{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T04:23:20Z","timestamp":1790310200098,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]],"date-time":"2025-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742342400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]],"date-time":"2025-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742342400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Microbiol"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-025-03870-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]],"date-time":"2025-03-19T00:55:39Z","timestamp":1742345739000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Virulence traits, agr typing, multidrug resistance patterns, and biofilm ability of MDR Staphylococcus aureus recovered from clinical and subclinical mastitis in dairy cows"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Nada H.","family":"Eidaroos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5580-1559","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdelazeem M.","family":"Algammal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walaa Ismail","family":"Mohamaden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asma Massad","family":"Alenzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saad","family":"Alghamdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Kabrah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heba Sayed","family":"El-Mahallawy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamza M.","family":"Eid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alaa Abd","family":"Algwad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samar Ali","family":"Asfor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heinrich","family":"Neubauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5105-4637","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amira A.","family":"Moawad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reham M.","family":"El-Tarabili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"3870_CR1","unstructured":"Abutarbush SM. Veterinary Medicine \u2014 A Textbook of the Diseases of Cattle, Horses, Sheep, Pigs and Goats, 10th edition. Can Vet J. 2010;51(5):541."},{"key":"3870_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.31838\/srp.2020.7.28","volume":"11","author":"A Khairullah","year":"2020","unstructured":"Khairullah A, Ramandinianto S, Effendi M. A Review of Livestock-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) on Bovine Mastitis. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy. 2020;11:172\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31838\/srp.2020.7.28.","journal-title":"Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy"},{"key":"3870_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ruegg P. Managing cows, milking and the environment to minimize mastitis. Japanese Journal of Large Animal Clinics. 2015;5:210-; https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4190\/jjlac.5.210.","DOI":"10.4190\/jjlac.5.210"},{"issue":"1","key":"3870_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-022-03389-z","volume":"18","author":"A Selim","year":"2022","unstructured":"Selim A, Kelis K, AlKahtani MDF, Albohairy FM, Attia KA. Prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibilities and risk factors of Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in dairy bovines. BMC Vet Res. 2022;18(1):293. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12917-022-03389-z.","journal-title":"BMC Vet Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"3870_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30606","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-81516-6","volume":"14","author":"YH Tartor","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tartor YH, Enany ME, Ismail NI, El-Demerdash AS, Eidaroos NH, Algendy RM, et al. Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus endangers Egyptian dairy herds. Sci Rep. 2024;14(1):30606. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-024-81516-6.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"5","key":"3870_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1128\/CDLI.8.5.959-964.2001","volume":"8","author":"O Akineden","year":"2001","unstructured":"Akineden O, Annemuller C, Hassan AA, Lammler C, Wolter W, Zschock M. Toxin genes and other characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from milk of cows with mastitis. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 2001;8(5):959\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/CDLI.8.5.959-964.2001.","journal-title":"Clin Diagn Lab Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"3870_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2004.03.016","volume":"101","author":"D Scherrer","year":"2004","unstructured":"Scherrer D, Corti S, Muehlherr JE, Zweifel C, Stephan R. Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from raw bulk-tank milk samples of goats and sheep. Vet Microbiol. 2004;101(2):101\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vetmic.2004.03.016.","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol"},{"key":"3870_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2563","DOI":"10.1016\/B0-12-227235-8\/00471-5","volume-title":"Encyclopedia of Dairy Sciences","author":"H Asperger","year":"2002","unstructured":"Asperger H, Zangerl P. STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS. In: Roginski H, editor. Encyclopedia of Dairy Sciences. Oxford: Elsevier; 2002. p. 2563\u20139."