{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T00:16:10Z","timestamp":1791504970267,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,6]],"date-time":"2020-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593993600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,6]],"date-time":"2020-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593993600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018A0303130119"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018A0303130119"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020A1515010009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020A1515010009"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012151","name":"Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SZSM201811071 and SZSM201612023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SZSM201811071 and SZSM201612023"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012151","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                      is one of the main causative agents of diarrhea which results in substantial disease burden. To determine the prevalence, serotype distribution, and antimicrobial resistance profiles of clinical\n                      <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolates in Shenzhen, a 6-year surveillance study was conducted.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 297 (5.7%)\n                      <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                      strains were isolated from stool samples from 5239 patients. Among the 42 serotypes identified, serotype Typhimurium was the most common one\u00a0which represented 39.7% of the isolates (118), followed by serotype Enteritidis (71, 23.9%), London (12, 4.0%), 4, 5, 12: i: - (11, 3.7%), and Senftenberg (8, 2.7%). A high frequency of resistance was found in ampicillin (70.6%), piperacillin (64.5%), tetracycline (63.5%), and streptomycin (54.3%). Resistance to ampicillin and tetracycline was observed in 95.3% of\n                      <jats:italic>S.<\/jats:italic>\n                      Typhimurium isolates; and nalidixic acid in 93.1% of\n                      <jats:italic>S.<\/jats:italic>\n                      Enteritidis isolates. Resistance to 5 or more antimicrobial agents was found in 78.8% of\n                      <jats:italic>S.<\/jats:italic>\n                      Typhimurium and 69.0% of\n                      <jats:italic>S.<\/jats:italic>\n                      Enteritidis isolates. A decreased susceptibility to ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin was associated with amino acid alteration in\n                      <jats:italic>gyrA<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene. Point mutations without amino acid changes were seen in\n                      <jats:italic>gyrB, parC,<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>parE<\/jats:italic>\n                      genes.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A broad range of serotypes are responsible for Salmonellosis in Shenzhen, with Enteritidis and Typhimurium being the most common serotypes. The high level of antibiotic resistance is of public health significance and ongoing monitoring combined with rational use of antibiotics are recommended. Point mutations in\n                      <jats:italic>gyrA<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene might play an important role in the resistance to fluoroquinolones.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-020-01886-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,6]],"date-time":"2020-07-06T08:03:44Z","timestamp":1594022624000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Prevalence, serotypes, and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella isolates from patients with diarrhea in Shenzhen, China"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Hongwei","family":"Shen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haochuan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongxuan","family":"Ou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tingting","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siping","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lintao","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinjin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qinghua","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiwen","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"1886_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1001923","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001923","volume":"12","author":"AH Havelaar","year":"2015","unstructured":"Havelaar AH, Kirk MD, Torgerson PR, Gibb HJ, Hald T, Lake RJ, et al. World Health Organization global estimates and regional comparisons of the burden of foodborne disease in 2010. PLoS Med. 2015;12(12):e1001923. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001923.","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"1886_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1908.121511","volume":"19","author":"BR Jackson","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jackson BR, Griffin PM, Cole D, Walsh KA, Chai SJ. Outbreak-associated Salmonella enterica serotypes and food commodities, United States, 1998-2008. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(8):1239\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3201\/eid1908.121511.","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"issue":"13","key":"1886_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2802","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268816000121","volume":"144","author":"L Muller","year":"2016","unstructured":"Muller L, Kjelso C, Frank C, Jensen T, Torpdahl M, Soborg B, et al. Outbreak of Salmonella Strathcona caused by datterino tomatoes, Denmark, 2011. Epidemiol Infect. 2016;144(13):2802\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0950268816000121.","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"issue":"15","key":"1886_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6715a2","volume":"67","author":"KEH Marshall","year":"2018","unstructured":"Marshall KEH, Tewell M, Tecle S, Leeper M, Sinatra J, Kissler B, et al. Protracted Outbreak of Salmonella Newport Infections Linked to Ground Beef: Possible Role of Dairy Cows - 21 States, 2016\u20132017. