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The majority of cases are caused by the serogroup W UK 2013 strain of clonal complex (cc) 11, and subtype 1 of the serogroup Y, YI strain of cc23. In this study, virulence factors of several lineages within cc11 and cc23 were investigated in transgenic BALB\/c mice expressing human transferrin.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p>Transgenic mice were infected intraperitoneally with serogroup W and Y isolates. Levels of bacteria and the proinflammatory cytokine CXCL1 were determined in blood collected 3\u2009h and 24\u2009h post-infection. Apoptosis was investigated in immune cells from peritoneal washes of infected mice. Adhesion and induction of apoptosis in human epithelial cells were also scored.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The levels of bacteraemia, CXCL1, and apoptosis were higher in serogroup W infected mice than in serogroup Y infected mice. Serogroup W isolates also induced higher levels of apoptosis and adhesion in human epithelial cells. No significant differences were observed between different lineages within cc11 and cc23.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p><jats:italic>N. meningitidis<\/jats:italic> Serogroup W displayed a higher virulence in vivo in transgenic mice,\u00a0compared to serogroup Y. This was reflected by higher bacteremia, proinflammatory activity, and ability to induce apoptosis in mouse immune cells and human epithelial cells.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-020-01760-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,15]],"date-time":"2020-04-15T15:03:29Z","timestamp":1586963009000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Difference in virulence between Neisseria meningitidis serogroups W and Y in transgenic mice"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Lorraine","family":"Eriksson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bianca","family":"Stenmark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ala-Eddine","family":"Deghmane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Thulin Hedberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olof","family":"S\u00e4ll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hans","family":"Fredlund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paula","family":"M\u00f6lling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhamed-Kheir","family":"Taha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9580","key":"1760_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2196","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61016-2","volume":"369","author":"DS Stephens","year":"2007","unstructured":"Stephens DS, Greenwood B, Brandtzaeg P. 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Meningococcal isolates used in this study and their accompanying genetic data were acquired from the National Reference Laboratory for <i>Neisseria meningitidis<\/i> in Sweden. The collection of clinical data from patients infected with the isolates in this study was approved by the regional ethical review board in Uppsala, Sweden (reference numbers 2018\/139 and 2014\/150).","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Consent for publication was not needed since the clinical data presented in this study cannot be connected to patients.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"92"}}