},{"issue":"5","key":"3870_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2866","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2012-5864","volume":"96","author":"GF de Freitas","year":"2013","unstructured":"de Freitas GF, N\u00f3brega DB, Richini-Pereira VB, Marson PM, de Figueiredo Pantoja JC, Langoni H. Enterotoxin genes in coagulase-negative and coagulase-positive staphylococci isolated from bovine milk. J Dairy Sci. 2013;96(5):2866\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3168\/jds.2012-5864.","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"3870_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1002\/jobm.201500488","volume":"56","author":"Q Lou","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lou Q, Ma Y, Qu D. Two-component signal transduction system SaeRS is involved in competence and penicillin susceptibility in Staphylococcus epidermidis. J Basic Microbiol. 2016;56(4):358\u201368.","journal-title":"J Basic Microbiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"3870_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"0022","DOI":"10.1128\/microbiolspec.VMBF-0022-2015","volume":"4","author":"AE Paharik","year":"2016","unstructured":"Paharik AE, Horswill AR. The Staphylococcal Biofilm: Adhesins, Regulation, and Host Response. Microbiol Spectr. 2016;4(2):0022\u20132015.","journal-title":"Microbiol Spectr"},{"issue":"Pt 8","key":"3870_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2265","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.2007\/011874-0","volume":"154","author":"KE Traber","year":"2008","unstructured":"Traber KE, Lee E, Benson S, Corrigan R, Cantera M, Shopsin B, et al. agr function in clinical Staphylococcus aureus isolates. Microbiology. 2008;154(Pt 8):2265\u201374.","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"3870_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Powers ME, Bubeck Wardenburg J. Igniting the fire: Staphylococcus aureus virulence factors in the pathogenesis of sepsis. PLoS Pathog. 2014;10(2).","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003871"},{"issue":"4","key":"3870_CR14","first-page":"258","volume":"10","author":"A Ghasemian","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ghasemian A, Najar Peerayeh S, Bakhshi B, Mirzaee M. The Microbial Surface Components Recognizing Adhesive Matrix Molecules (MSCRAMMs) Genes among Clinical Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from Hospitalized Children. Iran J Pathol. 2015;10(4):258\u201364.","journal-title":"Iran J Pathol"},{"key":"3870_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Xu D, Shi L, Cai R, Li C, Yan H. Association Between agr Type, Virulence Factors, Biofilm Formation and Antibiotic Resistance of Staphylococcus aureus Isolates From Pork Production. Frontiers in Microbiology. 2018;9; https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2018.01876.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.01876"},{"key":"3870_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Neelam, Jain VK, Singh M, Joshi VG, Chhabra R, Singh K, et al. Virulence and antimicrobial resistance gene profiles of Staphylococcus aureus associated with clinical mastitis in cattle. PLoS One. 2022;17(5).","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0264762"},{"key":"3870_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kobayashi SD, DeLeo FR. Staphylococcus aureus protein A promotes immune suppression. mBio. 2013;4(5):00764\u201313.","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00764-13"},{"issue":"1","key":"3870_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.3700501","volume":"87","author":"S Boyle-Vavra","year":"2007","unstructured":"Boyle-Vavra S, Daum RS. Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: the role of Panton-Valentine leukocidin. Lab Invest. 2007;87(1):3\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/labinvest.3700501.","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"issue":"4","key":"3870_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3368","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2019-17420","volume":"103","author":"Q Ren","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ren Q, Liao G, Wu Z, Lv J, Chen W. Prevalence and characterization of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from subclinical bovine mastitis in southern Xinjiang. China J Dairy Sci. 2020;103(4):3368\u201380.","journal-title":"China J Dairy Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"3870_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1751","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins2071751","volume":"2","author":"M Argud\u00edn","year":"2010","unstructured":"Argud\u00edn M, Mendoza MC, Rodicio MR. Food poisoning and Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins. Toxins (Basel). 2010;2(7):1751\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/toxins2071751.","journal-title":"Toxins (Basel)"},{"key":"3870_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Salam MA, Al-Amin MY, Salam MT, Pawar JS, Akhter N, Rabaan AA, et al. Antimicrobial Resistance: A Growing Serious Threat for Global Public Health. Healthcare (Basel). 2023;11(13); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/healthcare11131946.","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare11131946"},{"key":"3870_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2016.08.016","volume":"99","author":"M Emaneini","year":"2016","unstructured":"Emaneini M, Jabalameli F, Mirsalehian A, Ghasemi A, Beigverdi R. Characterization of virulence factors, antimicrobial resistance pattern and clonal complexes of group B streptococci isolated from neonates. Microb Pathog. 2016;99:119\u201322.","journal-title":"Microb Pathog"},{"key":"3870_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schroeder M, Brooks BD, Brooks AE. The Complex Relationship between Virulence and Antibiotic Resistance. Genes. 