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2018;67(15):443\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15585\/mmwr.mm6715a2.","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"1886_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e270","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268819001596","volume":"147","author":"M Laughlin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Laughlin M, Bottichio L, Weiss J, Higa J, McDonald E, Sowadsky R, et al. Multistate outbreak of Salmonella Poona infections associated with imported cucumbers, 2015-2016. Epidemiol Infect. 2019;147:e270. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0950268819001596.","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"issue":"8","key":"1886_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2010.0827","volume":"8","author":"L Ran","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ran L, Wu S, Gao Y, Zhang X, Feng Z, Wang Z, et al. Laboratory-based surveillance of nontyphoidal Salmonella infections in China. Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2011;8(8):921\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/fpd.2010.0827.","journal-title":"Foodborne Pathog Dis"},{"key":"1886_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fm.2017.08.018","volume":"71","author":"JM Besser","year":"2018","unstructured":"Besser JM. Salmonella epidemiology: a whirlwind of change. Food Microbiol. 2018;71:55\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fm.2017.08.018.","journal-title":"Food Microbiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1886_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.19-0171","volume":"101","author":"C Chen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chen C, Wang LP, Yu JX, Chen X, Wang RN, Yang XZ, et al. Prevalence of Enteropathogens in outpatients with acute diarrhea from urban and rural areas, Southeast China, 2010-2014. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2019;101(2):310\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4269\/ajtmh.19-0171.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"3","key":"1886_CR9","first-page":"210","volume":"30","author":"LH Su","year":"2007","unstructured":"Su LH, Chiu CH. Salmonella: clinical importance and evolution of nomenclature. Chang Gung Med J. 2007;30(3):210\u20139.","journal-title":"Chang Gung Med J"},{"key":"1886_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2025","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.02025","volume":"10","author":"X Qi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Qi X, Li P, Xu X, Yuan Y, Bu S, Lin D. Epidemiological and molecular investigations on Salmonella responsible for gastrointestinal infections in the southwest of Shanghai from 1998 to 2017. Front Microbiol. 2019;10:2025. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2019.02025.","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1886_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"010401","DOI":"10.7189\/jogh.02.010401","volume":"2","author":"GC Buckle","year":"2012","unstructured":"Buckle GC, Walker CL, Black RE. Typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever: systematic review to estimate global morbidity and mortality for 2010. J Glob Health. 2012;2(1):010401. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7189\/jogh.02.010401.","journal-title":"J Glob Health"},{"issue":"8","key":"1886_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2010.0787","volume":"8","author":"RS Hendriksen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hendriksen RS, Vieira AR, Karlsmose S. Lo Fo Wong DM, Jensen AB, Wegener HC, et al. global monitoring of Salmonella serovar distribution from the World Health Organization global foodborne infections network country data Bank: results of quality assured laboratories from 2001 to 2007. Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2011;8(8):887\u2013900. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/fpd.2010.0787.","journal-title":"Foodborne Pathog Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"1886_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1205.050854","volume":"12","author":"E Galanis","year":"2006","unstructured":"Galanis E. Lo Fo Wong DM, Patrick ME, Binsztein N, Cieslik a, Chalermchikit T, et al. web-based surveillance and global Salmonella distribution, 2000-2002. Emerg Infect Dis. 2006;12(3):381\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3201\/eid1205.050854.","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"1886_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.00510","volume":"8","author":"J Wang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wang J, Li Y, Xu X, Liang B, Wu F, Yang X, et al. Antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium in Shanghai, China. Front Microbiol. 2017;8:510. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2017.00510.","journal-title":"Front Microbiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"1886_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2013.1629","volume":"11","author":"Y Li","year":"2014","unstructured":"Li Y, Xie X, Xu X, Wang X, Chang H, Wang C, et al. Nontyphoidal salmonella infection in children with acute gastroenteritis: prevalence, serotypes, and antimicrobial resistance in Shanghai, China. Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2014;11(3):200\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/fpd.2013.1629.","journal-title":"Foodborne Pathog Dis"},{"key":"1886_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2104","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.02104","volume":"9","author":"L Zhang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhang L, Fu Y, Xiong Z, Ma Y, Wei Y, Qu X, et al. Highly prevalent multidrug-resistant Salmonella from chicken and pork meat at retail Markets in Guangdong, China. Front Microbiol. 2018;9:2104. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2018.02104.","journal-title":"Front Microbiol."},{"key":"1886_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-015-0784-4","volume":"15","author":"Z Liang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Liang Z, Ke B, Deng X, Liang J, Ran L, Lu L, et al. Serotypes, seasonal trends, and antibiotic resistance of non-typhoidal Salmonella from human patients in Guangdong Province, China, 2009-2012. BMC Infect Dis. 2015;15:53. