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The bacterium has emergence of antibiotic resistance and virulence characters. The existing research was done to apprise the phenotypic and genotypic evaluation of antibiotic resistance and characterization of virulence factors in the <jats:italic>T. pyogenes<\/jats:italic> bacteria of bovine mastitis and metritis in postpartum cows.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Two-hundred and twenty-six bovine mastitic milk and 172 uterine swabs were collected and transferred to laboratory. Samples were cultured and <jats:italic>T. pyogenes<\/jats:italic> isolates were subjected to disk diffusion and DNA extraction. Distribution of virulence and antibiotic resistance genes was studied by PCR.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Thirty-two out of 226 (14.15%) mastitic milk and forty-one out of 172 (23.83%) uterine swab samples were positive for <jats:italic>T. pyogenes<\/jats:italic>. Isolates of mastitic milk harbored the highest prevalence of resistance toward gentamicin (100%), penicillin (100%), ampicillin (90.62%), amoxicillin (87.50%) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (87.50%), while those of metritis harbored the highest prevalence of resistance toward ampicillin (100%), amoxicillin (100%), gentamicin (97.56%), penicillin (97.56%) and cefalexin (97.56%). <jats:italic>AacC<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>aadA1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>aadA2<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>tetW<\/jats:italic> were the most generally perceived antibiotic resistance genes. All bacteria harbored <jats:italic>plo<\/jats:italic> (100%) and <jats:italic>fimA<\/jats:italic> (100%) virulence factors. <jats:italic>NanP<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>nanH<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>fimC<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>fimE<\/jats:italic> were also the most generally perceived virulence factors.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>All bacteria harbored <jats:italic>plo<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>fimA<\/jats:italic> virulence factors which showed that they can use as specific genetic markers with their important roles in pathogenicity of <jats:italic>T. pyogenes<\/jats:italic> bacteria. Phenotypic pattern of antibiotic resistance was confirmed by genotypic characterization of antibiotic resistance genes.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-019-1630-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,27]],"date-time":"2019-12-27T16:02:34Z","timestamp":1577462554000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Phenotypic and molecular characterization of antimicrobial resistance in Trueperella pyogenes strains isolated from bovine mastitis and metritis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Mobin","family":"Rezanejad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sepideh","family":"Karimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2282-9552","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hassan","family":"Momtaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"1630_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Momtaz H, Safarpoor Dehkordi F, Taktaz T, Rezvani A, Yarali S. 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Lett Appl Microbiol. 2017;65(2):125\u201332.","journal-title":"Lett Appl Microbiol"}],"container-title":["BMC Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12866-019-1630-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12866-019-1630-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12866-019-1630-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,26]],"date-time":"2020-12-26T00:16:22Z","timestamp":1608941782000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcmicrobiol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12866-019-1630-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1630"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12866-019-1630-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2180"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2180","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"26 January 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 October 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 December 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This study was done on milk and uterine swabs samples collected from cows, so there have no ethical issue in this work. The research was confirmed by the Moral Assembly of Research of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran (Approval No 201910104). Verification of this research project and the licenses related to sampling process were approved by the Prof. Hassan Momtaz (Approval Ref Number 251216892). All mastitic milk and also uterine swab samples were collected from postpartum cows with clinical mastitis and metritis who referred to the Veterinary hospital of the Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord Branch, Shahrekord, Southwest Iran. Written informed consents were taken from owners of all animals included in the study. Additionally, all ethical measures were taken to reduce animal pain during sampling. The results obtained from this study were only available to animal owners. Additionally, all criteria regarding inclusion and exclusion of their animals were explained for owners.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"305"}}