{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T12:08:58Z","timestamp":1763986138959,"version":"3.45.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763942400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763942400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["OPP1034556 and INV-003570","OPP1034556 and INV-003570","OPP1024654"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OPP1034556 and INV-003570","OPP1034556 and INV-003570","OPP1024654"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001125","name":"GAVI Alliance","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["201588766, 201233523, 201022732, and 200749550"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201588766, 201233523, 201022732, and 200749550"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001125","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004319","name":"Pfizer","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["WI209075"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WI209075"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004319","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014588","name":"Sanofi Pasteur","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EPN00014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EPN00014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014588","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Microbiol"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-025-04484-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T11:16:50Z","timestamp":1763983010000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Evolution of pneumococcal serotype 19A in children in Bangladesh: insights from genomic analysis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Arif Mohammad","family":"Tanmoy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Esha","family":"Kazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naito","family":"Kanon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hafizur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Harry C.H.","family":"Hung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Md","family":"Hasanuzzaman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roly","family":"Malaker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Apurba Rajib","family":"Malaker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Deb Purna","family":"Keya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sudipta Deb","family":"Nath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Belal","family":"Hossain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shampa","family":"Saha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Jamal","family":"Uddin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lesley","family":"McGee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen D.","family":"Bentley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephanie W.","family":"Lo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yogesh","family":"Hooda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samir K.","family":"Saha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Senjuti","family":"Saha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"4484_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e744","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(18)30247-X","volume":"6","author":"B Wahl","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wahl B, O\u2019Brien KL, Greenbaum A, Majumder A, Liu L, Chu Y, et al. Burden of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae type b disease in children in the era of conjugate vaccines: global, regional, and National estimates for 2000\u201315. Lancet Glob Health. 2018;6(7):e744\u201357.","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"4484_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000001037","volume":"35","author":"SK Saha","year":"2016","unstructured":"Saha SK, Hossain B, Islam M, Hasanuzzaman M, Saha S, Hasan M, et al. Epidemiology of invasive Pneumococcal disease in Bangladeshi children before introduction of Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2016;35(6):655.","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"issue":"4","key":"4484_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00024","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.00024-23","volume":"61","author":"FA Ganaie","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ganaie FA, Saad JS, Lo SW, McGee L, Bentley SD, van Tonder AJ, et al. Discovery and characterization of Pneumococcal serogroup 36 capsule Subtypes, serotypes 36A and 36B. J Clin Microbiol. 2023;61(4):e00024\u201323.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"4484_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jit145","volume":"208","author":"YC Hsieh","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hsieh YC, Lin TL, Chang KY, Huang YC, Chen CJ, Lin TY, et al. Expansion and evolution of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 19A ST320 clone as compared to its ancestral clone, Taiwan19F-14 (ST236). J Infect Dis. 2013;208(2):203\u201310.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"4484_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0281261","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0281261","volume":"18","author":"M Horn","year":"2023","unstructured":"Horn M, Theilacker C, Sprenger R, von Eiff C, Mahar E, Schiffner-Rohe J, et al. Mathematical modeling of Pneumococcal transmission dynamics in response to PCV13 infant vaccination in Germany predicts increasing IPD burden due to serotypes included in next-generation PCVs. PLoS ONE. 2023;18(2):e0281261.