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12879-015-0784-4.","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"1886_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-017-0171-6","volume":"6","author":"T Eguale","year":"2017","unstructured":"Eguale T, Birungi J, Asrat D, Njahira MN, Njuguna J, Gebreyes WA, et al. Genetic markers associated with resistance to beta-lactam and quinolone antimicrobials in non-typhoidal Salmonella isolates from humans and animals in Central Ethiopia. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control. 2017;6:13. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13756-017-0171-6.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Resist Infect Control"},{"key":"1886_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1926","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2016.01926","volume":"7","author":"H Shen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Shen H, Zhang J, Li Y, Xie S, Jiang Y, Wu Y, et al. The 12 gastrointestinal pathogens Spectrum of acute infectious diarrhea in a sentinel hospital, Shenzhen, China. Front Microbiol. 2016;7:1926. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2016.01926.","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1886_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2018.10.012","volume":"12","author":"B Liang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Liang B, Xie Y, He S, Mai J, Huang Y, Yang L, et al. Prevalence, serotypes, and drug resistance of nontyphoidal Salmonella among paediatric patients in a tertiary hospital in Guangzhou, China, 2014-2016. J Infect Public Health. 2019;12(2):252\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jiph.2018.10.012.","journal-title":"J Infect Public Health"},{"issue":"10","key":"1886_CR21","first-page":"897","volume":"33","author":"LD Long","year":"2017","unstructured":"Long LD, Wei HJ, WU SJ, Jiang PS, LI HJ, Zhuo F. Characteristics of drug resistance and molecular typing for Salmonella in diarrhea patients from four hospitals in Shenzhen. Chinese J Zoonoses. 2017;33(10):897\u2013902.","journal-title":"Chinese J Zoonoses"},{"issue":"3","key":"1886_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268804001992","volume":"132","author":"RS Kovats","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kovats RS, Edwards SJ, Hajat S, Armstrong BG, Ebi KL, Menne B. The effect of temperature on food poisoning: a time-series analysis of salmonellosis in ten European countries. Epidemiol Infect. 2004;132(3):443\u201353.","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"issue":"2","key":"1886_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.4161\/gmic.19141","volume":"3","author":"P Broz","year":"2012","unstructured":"Broz P, Ohlson MB, Monack DM. Innate immune response to Salmonella typhimurium, a model enteric pathogen. Gut Microbes. 2012;3(2):62\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4161\/gmic.19141.","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"issue":"4","key":"1886_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2017.2417","volume":"15","author":"N Paudyal","year":"2018","unstructured":"Paudyal N, Pan H, Liao X, Zhang X, Li X, Fang W, et al. A meta-analysis of major foodborne pathogens in Chinese food commodities between 2006 and 2016. Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2018;15(4):187\u201397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/fpd.2017.2417.","journal-title":"Foodborne Pathog Dis"},{"key":"1886_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2121","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.02121","volume":"10","author":"X Yang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yang X, Wu Q, Zhang J, Huang J, Chen L, Wu S, et al. Prevalence, bacterial load, and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella Serovars isolated from retail meat and meat products in China. Front Microbiol. 2019;10:2121. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2019.02121.","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"1886_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2019.04.037","volume":"104","author":"Y Li","year":"2019","unstructured":"Li Y, Pei XY, Zhang XL, Wu LL, Liu Y, Zhou HD, et al. A surveillance of microbiological contamination on raw poultry meat at retail markets in China. Food Control. 2019;104:99\u2013104. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.foodcont.2019.04.037.","journal-title":"Food Control"},{"issue":"2","key":"1886_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.20506\/rst.19.2.1222","volume":"19","author":"HL Shivaprasad","year":"2000","unstructured":"Shivaprasad HL. Fowl typhoid and pullorum disease. Rev Sci Tech. 2000;19(2):405\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20506\/rst.19.2.1222.","journal-title":"Rev Sci Tech"},{"issue":"3","key":"1886_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/89.3.259","volume":"89","author":"CN Mc","year":"1951","unstructured":"Mc CN, Eisele CW. Experimental human salmonellosis. IV. Pathogenicity of strains of Salmonella pullorum obtained from spray-dried whole egg. J Infect Dis. 1951;89(3):259\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/infdis\/89.3.259.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"1886_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1724","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X.JFP-11-215","volume":"74","author":"B Yang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Yang B, Xi M, Wang X, Cui S, Yue T, Hao H, et al. Prevalence of Salmonella on raw poultry at retail markets in China. J Food Prot. 2011;74(10):1724\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4315\/0362-028X.JFP-11-215.","journal-title":"J Food Prot"},{"issue":"1","key":"1886_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yapd.2015.04.005","volume":"62","author":"FJ Bula-Rudas","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bula-Rudas FJ, Rathore MH, Maraqa NF. Salmonella infections in childhood. Adv Pediatr Infect Dis. 2015;62(1):29\u201358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.yapd.2015.04.005.","journal-title":"Adv Pediatr Infect Dis"},{"key":"1886_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4614-4726-9_2","volume":"764","author":"GM Haeusler","year":"2013","unstructured":"Haeusler GM, Curtis N. Non-typhoidal Salmonella in children: microbiology, epidemiology and treatment. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2013;764:13\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-4614-4726-9_2.","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"1886_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.03.030","volume":"180","author":"J Lai","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lai J, Wu C, Wu C, Qi J, Wang Y, Wang H, et al. Serotype distribution and antibiotic resistance of Salmonella in food-producing animals in Shandong province of China, 2009 and 2012. Int J Food Microbiol. 