2017;8(1).","DOI":"10.3390\/genes8010039"},{"issue":"2","key":"3870_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1017\/s0022029903006022","volume":"70","author":"AC Clements","year":"2003","unstructured":"Clements AC, Taylor DJ, Fitzpatrick JL. Evaluation of diagnostic procedures for subclinical mastitis in meat-producing sheep. J Dairy Res. 2003;70(2):139\u201348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0022029903006022.","journal-title":"J Dairy Res"},{"key":"3870_CR25","unstructured":"Quinn P, Markey B, Leonard F, FitzPatrick E, Fanning S, Hartigan P. Veterinary Microbiology and Microbial Disease Second edition. 912pp. 2011. Oxford, Wiley-Blackwell. P J Quinn, B K Markey, F C Leonard, E S FitzPatrick, S Fanning and P J Hartigan. 2011."},{"issue":"10","key":"3870_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3411","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.37.10.3411-3414.1999","volume":"37","author":"SR Monday","year":"1999","unstructured":"Monday SR, Bohach GA. Use of multiplex PCR to detect classical and newly described pyrogenic toxin genes in staphylococcal isolates. J Clin Microbiol. 1999;37(10):3411\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jcm.37.10.3411-3414.1999.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"3870_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.44.3.1141-1144.2006","volume":"44","author":"J-A McClure","year":"2006","unstructured":"McClure J-A, Conly John M, Lau V, Elsayed S, Louie T, Hutchins W, et al. Novel Multiplex PCR Assay for Detection of the Staphylococcal Virulence Marker Panton-Valentine Leukocidin Genes and Simultaneous Discrimination of Methicillin-Susceptible from -Resistant Staphylococci. J Clin Microbiol. 2006;44(3):1141\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jcm.44.3.1141-1144.2006.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"3870_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.22.6.996-1006.1985","volume":"22","author":"GD Christensen","year":"1985","unstructured":"Christensen GD, Simpson WA, Younger JJ, Baddour LM, Barrett FF, Melton DM, et al. Adherence of coagulase-negative staphylococci to plastic tissue culture plates: a quantitative model for the adherence of staphylococci to medical devices. J Clin Microbiol. 1985;22(6):996\u20131006. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jcm.22.6.996-1006.1985.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"3870_CR29","unstructured":"Performance Standards for Anti-Microbial Susceptibility Testing. 32 edn. Wayne, Pennsylvania.: Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) 2022."},{"issue":"3","key":"3870_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03570.x","volume":"18","author":"AP Magiorakos","year":"2012","unstructured":"Magiorakos AP, Srinivasan A, Carey RB, Carmeli Y, Falagas ME, Giske CG, et al. Multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant and pandrug-resistant bacteria: an international expert proposal for interim standard definitions for acquired resistance. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2012;18(3):268\u201381.","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"issue":"2","key":"3870_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.2008.03765.x","volume":"105","author":"MD Blasco","year":"2008","unstructured":"Blasco MD, Esteve C, Alcaide E. Multiresistant waterborne pathogens isolated from water reservoirs and cooling systems. J Appl Microbiol. 2008;105(2):469\u201375.","journal-title":"J Appl Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3870_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.14202\/vetworld.2022.205-212","volume":"15","author":"ES Ibrahim","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ibrahim ES, Arafa AA, Dorgam SM, Eid RH, Atta NS, El-Dabae WH, et al. Molecular characterization of genes responsible for biofilm formation in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from mastitic cows. Vet World. 2022;15(1):205\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14202\/vetworld.2022.205-212.","journal-title":"Vet World"},{"issue":"1","key":"3870_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18172","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-75179-2","volume":"10","author":"J Hoekstra","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hoekstra J, Zomer AL, Rutten VPMG, Benedictus L, Stegeman A, Spaninks MP, et al. Genomic analysis of European bovine Staphylococcus aureus from clinical versus subclinical mastitis. Sci Rep. 2020;10(1):18172. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-020-75179-2.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"6","key":"3870_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2631","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.942","volume":"8","author":"MN Hoque","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hoque MN, Talukder AK, Saha O, Hasan MM, Sultana M, Rahman AA, et al. Antibiogram and virulence profiling reveals multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus as the predominant aetiology of subclinical mastitis in riverine buffaloes. Vet Med Sci. 2022;8(6):2631\u201345.","journal-title":"Vet Med Sci"},{"key":"3870_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Painuli S, Semwal P, Sharma R, Akash S. Superbugs or multidrug resistant microbes: A new threat to the society. Health Sci Rep. 2023;6(8).","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.1480"},{"key":"3870_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Desisa F, Makita K, Teklu A, Grace D. Contamination of informally marketed bovine milk with Staphylococcus aureus in urban and peri urban areas of Debre-Zeit, Ethiopia. African Journal of Microbiology Research. 