confers protection against pneumococcal colonisation. Front Immunol. 2018;9:2405. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2018.02405.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"6","key":"414_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1562","DOI":"10.1208\/s12248-016-9979-x","volume":"18","author":"Y Luo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Luo Y, Friese OV, Runnels HA, Khandke L, Zlotnick G, Aulabaugh A, Gore T, Vidunas E, Raso SW, Novikova E, Byrne E, Schlittler M, Stano D, Dufield RL, Kumar S, Anderson AS, Jansen KU, Rouse JC. The dual role of lipids of the lipoproteins in Trumenba, a self-Adjuvanting vaccine against meningococcal meningitis B disease. AAPS J. 2016;18(6):1562\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1208\/s12248-016-9979-x.","journal-title":"AAPS J"},{"issue":"8","key":"414_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1038\/nm732","volume":"8","author":"L Alexopoulou","year":"2002","unstructured":"Alexopoulou L, Thomas V, Schnare M, Lobet Y, Anguita J, Schoen RT, Medzhitov R, Fikrig E, Flavell RA. Hyporesponsiveness to vaccination with Borrelia burgdorferi OspA in humans and in TLR1- and TLR2-deficient mice. Nat Med. 2002;8(8):878\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nm732.","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"414_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2014.93","volume":"8","author":"A Dunne","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dunne A, Mielke LA, Allen AC, Sutton CE, Higgs R, Cunningham CC, Higgins SC, Mills KHG. A novel TLR2 agonist from Bordetella pertussis is a potent adjuvant that promotes protective immunity with an acellular pertussis vaccine. Mucosal Immunol. 2015;8(3):607\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/mi.2014.93.","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol"},{"issue":"Pt 2","key":"414_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.26681-0","volume":"150","author":"C Redmond","year":"2004","unstructured":"Redmond C, Baillie LWJ, Hibbs S, Moir AJG, Moir A. Identification of proteins in the exosporium of Bacillus anthracis. Microbiology. 2004;150(Pt 2):355\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1099\/mic.0.26681-0.","journal-title":"Microbiology."},{"issue":"4","key":"414_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1111\/mmi.13651","volume":"104","author":"GC Stewart","year":"2017","unstructured":"Stewart GC. Assembly of the outermost spore layer: pieces of the puzzle are coming together. Mol Microbiol. 2017;104(4):535\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/mmi.13651.","journal-title":"Mol Microbiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"414_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5240","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00884-07","volume":"75","author":"TN Brahmbhatt","year":"2007","unstructured":"Brahmbhatt TN, Darnell SC, Carvalho HM, Sanz P, Kang TJ, Bull RL, Rasmussen SB, Cross AS, O'Brien AD. Recombinant exosporium protein BclA of Bacillus anthracis is effective as a booster for mice primed with suboptimal amounts of protective antigen. Infect Immun. 2007;75(11):5240\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/IAI.00884-07.","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"2","key":"414_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1007\/s00430-012-0280-z","volume":"202","author":"K Sinha","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sinha K, Bhatnagar R. Recombinant GroEL enhances protective antigen-mediated protection against Bacillus anthracis spore challenge. Med Microbiol Immunol. 2013;202(2):153\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00430-012-0280-z.","journal-title":"Med Microbiol Immunol"},{"issue":"10","key":"414_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3847","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00888-15","volume":"83","author":"JH Jeon","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jeon JH, Lee HR, Cho MH, Park OK, Park J, Rhie GE. The poly-\u03b3-d-glutamic acid capsule surrogate of the Bacillus anthracis capsule is a novel toll-like receptor 2 agonist. Infect Immun. 2015;83(10):3847\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/IAI.00888-15.","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"10","key":"414_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3551","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.188.10.3551-3571.2006","volume":"188","author":"T Chitlaru","year":"2006","unstructured":"Chitlaru T, Gat O, Gozlan Y, Ariel N, Shafferman A. Differential proteomic analysis of the Bacillus anthracis secretome: distinct plasmid and chromosome CO2-dependent cross talk mechanisms modulate extracellular proteolytic activities. J Bacteriol. 2006;188(10):3551\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JB.188.10.3551-3571.2006.","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"issue":"3","key":"414_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0057959","volume":"8","author":"X Liu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Liu X, Wang D, Ren J, Tong C, Feng E, Wang X, Zhu L, Wang H. Identification of the immunogenic spore and vegetative proteins of Bacillus anthracis vaccine strain A16R. PLoS One. 2013;8(3):e57959. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0057959.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"414_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrp.2012.07.006","volume":"3","author":"JH Chun","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chun JH, Choi OJ, Cho MH, Hong KJ, Seong WK, Oh HB, Rhie GE. Serological correlate of protection in Guinea pigs for a recombinant protective antigen Anthrax vaccine produced from Bacillus brevis. Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2012;3(3):170\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phrp.2012.07.006.","journal-title":"Osong Public Health Res Perspect"},{"issue":"1","key":"414_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1002\/pmic.201200495","volume":"14","author":"YH Kim","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kim YH, Kim KA, Kim YR, Choi MK, Kim HK, Choi KJ, Chun JH, Cha K, Hong KJ, Lee NG, Yoo CK, Oh HB, Kim TS, Rhie GE. Immunoproteomically identified GBAA_0345, alkyl hydroperoxide reductase subunit C is a potential target for multivalent anthrax vaccine. Proteomics. 2014;14(1):93\u2013104. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pmic.201200495.","journal-title":"Proteomics."}],"container-title":["BMC Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12865-021-00414-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12865-021-00414-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12865-021-00414-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,21]],"date-time":"2021-03-21T04:53:00Z","timestamp":1616302380000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcimmunol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12865-021-00414-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,21]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["414"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12865-021-00414-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2172"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2172","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"20 November 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 March 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 March 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All animal studies were conducted in compliance with the guidelines of the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (Approval number: KCDC-129-18-2A). The study was carried out in compliance with the ARRIVE guideline.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"20"}}