{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T20:40:43Z","timestamp":1793911243085,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","funder":[{"name":"High Impact Research (HIR) Grant","award":["HIR-MOHE E000013-20001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HIR-MOHE E000013-20001"]}]},{"name":"Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS)","award":["FP027-2010B"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FP027-2010B"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-016-0671-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,18]],"date-time":"2016-03-18T17:45:05Z","timestamp":1458323105000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Prevalence of plasmid-bearing and plasmid-free Chlamydia trachomatis infection among women who visited obstetrics and gynecology clinics in Malaysia"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Tee Cian","family":"Yeow","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Won Fen","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Negar Shafiei","family":"Sabet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sofiah","family":"Sulaiman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Shahhosseini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grace Min Yi","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elaheh","family":"Movahed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chung Yeng","family":"Looi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esaki M.","family":"Shankar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rishien","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernard P.","family":"Arulanandam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jamiyah","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sazaly","family":"Abu Bakar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"671_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1363\/3600604","volume":"36","author":"H Weinstock","year":"2004","unstructured":"Weinstock H, Berman S, Cates Jr W. Sexually transmitted diseases among American youth: incidence and prevalence estimates, 2000. Perspect Sex Reprod Health. 2004;36(1):6\u201310.","journal-title":"Perspect Sex Reprod Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"671_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.43.5.400","volume":"43","author":"YF Ngeow","year":"1990","unstructured":"Ngeow YF, Rachagan SP, Ramachandran S. Prevalence of chlamydial antibody in Malaysians. J Clin Pathol. 1990;43(5):400\u20132.","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"issue":"5","key":"671_CR3","first-page":"334","volume":"66","author":"S Ramachandran","year":"1990","unstructured":"Ramachandran S, Ngeow YF. The prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases among prostitutes in Malaysia. Genitourin Med. 1990;66(5):334\u20136.","journal-title":"Genitourin Med"},{"issue":"25","key":"671_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2424","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp030542","volume":"349","author":"JF Peipert","year":"2003","unstructured":"Peipert JF. Clinical practice. Genital chlamydial infections. N Engl J Med. 2003;349(25):2424\u201330.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"671_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.108.067835","volume":"79","author":"KA Cunningham","year":"2008","unstructured":"Cunningham KA, Beagley KW. Male genital tract chlamydial infection: implications for pathology and infertility. Biol Reprod. 2008;79(2):180\u20139.","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"issue":"1","key":"671_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.75.1.21","volume":"75","author":"CR Cohen","year":"1999","unstructured":"Cohen CR, Brunham RC. Pathogenesis of Chlamydia induced pelvic inflammatory disease. Sex Transm Infect. 1999;75(1):21\u20134.","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"issue":"5","key":"671_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1799","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2009.10.021","volume":"94","author":"LC Morin-Papunen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Morin-Papunen LC, Duleba AJ, Bloigu A, Jarvelin MR, Saikku P, Pouta A. Chlamydia antibodies and self-reported symptoms of oligo-amenorrhea and hirsutism: a new etiologic factor in polycystic ovary syndrome? Fertil Steril. 2010;94(5):1799\u2013804.","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"6","key":"671_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0329","volume":"16","author":"PA Mardh","year":"2002","unstructured":"Mardh PA. Influence of infection with Chlamydia trachomatis on pregnancy outcome, infant health and life-long sequelae in infected offspring. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2002;16(6):847\u201364.","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol"},{"issue":"6","key":"671_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4027","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.179.6.4027","volume":"179","author":"CM O'Connell","year":"2007","unstructured":"O'Connell CM, Ingalls RR, Andrews Jr CW, Scurlock AM, Darville T. Plasmid-deficient Chlamydia muridarum fail to induce immune pathology and protect against oviduct disease. J Immunol. 2007;179(6):4027\u201334.