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Antimicrobial therapy on early cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination has an important role in diagnosis. The disease is still challenging in developing countries because of poor (diagnostic set-up, socioeconomic conditions, management), and misuse of antimicrobial therapy results in emerging antimicrobial-resistant strains. Therefore, this hospital based cross sectional study was aimed to assess the antimicrobial sensitivity profile and bacterial isolates among patients suspected of pyogenic meningitis at Hawassa University Hospital from February 2017 to 2018.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 394 patients suspected as meningitis were included. Of these 210 (53.3%) were males and 184 (46.7%) were females. The carriage rate of bacterial pathogens was 27(6.9%). The common clinical presentations were fever 330 (83.8%), headache 205 (52.0%) and neck stiffness 179(45.4%) followed by altered mental status 125(31.7%). Neck stiffness<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001 (AOR\u2009=\u20091.18, 95% CI 1.06\u20136.53), Hx of seizure<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.043, (AOR\u2009=\u20091.39, 95% CI 1.15\u20135.99), Nuchal rigidity<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001* (AOR\u2009=\u20091.26, 95% CI 1.06\u20134.48) were significantly associated with culture positivity.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The pathogens isolated in this study were<jats:italic>N. meningitidis<\/jats:italic>the most frequent isolate 12(44.4%) followed by<jats:italic>S. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>5 (18.5%),<jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>4(14.8%),<jats:italic>H. influenza<\/jats:italic>3(13.6%),<jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>2(11.1%) and<jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>1(3.7%).<jats:italic>S. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>was (100%) resistance to penicillin, (80%) amoxicillin, and (20%) Cefotaxime.<jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>was (100%) resistant to penicillin, amoxicillin, and ciprofloxacin.<jats:italic>N. meningitidis<\/jats:italic>was (100%) resistant to penicillin, (66.7%) Ceftriaxone and (41.7%) chloramphenicol. In this study a single isolate was also resistant to a different antibiotic.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevention of bacterial meningitis needs serious attention since the isolated bacteria showed single and multiple antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and the variable nature of isolated etiological agents makes it reasonable to provide continuous future updates on local resistance of common antibiotics and optimize the most frequent bacteria associated with meningitis in the hospital. Therefore; further, survey study with a better design of antimicrobial susceptibility at large scale to control the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and the change in the causative organism of bacterial meningitis in the study area and at a national level is required.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-020-01808-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,19]],"date-time":"2020-05-19T20:21:30Z","timestamp":1589919690000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Antimicrobial sensitivity profile and bacterial isolates among suspected pyogenic meningitis patients attending at Hawassa University Hospital: Cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3914-838X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Demissie","family":"Assegu Fenta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kinfe","family":"Lemma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henok","family":"Tadele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Birkneh Tilahun","family":"Tadesse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Birrie","family":"Derese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"1808_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00070-09","volume":"23","author":"MC Brouwer","year":"2010","unstructured":"Brouwer MC, Tunkel AR, van de Beek D. 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An original copy of the approval, as well as the consent and assent form, is available upon request. A permission letter was obtained from Hawassa University hospital administrations.The purpose and importance of the study were explained to each study participant, parents, and guardians. Finally, informed written consent and assent were obtained from each study participant and any information obtained during the study was kept with utmost confidentiality, and those found infected with bacterial meningitis were treated in the hospital.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"125"}}