{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T06:04:45Z","timestamp":1775714685417,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,26]],"date-time":"2024-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711411200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,26]],"date-time":"2024-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711411200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Microbiol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cameroon is a tuberculosis (TB) burden country with a 12% positivity among TB presumptive cases. Of the presumptive cases with a negative TB test, some are infected with Non-tuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM). However, the diagnosis of NTM infections remains difficult due to the lack of tools in many laboratories, particularly in resource limited laboratories and remote setting. The present study was undertaken to determine NTM profile and associated comorbidities among TB presumptive people.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective study was conducted from December 2018 to December 2019 in the Tuberculosis-National Reference Laboratory (TB-NRL) for Bacteriological analysis of samples and Jamot Hospital of Yaounde (JHY) for clinical evaluation of confirmed NTM patients.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>We included in this study data of 5267\u00a0TB presumptive people previously diagnosed using three consecutive samples and having culture and SD Bioline results with or without Microscopy and reverse hybridization-based Line Probe Assay(LPA) results. The data on co-morbidities or history of people infected with NTM were then collected from the three participants with available clinical data.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We collected data of 5267 presumptive TB people. Among them, 3436 (65.24%), have a positive culture with 3200 (60.75%) isolates belong to\n                      <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n                      Complex (MBTC) and 236 (4.48%) to NTM. Our results showed that, 123 (52.11%) NTM were isolated from people with negative microscopy and 113 (47.88%) from people with positive microscopy. Among the 236 NTM, 108 (45.8%) isolates were identified using LPA.\n                      <jats:italic>M. fortuitum<\/jats:italic>\n                      was the most represented species (32.41%) followed by\n                      <jats:italic>M. intracellulare<\/jats:italic>\n                      (19.44%). Sputum had the highest proportion of NTM (56%), followed by bronchial aspirations (31%). The extra-pulmonary samples presented lower proportions of isolates compared to pulmonary samples. Some patients affected with NTM presented comorbidities as HIV infection, Pulmonary tuberculosis, Type 2 diabetes, Chronic bronchitis and Alveolar pneumonia.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Our study showed the presence of NTM strains among presumptive TB people with a predominance of\n                      <jats:italic>M. fortuitum<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>M. intracellulare<\/jats:italic>\n                      . It is important to implement a surveillance system of NTM in TB burden country and also to develop a point-of-care test for NTM identification in limited-resource settings.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-024-03256-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,26]],"date-time":"2024-03-26T06:02:10Z","timestamp":1711432930000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Profile of non-tuberculous mycobacteria amongst tuberculosis presumptive people in Cameroon"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Valerie Flore","family":"Donkeng Donfack","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thierry Anicet Zemo","family":"Fokou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lazare Eric Noche","family":"Wadje","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yves","family":"Le Grand Napa Tchuedji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yvonne Josiane","family":"Djieugoue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sorelle","family":"Nguimfack Teagho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brenda","family":"Shile Takong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yannick Patrick","family":"Assolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suzanne Magloire","family":"Ongboulal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yannick Willy Kamdem","family":"Simo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stanley Nkemnji","family":"Awungafac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Eyangoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"3256_CR1","unstructured":"Wallace R. 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According to the Ethics Committee for Human Health Research, the need for informed consent was deemed unnecessary because data were collected from routine analysis. Administrative permission was not required to access the raw data used in our study according to national regulations as the corresponding author of this study is the head of the TB-NRL of Cameroon. At the TB-NRL, all samples received are coded before being processed. For the study purposes, a second codification was assigned to each sample prior to data collection and analysis.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"100"}}