2014;180:30\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.03.030.","journal-title":"Int J Food Microbiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1886_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2018.2557","volume":"16","author":"Z Wei","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wei Z, Xu X, Yan M, Chang H, Li Y, Kan B, et al. Salmonella Typhimurium and Salmonella Enteritidis infections in sporadic diarrhea in children: source tracing and resistance to third-generation Cephalosporins and ciprofloxacin. Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2019;16(4):244\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/fpd.2018.2557.","journal-title":"Foodborne Pathog Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"1886_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"DC14","DOI":"10.7860\/JCDR\/2016\/17677.8153","volume":"10","author":"M Gopal","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gopal M, Elumalai S, Arumugam S, Durairajpandian V, Kannan MA, Selvam E, et al. GyrA ser83 and ParC trp106 mutations in Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi isolated from typhoid fever patients in tertiary care hospital. J Clin Diagn Res. 2016;10(7):DC14\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7860\/JCDR\/2016\/17677.8153.","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"1886_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4012","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.48.10.4012-4015.2004","volume":"48","author":"DJ Eaves","year":"2004","unstructured":"Eaves DJ, Randall L, Gray DT, Buckley A, Woodward MJ, White AP, et al. Prevalence of mutations within the quinolone resistance-determining region of gyrA, gyrB, parC, and parE and association with antibiotic resistance in quinolone-resistant Salmonella enterica. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2004;48(10):4012\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/AAC.48.10.4012-4015.2004.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"1886_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14754","DOI":"10.1038\/srep14754","volume":"5","author":"D Lin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lin D, Chen K, Wai-Chi Chan E, Chen S. Increasing prevalence of ciprofloxacin-resistant food-borne Salmonella strains harboring multiple PMQR elements but not target gene mutations. Sci Rep. 2015;5:14754. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/srep14754.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"12","key":"1886_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2017.2291","volume":"14","author":"J Shen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shen J, Yang B, Gu Q, Zhang G, Yang J, Xue F, et al. The role of AcrAB-TolC efflux pump in mediating Fluoroquinolone resistance in naturally occurring Salmonella isolates from China. Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2017;14(12):728\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/fpd.2017.2291.","journal-title":"Foodborne Pathog Dis"},{"key":"1886_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Humphries RM, Abbott AN, Hindler JA. Understanding and addressing CLSI breakpoint revisions: a primer for clinical laboratories. J Clin Microbiol. 2019;57(6). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JCM.00203-19.","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00203-19"},{"issue":"11","key":"1886_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e8029","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0008029","volume":"4","author":"A Fabrega","year":"2009","unstructured":"Fabrega A, du Merle L, Le Bouguenec C, Jimenez de Anta MT, Vila J. Repression of invasion genes and decreased invasion in a high-level fluoroquinolone-resistant Salmonella typhimurium mutant. PLoS One. 2009;4(11):e8029. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0008029.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"4","key":"1886_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dki293","volume":"56","author":"LP Randall","year":"2005","unstructured":"Randall LP, Coldham NG, Woodward MJ. Detection of mutations in Salmonella enterica gyrA, gyrB, parC and parE genes by denaturing high performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) using standard HPLC instrumentation. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2005;56(4):619\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jac\/dki293.","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"}],"container-title":["BMC Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12866-020-01886-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12866-020-01886-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12866-020-01886-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,5]],"date-time":"2021-07-05T19:40:23Z","timestamp":1625514023000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcmicrobiol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12866-020-01886-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,6]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1886"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12866-020-01886-5","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.2.19682\/v2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.2.19682\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1471-2180"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2180","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"16 April 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 June 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 July 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"All aspects of the study were performed in accordance with national ethics regulations and approved by the Ethics Committees of the participated organizations, including Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Futian District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and the sentinel hospitals. Participants received information regarding the purpose of this study and of their right to confidentiality. Written consent was obtained from the participants or the parents or guardians of the pediatric patients.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"197"}}