2012;6; https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5897\/ajmr12.151.","DOI":"10.5897\/ajmr12.151"},{"key":"3870_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"El Faramaway R.T EEA, Abdel-Tawab A. Ashraf , Walid S. Mousa. Antibiogram Profile and Molecular Characterization of coa and spa Genes Of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from Clinical Mastitis. Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2019;61(1):32\u20138.","DOI":"10.5455\/ajvs.41507"},{"issue":"9","key":"3870_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10254","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph120910254","volume":"12","author":"MA Akindolire","year":"2015","unstructured":"Akindolire MA, Babalola OO, Ateba CN. Detection of Antibiotic Resistant Staphylococcus aureus from Milk: A Public Health Implication. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2015;12(9):10254\u201375.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"3870_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2006.10.050","volume":"115","author":"A K\u00e9rouanton","year":"2007","unstructured":"K\u00e9rouanton A, Hennekinne JA, Letertre C, Petit L, Chesneau O, Brisabois A, et al. Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus strains associated with food poisoning outbreaks in France. Int J Food Microbiol. 2007;115(3):369\u201375.","journal-title":"Int J Food Microbiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"3870_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6876","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2018-16208","volume":"102","author":"Y Titouche","year":"2019","unstructured":"Titouche Y, Hakem A, Houali K, Meheut T, Vingadassalon N, Ruiz-Ripa L, et al. Emergence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) ST8 in raw milk and traditional dairy products in the Tizi Ouzou area of Algeria. J Dairy Sci. 2019;102(8):6876\u201384.","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci"},{"key":"3870_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dai J, Wu S, Huang J, Wu Q, Zhang F, Zhang J, et al. Prevalence and Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated From Pasteurized Milk in China. Front Microbiol. 2019;10(641).","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.00641"},{"issue":"11","key":"3870_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8796","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13370","volume":"100","author":"H Liu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Liu H, Li S, Meng L, Dong L, Zhao S, Lan X, et al. Prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility, and molecular characterization of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from dairy herds in northern China. J Dairy Sci. 2017;100(11):8796\u2013803. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3168\/jds.2017-13370.","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci"},{"key":"3870_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Algammal AM, Enany ME, El-Tarabili RM, Ghobashy MOI, Helmy YA. Prevalence, Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles, Virulence and Enterotoxins-Determinant Genes of MRSA Isolated from Subclinical Bovine Mastitis in Egypt. Pathogens. 2020;9(5).","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens9050362"},{"issue":"1","key":"3870_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2010.10.005","volume":"58","author":"C Feucht","year":"2011","unstructured":"Feucht C, Patel DR. Principles of pharmacology. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2011;58(1):11\u20139.","journal-title":"Pediatr Clin North Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"3870_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-024-03288-3","volume":"24","author":"A Deddefo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Deddefo A, Mamo G, Asfaw M, Edao A, Hiko A, Fufa D, et al. Occurrence, antimicrobial susceptibility, and resistance genes of Staphylococcus aureus in milk and milk products in the Arsi highlands of Ethiopia. BMC Microbiol. 2024;24(1):127. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12866-024-03288-3.","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol"},{"key":"3870_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2015.02.013","volume":"54","author":"H Jamali","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jamali H, Paydar M, Radmehr B, Ismail S, Dadrasnia A. Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from raw milk and dairy products. Food Control. 2015;54:383\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.foodcont.2015.02.013.","journal-title":"Food Control"},{"issue":"1","key":"3870_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"022","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-022-01058-2","volume":"11","author":"EE Chukwu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chukwu EE, Awoderu OB, Enwuru CA, Afocha EE, Lawal RG, Ahmed RA, et al. High prevalence of resistance to third-generation cephalosporins detected among clinical isolates from sentinel healthcare facilities in Lagos. Nigeria Antimicrob Resist Infect Control. 2022;11(1):022\u201301171.","journal-title":"Nigeria Antimicrob Resist Infect Control"},{"issue":"1","key":"3870_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3142231","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/3142231","volume":"2023","author":"N Feyissa","year":"2023","unstructured":"Feyissa N, Alemu T, Jirata Birri D, Desalegn A, Sombo M, Abera S. Isolation and Determination of Antibacterial Sensitivity Characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus from Lactating Cows in West Shewa Zone, Ethiopia. Veterinary Medicine International. 