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"4484_CR6","unstructured":"CDC. Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). 2024. Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE): 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV20) for children aged\u2009<\u20092 years. Available from: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/acip\/grade\/PCV20-child.html. Cited 2024 Oct 20."},{"issue":"06","key":"4484_CR7","first-page":"144","volume":"57","author":"A Reingold","year":"2008","unstructured":"Reingold A, Hadler J, Farley MM, Harison G, Lyinfield R, Lexau C, et al. Invasive Pneumococcal disease in children 5 years after conjugate vaccine introduction --- eight States, 1998\u20132005. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2008;57(06):144\u20138.","journal-title":"Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"issue":"12","key":"4484_CR8","first-page":"19159","volume":"14","author":"HDC Gomes","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gomes HDC, Muscat M, Monnet DL, Giesecke J, Lopalco PL. Use of seven-valent Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) in Europe, 2001\u20132007. Eurosurveillance. 2009;14(12):19159.","journal-title":"Eurosurveillance"},{"issue":"2","key":"4484_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e01395","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.01395-21","volume":"66","author":"S Nakano","year":"2022","unstructured":"Nakano S, Fujisawa T, Chang B, Ito Y, Akeda H, Fujita J, et al. Whole-Genome Analysis-Based phylogeographic investigation of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 19A sequence type 320 isolates in Japan. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2022;66(2):e01395\u201321.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"7","key":"4484_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(19)30297-X","volume":"19","author":"SW Lo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lo SW, Gladstone RA, van Tonder AJ, Lees JA, Plessis M, du, Benisty R, et al. Pneumococcal lineages associated with serotype replacement and antibiotic resistance in childhood invasive Pneumococcal disease in the post-PCV13 era: an international whole-genome sequencing study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2019;19(7):759\u201369.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"4484_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60.e9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2015.08.027","volume":"22","author":"BJ Metcalf","year":"2016","unstructured":"Metcalf BJ, Gertz RE, Gladstone RA, Walker H, Sherwood LK, Jackson D et al. Strain features and distributions in pneumococci from children with invasive disease before and after 13-valent conjugate vaccine implementation in the USA. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2016;22(1):60.e9-60.e29.","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"issue":"7","key":"4484_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1086\/528996","volume":"197","author":"MR Moore","year":"2008","unstructured":"Moore MR, Gertz J, Robert E, Woodbury RL, Barkocy-Gallagher GA, Schaffner W, Lexau C, et al. Population snapshot of emergent Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 19A in the united States, 2005. J Infect Dis. 2008;197(7):1016\u201327.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"4484_CR13","first-page":"000645","volume":"7","author":"G Nagaraj","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nagaraj G, Govindan V, Ganaie F, Venkatesha VT, Hawkins PA, Gladstone RA, et al. Streptococcus pneumoniae genomic datasets from an Indian population describing pre-vaccine evolutionary epidemiology using a whole genome sequencing approach. Microb Genomics. 2021;7(9):000645.","journal-title":"Microb Genomics"},{"issue":"12","key":"4484_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3514","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.36.12.3514-3519.1998","volume":"36","author":"ZY Shi","year":"1998","unstructured":"Shi ZY, Enright MC, Wilkinson P, Griffiths D, Spratt BG. Identification of three major clones of multiply Antibiotic-Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in Taiwanese hospitals by multilocus sequence typing. J Clin Microbiol. 1998;36(12):3514\u20139.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"4484_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2266","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00046-08","volume":"52","author":"YC Hsieh","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hsieh YC, Chang KY, Huang YC, Lin HC, Ho YH, Huang LM, et al. Clonal spread of highly \u03b2-Lactam-Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in Taiwan. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2008;52(6):2266\u20139.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"12","key":"4484_CR16","first-page":"1213","volume":"13","author":"A Mavroidi","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mavroidi A, Paraskakis I, Pangalis A, Kirikou E, Charisiadou A, Athanasiou T, et al. Spread of the Streptococcus pneumoniae Taiwan19F-14 clone among children in Greece. Clin Microbiol Infect Off Publ Eur Soc Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2007;13(12):1213\u20136.","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect Off Publ Eur Soc Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"4484_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e25018","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0025018","volume":"6","author":"K Elberse","year":"2011","unstructured":"Elberse K, Witteveen S, Heide H, van de van der, Pol I, Schot C, van der Ende A, et al. Sequence diversity within the capsular genes of Streptococcus pneumoniae serogroup 6 and 19. PLoS ONE. 2011;6(9):e25018.