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One of the contributing factors to the pathogenesis of T1D is the composition of the intestinal microbiota, as has been demonstrated. in T1D patients, with some studies demonstrating a deficiency in their levels of\n                      <jats:italic>Prevotella<\/jats:italic>\n                      . We have isolated a strain of\n                      <jats:italic>Prevotella histicola<\/jats:italic>\n                      from a duodenal biopsy that has anti-inflammatory properties, and in addition, alters the development of autoimmune diseases in mouse models. Therefore, our hypothesis is that the oral administration of\n                      <jats:italic>P. histicola<\/jats:italic>\n                      might delay the development of T1D in the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. To assess this, we used the following materials and methods. Female NOD mice (ages 5\u20138\u2009weeks) were administered every other day\n                      <jats:italic>P. histicola<\/jats:italic>\n                      that was cultured in-house. Blood glucose levels were measured every other week. Mice were sacrificed at various time points for histopathological analysis of the pancreas. Modulation of immune response by the commensal was tested by analyzing regulatory T-cells and NKp46+ cells using flow cytometry and intestinal cytokine mRNA transcript levels using quantitative RT-PCR. For microbial composition, 16\u2009s rRNA gene analysis was conducted on stool samples collected at various time points.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Administration of\n                      <jats:italic>P. histicola<\/jats:italic>\n                      in NOD mice delayed the onset of T1D. Beta diversity in the fecal microbiomes demonstrated that the microbial composition of the mice administered\n                      <jats:italic>P. histicola<\/jats:italic>\n                      was different from those that were not treated. Treatment with\n                      <jats:italic>P. histicola<\/jats:italic>\n                      led to a significant increase in regulatory T cells with a concomitant decrease in NKp46+ cells in the pancreatic lymph nodes as compared to the untreated group after 5\u2009weeks of treatment.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      These observations suggest that\n                      <jats:italic>P. histicola<\/jats:italic>\n                      treatment delayed onset of diabetes by increasing the levels of regulatory T cells in the pancreatic lymph nodes. This preliminary work supports the rationale that enteral exposure to a non pathogenic commensal\n                      <jats:italic>P. histicola<\/jats:italic>\n                      be tested as a future therapy for T1D.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-021-02406-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,4]],"date-time":"2022-01-04T08:02:50Z","timestamp":1641283370000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Administration of Human Derived Upper gut Commensal Prevotella histicola delays the onset of type 1 diabetes in NOD mice"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Eric","family":"Marietta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irina","family":"Horwath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shahryar","family":"Khaleghi-Rostamkolaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Norman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Luckey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baskar","family":"Balakrishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashutosh","family":"Mangalam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rok Seon","family":"Choung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veena","family":"Taneja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph A.","family":"Murray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9680","key":"2406_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2027","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60568-7","volume":"373","author":"CC Patterson","year":"2009","unstructured":"Patterson CC, Dahlquist GG, Gyurus E, Green A, Soltesz G, Group ES. 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