2023;2023(1):3142231. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2023\/3142231.","journal-title":"Veterinary Medicine International"},{"key":"3870_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Haulisah NA, Hassan L, Bejo SK, Jajere SM, Ahmad NI. High Levels of Antibiotic Resistance in Isolates From Diseased Livestock. Frontiers in Veterinary Science. 2021;8; https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fvets.2021.652351.","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2021.652351"},{"key":"3870_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abd El-Hamid MI, El-Tarabili RM, Bahnass MM, Alshahrani MA, Saif A, Alwutayd KM, et al. Partnering essential oils with antibiotics: proven therapies against bovine Staphylococcus aureus mastitis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2023;13(1265027).","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2023.1265027"},{"key":"3870_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Jans C, Wambui J, Stevens MJA, Tasara T. Comparative genomics of dairy-associated Staphylococcus aureus from selected sub-Saharan African regions reveals milk as reservoir for human-and animal-derived strains and identifies a putative animal-related clade with presumptive novel siderophore. Frontiers in Microbiology. 2022;13; https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2022.923080.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.923080"},{"key":"3870_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Notcovich S, DeNicolo G, Flint SH, Williamson NB, Gedye K, Grinberg A, et al. Biofilm-Forming Potential of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Clinical Mastitis Cases in New Zealand. Vet Sci. 2018;5(1).","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci5010008"},{"key":"3870_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Le KY, Otto M. Quorum-sensing regulation in staphylococci\u2014an overview. Frontiers in Microbiology. 2015;6; https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2015.01174.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2015.01174"},{"key":"3870_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tan L, Li SR, Jiang B, Hu XM, Li S. Therapeutic Targeting of the Staphylococcus aureus Accessory Gene Regulator (agr) System. Frontiers in Microbiology. 2018;9; https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2018.00055.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.00055"},{"issue":"2","key":"3870_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01215-06","volume":"75","author":"FR Buzzola","year":"2007","unstructured":"Buzzola FR, Alvarez LP, Tuchscherr LP, Barbagelata MS, Lattar SM, Calvinho L, et al. Differential abilities of capsulated and noncapsulated Staphylococcus aureus isolates from diverse agr groups to invade mammary epithelial cells. Infect Immun. 2007;75(2):886\u201391.","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"3","key":"3870_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3564","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2020-19275","volume":"104","author":"BF Rossi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rossi BF, Bonsaglia ECR, Pantoja JCF, Santos MV, Gon\u00e7alves JL, Fernandes J\u00fanior A, et al. Short communication: Association between the accessory gene regulator (agr) group and the severity of bovine mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus. J Dairy Sci. 2021;104(3):3564\u20138.","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci"},{"key":"3870_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rocha LS, Silva DM, Silva MP, Vidigal PMP, Silva JCF, Guerra ST, et al. Comparative genomics of Staphylococcus aureus associated with subclinical and clinical bovine mastitis. PLoS One. 2019;14(8).","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0220804"},{"issue":"5","key":"3870_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1305","DOI":"10.1111\/jam.14402","volume":"127","author":"N Zaatout","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zaatout N, Ayachi A, Kecha M, Kadlec K. Identification of staphylococci causing mastitis in dairy cattle from Algeria and characterization of Staphylococcus aureus. J Appl Microbiol. 2019;127(5):1305\u201314.","journal-title":"J Appl Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3870_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"017","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-017-0931-8","volume":"17","author":"E Capra","year":"2017","unstructured":"Capra E, Cremonesi P, Pietrelli A, Puccio S, Luini M, Stella A, et al. Genomic and transcriptomic comparison between Staphylococcus aureus strains associated with high and low within herd prevalence of intra-mammary infection. BMC Microbiol. 2017;17(1):017\u20130931.","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"3870_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2013.01.004","volume":"150","author":"A Zecconi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zecconi A, Scali F. Staphylococcus aureus virulence factors in evasion from innate immune defenses in human and animal diseases. Immunol Lett. 2013;150(1\u20132):12\u201322.","journal-title":"Immunol Lett"},{"issue":"34","key":"3870_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6621","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2009.08.032","volume":"30","author":"D Campoccia","year":"2009","unstructured":"Campoccia D, Speziale P, Ravaioli S, Cangini I, Rindi S, Pirini V, et al. The presence of both bone sialoprotein-binding protein gene and collagen adhesin gene as a typical virulence trait of the major epidemic cluster in isolates from orthopedic implant infections. Biomaterials. 