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In this study, we selected 50 Gram-negative bacterial strains, including 26 strains of <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> and 24 strains of <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>, to explore whether resveratrol and polymyxin B have a synergistic killing effect.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>MIC values against polymyxin B were\u2009\u2265\u20094\u2009\u03bcg\/mL for 44 of the strains and were 2\u2009\u03bcg\/mL for the other 6 strains. MICs against polymyxin B in the isolates tested were significantly reduced by the addition of resveratrol. The degree of decline depended on the bacteria, ranging from 1\/2 MIC to 1\/512 MIC, and the higher the concentration of resveratrol, the greater the decrease. Checkerboard analysis indicated a synergistic effect between resveratrol and polymyxin B; the optimal drug concentration for different bacteria was different, that of resveratrol ranging from 32\u2009\u03bcg\/mL to 128\u2009\u03bcg\/mL. Subsequent time-kill experiments showed that a combination of polymyxin B and resveratrol was more effective in killing bacteria.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Our in vitro studies have shown that resveratrol can increase the sensitivity of MDR bacterial strains to polymyxin B, suggesting a potential new approach to the treatment of MDR infections.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-020-01995-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,12]],"date-time":"2020-10-12T13:02:56Z","timestamp":1602507776000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Resveratrol enhances the antimicrobial effect of polymyxin B on Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli isolates with polymyxin B resistance"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Li","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingyi","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaofei","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xingwei","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Zhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yinjuan","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4924-2484","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fangyou","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"1995_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1685","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit152","volume":"56","author":"HW Boucher","year":"2013","unstructured":"Boucher HW, Talbot GH, Benjamin DK Jr, Bradley J, Guidos RJ, Jones RN, Murray BE, Bonomo RA, Gilbert D, Infectious Diseases Society of A. 10 x '20 Progress--development of new drugs active against gram-negative bacilli: an update from the Infectious Diseases Society of America. 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