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"4484_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e93","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268819000013","volume":"147","author":"MP Mott","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mott MP, Caier\u00e3o J, Cunha GR, Del Maschi MM, Pizzutti K, d\u2019Azevedo P, et al. Emergence of serotype 19A Streptococcus pneumoniae after PCV10 associated with a ST320 in adult population, in Porto Alegre, Brazil. Epidemiol Infect. 2019;147:e93.","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"issue":"5","key":"4484_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkr048","volume":"66","author":"J Shin","year":"2011","unstructured":"Shin J, Baek JY, Kim SH, Song JH, Ko KS. Predominance of ST320 among Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 19A isolates from 10 Asian countries. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2011;66(5):1001\u20134.","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"issue":"8","key":"4484_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2017","DOI":"10.1007\/s40121-023-00842-w","volume":"12","author":"W Puzia","year":"2023","unstructured":"Puzia W, Gawor J, Gromadka R, \u017buchniewicz K, Wr\u00f3bel-Pawelczyk I, Ronkiewicz P, et al. Highly resistant serotype 19A Streptococcus pneumoniae of the GPSC1\/CC320 clone from invasive infections in Poland prior to Antipneumococcal vaccination of children. Infect Dis Ther. 2023;12(8):2017\u201337.","journal-title":"Infect Dis Ther"},{"key":"4484_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Baqui AH, McCollum ED, Saha SK, Roy AK, Chowdhury NH, Harrison M et al. Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine impact assessment in Bangladesh [Internet]. Gates Open Research; 2018. Available from: https:\/\/gatesopenresearch.org\/articles\/2-21. Cited 2024 Jun 4.","DOI":"10.12688\/gatesopenres.12805.1"},{"issue":"7","key":"4484_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2353","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00704-09","volume":"47","author":"FC Pimenta","year":"2009","unstructured":"Pimenta FC, Gertz RE, Roundtree A, Yu J, Nahm MH, McDonald RR, et al. Rarely occurring 19A-Like Cps locus from a serotype 19F Pneumococcal isolate indicates continued need of Serology-Based quality control for PCR-Based serotype determinations. J Clin Microbiol. 2009;47(7):2353\u20134.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"4484_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2019.04.021","volume":"43","author":"RA Gladstone","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gladstone RA, Lo SW, Lees JA, Croucher NJ, van Tonder AJ, Corander J, et al. International genomic definition of Pneumococcal lineages, to contextualise disease, antibiotic resistance and vaccine impact. eBioMedicine. 2019;43:338\u201346.","journal-title":"eBioMedicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"4484_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2008-1702","volume":"125","author":"SL Kaplan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kaplan SL, Barson WJ, Lin PL, Stovall SH, Bradley JS, Tan TQ, et al. Serotype 19A is the most common serotype causing invasive Pneumococcal infections in children. Pediatrics. 2010;125(3):429\u201336.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"4484_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1402.070807","volume":"14","author":"EH Choi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Choi EH, Kim SH, Eun BW, Kim SJ, Kim NH, Lee HJ, et al. Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 19A in Children, South Korea. Emerg Infect Dis. 2008;14(2):275.","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis."},{"issue":"8","key":"4484_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1606","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2808.212440","volume":"28","author":"S Desmet","year":"2022","unstructured":"Desmet S, Theeten H, Laenen L, Cuypers L, Maes P, Bossuyt W, et al. Characterization of emerging serotype 19A Pneumococcal strains in invasive disease and Carriage, Belgium. Emerg Infect Dis. 2022;28(8):1606\u201314.","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"4484_CR27","first-page":"000635","volume":"7","author":"SCG Almeida","year":"2021","unstructured":"Almeida SCG, Lo SW, Hawkins PA, Gladstone RA, Cassiolato AP, Klugman KP, et al. Genomic surveillance of invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in the period pre-PCV10 and post-PCV10 introduction in Brazil. Microb Genomics. 2021;7(10):000635.","journal-title":"Microb Genomics"},{"issue":"16","key":"4484_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2021.02.043","volume":"39","author":"B Temple","year":"2021","unstructured":"Temple B, Nation ML, Dai VTT, Beissbarth J, Bright K, Dunne EM, et al. Effect of a 2\u2009+\u20091 schedule of ten-valent versus 13-valent Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on Pneumococcal carriage: results from a randomised controlled trial in Vietnam. Vaccine. 2021;39(16):2303\u201310.