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This resistance is compounded by its ability to form biofilms, dense bacterial communities that are challenging to eliminate via standard antibiotic therapies. As such, targeting biofilm formation is considered a viable strategy for addressing these infections. This study assessed the effectiveness of surfactin, a cyclic lipopeptide biosurfactant synthesized by <jats:italic>Bacillus subtilis<\/jats:italic> natto NTU-18, in preventing biofilm formation by <jats:italic>E. faecalis<\/jats:italic>. Analytical characterization of surfactin was performed via liquid chromatography\u2012mass spectrometry (LC\u2012MS). Additionally, transcriptomic sequencing and quantitative PCR (qPCR) were used to investigate alterations in <jats:italic>E. faecalis<\/jats:italic> gene expression following treatment with surfactin. The data revealed notable suppression of crucial virulence-related genes responsible for pilus construction and exopolysaccharide synthesis, both of which are vital for <jats:italic>E. faecalis<\/jats:italic> adhesion and biofilm structure. Functional tests confirmed that surfactin treatment substantially reduced <jats:italic>E. faecalis<\/jats:italic> attachment to Caco-2 cell monolayers and curtailed exopolysaccharide production. Moreover, confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed significant thinning of the biofilms. These observations support the potential utility of surfactin as a therapeutic agent to manage biofilm-associated infections caused by <jats:italic>E. faecalis<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-025-03786-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]],"date-time":"2025-02-24T07:28:34Z","timestamp":1740382114000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Surfactin inhibits enterococcal biofilm formation via interference with pilus and exopolysaccharide biosynthesis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Chun-Yi","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hung-Tse","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Ting","family":"Chiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1386-6586","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kung-Ta","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"3786_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2010.03214.x","volume":"16","author":"CA Arias","year":"2010","unstructured":"Arias CA, Contreras GA, Murray BE. 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