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"issue":"6","key":"671_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2273","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00102-08","volume":"76","author":"JH Carlson","year":"2008","unstructured":"Carlson JH, Whitmire WM, Crane DD, Wicke L, Virtaneva K, Sturdevant DE, Kupko JJ, 3rd, Porcella SF, Martinez-Orengo N, Heinzen RA et al. The Chlamydia trachomatis plasmid is a transcriptional regulator of chromosomal genes and a virulence factor. Infect Immun. 2008;76(6):2273\u201383.","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"6","key":"671_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1454","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2009.11.073","volume":"28","author":"N Olivares-Zavaleta","year":"2010","unstructured":"Olivares-Zavaleta N, Whitmire W, Gardner D, Caldwell HD. Immunization with the attenuated plasmidless Chlamydia trachomatis L2(25667R) strain provides partial protection in a murine model of female genitourinary tract infection. Vaccine. 2010;28(6):1454\u201362.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"11","key":"671_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2217","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20111266","volume":"208","author":"L Kari","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kari L, Whitmire WM, Olivares-Zavaleta N, Goheen MM, Taylor LD, Carlson JH, Sturdevant GL, Lu C, Bakios LE, Randall LB et al. A live-attenuated chlamydial vaccine protects against trachoma in nonhuman primates. J Exp Med. 2011;208(11):2217\u201323.","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"671_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1044","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01118-10","volume":"79","author":"CM O'Connell","year":"2011","unstructured":"O'Connell CM, AbdelRahman YM, Green E, Darville HK, Saira K, Smith B, Darville T, Scurlock AM, Meyer CR, Belland RJ. Toll-like receptor 2 activation by Chlamydia trachomatis is plasmid dependent, and plasmid-responsive chromosomal loci are coordinately regulated in response to glucose limitation by C. trachomatis but not by C. muridarum. Infect Immun. 2011;79(3):1044\u201356.","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"1","key":"671_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02618-13","volume":"52","author":"AR Last","year":"2014","unstructured":"Last AR, Roberts C, Cassama E, Nabicassa M, Molina-Gonzalez S, Burr SE, Mabey DC, Bailey RL, Holland MJ. Plasmid copy number and disease severity in naturally occurring ocular Chlamydia trachomatis infection. J Clin Microbiol. 2014;52(1):324\u20137.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"671_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2005.015362","volume":"82","author":"H Jalal","year":"2006","unstructured":"Jalal H, Stephen H, Al-Suwaine A, Sonnex C, Carne C. The superiority of polymerase chain reaction over an amplified enzyme immunoassay for the detection of genital chlamydial infections. Sex Transm Infect. 2006;82(1):37\u201340.","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"issue":"17","key":"671_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6222","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00552-07","volume":"189","author":"G Sun","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sun G, Pal S, Sarcon AK, Kim S, Sugawara E, Nikaido H, Cocco MJ, Peterson EM, de la Maza LM. Structural and functional analyses of the major outer membrane protein of Chlamydia trachomatis. J Bacteriol. 2007;189(17):6222\u201335.","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"issue":"6","key":"671_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micres.2013.02.001","volume":"168","author":"R Ferreira","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ferreira R, Borges V, Nunes A, Borrego MJ, Gomes JP. Assessment of the load and transcriptional dynamics of Chlamydia trachomatis plasmid according to strains\u2019 tissue tropism. Microbiol Res. 2013;168(6):333\u20139.","journal-title":"Microbiol Res"},{"key":"671_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-015-0202-5","volume":"15","author":"RM Abdella","year":"2015","unstructured":"Abdella RM, Abdelmoaty HI, Elsherif RH, Sayed AM, Sherif NA, Gouda HM, El Lithy A, Almohamady M, Abdelbar M, Hosni AN et al. Screening for Chlamydia trachomatis in Egyptian women with unexplained infertility, comparing real-time PCR techniques to standard serology tests: case control study. BMC Womens Health. 2015;15:45.","journal-title":"BMC Womens Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"671_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.15537\/smj.2015.1.9967","volume":"36","author":"DA Alfarraj","year":"2015","unstructured":"Alfarraj DA, Somily AM, Alssum RM, Abotalib ZM, El-Sayed AA, Al-Mandeel HH. The prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection among Saudi women attending the infertility clinic in Central Saudi Arabia. Saudi Med J. 2015;36(1):61\u20136.","journal-title":"Saudi Med J"},{"issue":"1","key":"671_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1258\/004947506775598987","volume":"36","author":"J Tukur","year":"2006","unstructured":"Tukur J, Shittu SO, Abdul AM. A case control study of active genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection among patients with tubal infertility in northern Nigeria. Trop Doct. 2006;36(1):14\u20136.","journal-title":"Trop Doct"},{"issue":"10","key":"671_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3013","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.36.10.3013-3019.1998","volume":"36","author":"A Matsumoto","year":"1998","unstructured":"Matsumoto A, Izutsu H, Miyashita N, Ohuchi M. Plaque formation by and plaque cloning of Chlamydia trachomatis biovar trachoma. J Clin Microbiol. 