2009;30(34):6621\u20138.","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"issue":"9","key":"3870_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4465","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.9.4465-4467.2003","volume":"41","author":"A Tristan","year":"2003","unstructured":"Tristan A, Ying L, Bes M, Etienne J, Vandenesch F, Lina G. Use of multiplex PCR to identify Staphylococcus aureus adhesins involved in human hematogenous infections. J Clin Microbiol. 2003;41(9):4465\u20137.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"3870_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Haghi Ghahremanloi Olia A, Ghahremani M, Ahmadi A, Sharifi Y. Comparison of biofilm production and virulence gene distribution among community- and hospital-acquired Staphylococcus aureus isolates from northwestern Iran. Infection, Genetics and Evolution. 2020;81:104262; https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104262.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104262"},{"issue":"12","key":"3870_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3738","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.186.12.3738-3748.2004","volume":"186","author":"J Gao","year":"2004","unstructured":"Gao J, Stewart GC. Regulatory elements of the Staphylococcus aureus protein A (Spa) promoter. J Bacteriol. 2004;186(12):3738\u201348.","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"3870_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.4236\/aid.2019.92007","volume":"09","author":"S Divyakolu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Divyakolu S, Chikkala R, Ratnakar K, Sritharan V. Hemolysins of Staphylococcus aureus \u2014An Update on Their Biology, Role in Pathogenesis and as Targets for Anti-Virulence Therapy. Advances in Infectious Diseases. 2019;09:80\u2013104. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4236\/aid.2019.92007.","journal-title":"Advances in Infectious Diseases"},{"issue":"7","key":"3870_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1562","DOI":"10.14202\/vetworld.2023.1562-1571","volume":"16","author":"KAA El-Razik","year":"2023","unstructured":"El-Razik KAA, Arafa AA, Fouad EA, Soror AH, Abdalhamed AM, Elgioushy M. Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of erythromycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine subclinical mastitis in Egypt. Vet World. 2023;16(7):1562\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14202\/vetworld.2023.1562-1571.","journal-title":"Vet World"},{"key":"3870_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2020.06.010","volume":"22","author":"VKC P\u00e9rez","year":"2020","unstructured":"P\u00e9rez VKC, Costa GMD, Guimar\u00e3es AS, Heinemann MB, Lage AP, Dorneles EMS. Relationship between virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance in Staphylococcus aureus from bovine mastitis. J Glob Antimicrob Resist. 2020;22:792\u2013802.","journal-title":"J Glob Antimicrob Resist"},{"issue":"5","key":"3870_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1007\/s00580-010-1029-y","volume":"20","author":"H Momtaz","year":"2011","unstructured":"Momtaz H, Tajbakhsh E, Rahimi E, Momeni M. Coagulase gene polymorphism of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from clinical and sub-clinical bovine mastitis in Isfahan and Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari provinces of Iran. Comp Clin Path. 2011;20(5):519\u201322.","journal-title":"Comp Clin Path"},{"key":"3870_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens10080975","author":"T Homsombat","year":"2021","unstructured":"Homsombat T, Boonyayatra S, Awaiwanont N, Pichpol D. Effect of Temperature on the Expression of Classical Enterotoxin Genes among Staphylococci Associated with Bovine Mastitis. Pathogens. 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pathogens10080975.","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"3870_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12030301","author":"H-R Jung","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jung H-R, Lee YJ. Characterization of Virulence Factors in Enterotoxin-Producing Staphylococcus aureus from Bulk Tank Milk. Animals. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ani12030301.","journal-title":"Animals"},{"issue":"6","key":"3870_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.4161\/viru.2.6.18122","volume":"2","author":"J Schelin","year":"2011","unstructured":"Schelin J, Wallin-Carlquist N, Cohn MT, Lindqvist R, Barker GC, R\u00e5dstr\u00f6m P. The formation of Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin in food environments and advances in risk assessment. Virulence. 2011;2(6):580\u201392.","journal-title":"Virulence"},{"issue":"4","key":"3870_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-018-0147-4","volume":"17","author":"NA Turner","year":"2019","unstructured":"Turner NA, Sharma-Kuinkel BK, Maskarinec SA, Eichenberger EM, Shah PP, Carugati M, et al. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: an overview of basic and clinical research. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2019;17(4):203\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41579-018-0147-4.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"3870_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Patel K, Joshi C, Nauriyal D, Kunjadiya A. Genotypic identification of methicillin resistance and virulence factors in Staphylococcus spp. from bovine mastitis milk. Comparative Clinical Pathology. 