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Expression of <jats:italic>ermB<\/jats:italic> is also induced by 16-membered ring macrolides (tylosin, josamycin and spiramycin), but the mechanism underlying this induction is unknown.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We introduced premature termination codons, alanine-scanning mutagenesis and amino acid mutations in <jats:italic>ermBL<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>ermBL2.<\/jats:italic><\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In this paper, we demonstrated that 16-membered ring macrolides can induce <jats:italic>ermB<\/jats:italic> expression but not <jats:italic>ermC<\/jats:italic> expression. The truncated mutants of the <jats:italic>ermB<\/jats:italic>-coding sequence indicate that the regulatory regions of <jats:italic>ermB<\/jats:italic> whose expression is induced by Ery and 16-membered ring macrolides are different. We proved that translation of the N-terminal region of <jats:italic>ermBL<\/jats:italic> is key for the induction of <jats:italic>ermB<\/jats:italic> expression by Ery, spiramycin (Spi) and tylosin (Tyl). We also demonstrated that <jats:italic>ermBL<\/jats:italic>2 is critical for the induction of <jats:italic>ermB<\/jats:italic> expression by erythromycin but not by 16-membered ring macrolides.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The translation of <jats:italic>ermBL<\/jats:italic> and the RNA sequence of the C-terminus of <jats:italic>ermBL<\/jats:italic> are critical for the induction of <jats:italic>ermB<\/jats:italic> expression by Spi and Tyl.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-022-02565-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,9]],"date-time":"2022-06-09T09:13:49Z","timestamp":1654766029000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["16-membered ring macrolides and erythromycin induce ermB expression by different mechanisms"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Weizhi","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hua","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lijun","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shasha","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"18","key":"2565_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2967","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.13936","volume":"174","author":"GP Dinos","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dinos GP. 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