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Conventional antimicrobial strategies often fall short due to rapid resistance development and limited efficacy, highlighting the need for novel approaches. Nanotechnology offers promising alternatives, with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) demonstrating potent broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. This study aims to develop an eco-friendly synthesis of AgNPs using\n                      <jats:italic>Candida parapsilosis<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>C. parapsilosis<\/jats:italic>\n                      ), an untapped yeast strain isolated from Sudanese soil, to combat AMR.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Biosynthesis of AgNPs using\n                      <jats:italic>C. parapsilosis<\/jats:italic>\n                      was successfully confirmed through UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), revealing well-defined nanoparticles. The biosynthesized AgNPs exhibited strong antibacterial activity against both ATCC reference strains and MDR clinical isolates of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, with inhibition zones increasing in a concentration-dependent manner. At optimal concentrations, inhibition zones reached 29\u00a0mm for\n                      <jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P.aeruginosa)<\/jats:italic>\n                      (ATCC 27853), while clinical isolates of\n                      <jats:italic>Salmonella typhi<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>S. typhi<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) (24.5\u2009\u00b1\u20090.58\u00a0mm) and\n                      <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) (23.8\u2009\u00b1\u20090.79\u00a0mm) exhibited significant susceptibility. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) assays demonstrated potent bactericidal activity, particularly against\n                      <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) at 0.3125\u00a0mg\/mL. Furthermore, AgNPs synergistically enhanced the efficacy of conventional antibiotics in a species- and antibiotic-dependent manner. The strongest synergy was observed in\n                      <jats:italic>Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis)<\/jats:italic>\n                      (up to 9.84-fold with Colistin) and\n                      <jats:italic>Acinetobacter baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>A. baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) (up to 5.11-fold with Ceftazidime), suggesting that AgNP-enhanced antibiotic efficacy varies depending on bacterial species, nanoparticle synthesis method, and antibiotic type.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study presents a novel and sustainable approach to tackling AMR by leveraging Sudanese yeast strains for the green synthesis of AgNPs. The findings underscore the potential of AgNPs as an effective antibacterial agent, both independently and in combination with conventional antibiotics, to combat MDR pathogens. By integrating microbiology and nanotechnology, this research offers a cost-effective and environmentally friendly solution for AMR mitigation. These findings provide a strong foundation for future clinical applications and public health interventions, particularly in resource-limited settings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-025-04038-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,21]],"date-time":"2025-05-21T04:41:47Z","timestamp":1747802507000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Sudanese Candida parapsilosis: a sustainable approach to combat antimicrobial resistance"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Nesreen A. 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Ethical approval was obtained under Approval No. NU-RECG121. Written informed consent was obtained from adult patients or, in the case of minors, from their parents or legal guardians. All procedures were conducted in accordance with the applicable ethical guidelines and regulations.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Clinical trial number"}}],"article-number":"312"}}