2017;26(6):1355\u201361; https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00580-017-2540-1.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00580-017-2540-1"},{"key":"3870_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2018.08.024","volume":"16","author":"M Dan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dan M, Yehui W, Qingling M, Jun Q, Xingxing Z, Shuai M, et al. Antimicrobial resistance, virulence gene profile and molecular typing of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from dairy cows in Xinjiang Province, northwest China. J Glob Antimicrob Resist. 2019;16:98\u2013104.","journal-title":"J Glob Antimicrob Resist"},{"key":"3870_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.5897\/ajmr2016.8347","volume":"11","author":"X Marjory","year":"2017","unstructured":"Marjory X, Silva N, Trevilin J, Melina M, Tsai S, Fabio R, et al. Antibiotic resistance and molecular characterization of Staphylococcus species from mastitic milk. African Journal of Microbiology Research. 2017;11:84\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5897\/ajmr2016.8347.","journal-title":"African Journal of Microbiology Research"},{"key":"3870_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aarestrup FM, Agers\u0141 Y, Ahrens P, J\u0141rgensen JC, Madsen M, Jensen LB. Antimicrobial susceptibility and presence of resistance genes in staphylococci from poultry. Vet Microbiol. 2000;74(4):353\u201364.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1135(00)00197-8"},{"issue":"6\u20137","key":"3870_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2013.02.006","volume":"303","author":"S Wendlandt","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wendlandt S, Fe\u00dfler AT, Monecke S, Ehricht R, Schwarz S, Kadlec K. The diversity of antimicrobial resistance genes among staphylococci of animal origin. Int J Med Microbiol. 2013;303(6\u20137):338\u201349.","journal-title":"Int J Med Microbiol"},{"key":"3870_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"El-Banna TE-S, Sonbol FI, Kamer AMA, Badr SAMM. Genetic diversity of macrolides resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates and the potential synergistic effect of vitamins, C and K3. BMC Microbiology. 2024;24(1):30; https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12866-023-03169-1.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-023-03169-1"},{"issue":"4","key":"3870_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1007\/s12223-008-0055-5","volume":"53","author":"T Zmantar","year":"2008","unstructured":"Zmantar T, Chaieb K, Ben Abdallah F, Ben Kahla-Nakbi A, Ben Hassen A, Mahdouani K, et al. Multiplex PCR detection of the antibiotic resistance genes in Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from auricular infections. Folia Microbiol. 2008;53(4):357\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12223-008-0055-5.","journal-title":"Folia Microbiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"3870_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"814","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkh197","volume":"53","author":"I Spiliopoulou","year":"2004","unstructured":"Spiliopoulou I, Petinaki E, Papandreou P, Dimitracopoulos G. erm(C) is the predominant genetic determinant for the expression of resistance to macrolides among methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates in Greece. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2004;53(5):814\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jac\/dkh197.","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"issue":"1","key":"3870_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1159\/000501788","volume":"29","author":"B Kot","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kot B, Wierzchowska K, Piechota M, Gru\u017cewska A. Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus from Patients Hospitalized during 2015\u20132017 in Hospitals in Poland. Med Princ Pract. 2020;29(1):61\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000501788.","journal-title":"Med Princ Pract"}],"container-title":["BMC Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12866-025-03870-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12866-025-03870-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12866-025-03870-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]],"date-time":"2025-03-19T00:55:56Z","timestamp":1742345756000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcmicrobiol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12866-025-03870-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]]},"references-count":81,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3870"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12866-025-03870-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2180"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2180","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 November 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 March 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 March 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was accomplished in compliance with the ARRIVE guidelines. All protocols were conducted according to relevant guidelines and regulations. The handling of animals, all experiments, and the collection of milk samples were approved by the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ismailia, Egypt (SCU-VET-REC- 2024037). Moreover, the collection of samples comply the institutional guidelines. The informed consent is not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"155"}}