1998;36(10):3013\u20139.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"671_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2013.05.010","volume":"13","author":"C Chumduri","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chumduri C, Gurumurthy RK, Zadora PK, Mi Y, Meyer TF. Chlamydia infection promotes host DNA damage and proliferation but impairs the DNA damage response. Cell Host Microbe. 2013;13(6):746\u201358.","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"671_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2013-051431","volume":"90","author":"KE Jensen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jensen KE, Thomsen LT, Schmiedel S, Frederiksen K, Norrild B, van den Brule A, Iftner T, Kjaer SK. Chlamydia trachomatis and risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 or worse in women with persistent human papillomavirus infection: a cohort study. Sex Transm Infect. 2014;90:550\u20135.","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"issue":"5","key":"671_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2010.044354","volume":"87","author":"M Lehtinen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lehtinen M, Ault KA, Lyytikainen E, Dillner J, Garland SM, Ferris DG, Koutsky LA, Sings HL, Lu S, Haupt RM et al. Chlamydia trachomatis infection and risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Sex Transm Infect. 2011;87(5):372\u20136.","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"issue":"11","key":"671_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2159","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20112088","volume":"208","author":"DD Rockey","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rockey DD. Unraveling the basic biology and clinical significance of the chlamydial plasmid. J Exp Med. 2011;208(11):2159\u201362.","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"671_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5491","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.62.12.5491-5497.1994","volume":"62","author":"M Comanducci","year":"1994","unstructured":"Comanducci M, Manetti R, Bini L, Santucci A, Pallini V, Cevenini R, Sueur JM, Orfila J, Ratti G. Humoral immune response to plasmid protein pgp3 in patients with Chlamydia trachomatis infection. Infect Immun. 1994;62(12):5491\u20137.","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"671_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-8-90","volume":"8","author":"Z Li","year":"2008","unstructured":"Li Z, Zhong Y, Lei L, Wu Y, Wang S, Zhong G. Antibodies from women urogenitally infected with C. trachomatis predominantly recognized the plasmid protein pgp3 in a conformation-dependent manner. BMC Microbiol. 2008;8:90.","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol"},{"issue":"22","key":"671_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6017","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00847-10","volume":"192","author":"D Chen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chen D, Lei L, Lu C, Galaleldeen A, Hart PJ, Zhong G. Characterization of Pgp3, a Chlamydia trachomatis plasmid-encoded immunodominant antigen. J Bacteriol. 2010;192(22):6017\u201324.","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"issue":"5","key":"671_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-139-5-1083","volume":"139","author":"M Comanducci","year":"1993","unstructured":"Comanducci M, Cevenini R, Moroni A, Giuliani MM, Ricci S, Scarlato V, Ratti G. Expression of a plasmid gene of Chlamydia trachomatis encoding a novel 28 kDa antigen. J Gen Microbiol. 1993;139(5):1083\u201392.","journal-title":"J Gen Microbiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"671_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01305-12","volume":"81","author":"L Song","year":"2013","unstructured":"Song L, Carlson JH, Whitmire WM, Kari L, Virtaneva K, Sturdevant DE, Watkins H, Zhou B, Sturdevant GL, Porcella SF et al. Chlamydia trachomatis plasmid-encoded Pgp4 is a transcriptional regulator of virulence-associated genes. Infect Immun. 2013;81(3):636\u201344.","journal-title":"Infect Immun"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-016-0701-z","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,23]],"date-time":"2016-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1463961600000}}],"container-title":["BMC Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12866-016-0671-1","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,17]],"date-time":"2020-09-17T10:02:32Z","timestamp":1600336952000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.biomedcentral.com\/1471-2180\/16\/45"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,18]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]}},"alternative-id":["671"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12866-016-0671-1","relation":{"correction":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1186\/s12866-016-0701-z","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1471-2180"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2180","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,18]]},"article-number":"45"}}