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"4484_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Smith-Vaughan H, Temple B, Dai VTT, Hoan PT, Thuy HNL, Phan TV, et al. Effect of different schedules of ten-valent Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on Pneumococcal carriage in Vietnamese infants: results from a randomised controlled trial. Lancet Reg Health \u2013 West Pac. 2023;32:100651.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanwpc.2022.100651"},{"issue":"1","key":"4484_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30173-0","volume":"21","author":"S Desmet","year":"2021","unstructured":"Desmet S, Lagrou K, Wyndham-Thomas C, Braeye T, Verhaegen J, Maes P, et al. Dynamic changes in paediatric invasive Pneumococcal disease after sequential switches of conjugate vaccine in belgium: a National retrospective observational study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2021;21(1):127\u201336.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"supplA","key":"4484_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/25.suppl_A.73","volume":"25","author":"G Foulds","year":"1990","unstructured":"Foulds G, Shepard RM, Johnson RB. The pharmacokinetics of Azithromycin in human serum and tissues. J Antimicrob Chemother. 1990;25(supplA):73\u201382.","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"issue":"11","key":"4484_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3646","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00234-06","volume":"50","author":"M Bergman","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bergman M, Huikko S, Huovinen P, Paakkari P, Sepp\u00e4l\u00e4 H. Finnish study group for antimicrobial resistance (FiRe Network). macrolide and Azithromycin use are linked to increased macrolide resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2006;50(11):3646\u201350.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"1","key":"4484_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkg278","volume":"52","author":"GG Zhanel","year":"2003","unstructured":"Zhanel GG, DeCorby M, Noreddin A, Mendoza C, Cumming A, Nichol K, et al. Pharmacodynamic activity of Azithromycin against macrolide-susceptible and -resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae simulating clinically achievable free serum, epithelial lining fluid and middle ear fluid concentrations. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2003;52(1):83\u20138.","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"issue":"10","key":"4484_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0012558","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0012558","volume":"18","author":"AM Tanmoy","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tanmoy AM, Hooda Y, Sajib MSI, Rahman H, Sarkar A, Das D, et al. Trends in antimicrobial resistance amongst Salmonella Typhi in bangladesh: A 24-year retrospective observational study (1999\u20132022). PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2024;18(10):e0012558.","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"Supplement3","key":"4484_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S209","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiab073","volume":"224","author":"M Hasanuzzaman","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hasanuzzaman M, Saha S, Malaker R, Rahman H, Sajib MSI, Das RC, et al. Comparison of Culture, antigen Test, and polymerase chain reaction for Pneumococcal detection in cerebrospinal fluid of children. J Infect Dis. 2021;224(Supplement3):S209\u201317.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"4484_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000002077","volume":"37","author":"H Naziat","year":"2018","unstructured":"Naziat H, Saha S, Islam M, Saha S, Uddin MJ, Hussain M, et al. Epidemiology of otitis media with otorrhea among Bangladeshi children: baseline study for future assessment of Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine impact. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2018;37(7):715.","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"issue":"Supplement2","key":"4484_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S75","DOI":"10.1086\/596544","volume":"48","author":"SK Saha","year":"2009","unstructured":"Saha SK, Naheed A, El Arifeen S, Islam M, Al-Emran H, Amin R, et al. Surveillance for invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae disease among hospitalized children in bangladesh: antimicrobial susceptibility and serotype distribution. Clin Infect Dis. 2009;48(Supplement2):S75\u201381.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"4484_CR38","unstructured":"CLSI. In: Supplement M, editor. Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. 30 ed. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute; 2020."},{"issue":"12","key":"4484_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000190030.75892.78","volume":"24","author":"SK Saha","year":"2005","unstructured":"Saha SK, Darmstadt GL, Yamanaka N, Billal DS, Nasreen T, Islam M, et al. Rapid diagnosis of Pneumococcal meningitis: implications for treatment and measuring disease burden. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2005;24(12):1093.","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"issue":"Supplement2","key":"4484_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S49","DOI":"10.1086\/596481","volume":"48","author":"JC Mo\u00efsi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mo\u00efsi JC, Saha SK, Falade AG, Njanpop-Lafourcade BM, Oundo J, Zaidi AKM, et al. Enhanced diagnosis of Pneumococcal meningitis with use of the Binax NOW immunochromatographic test of Streptococcus pneumoniae antigen: A multisite study. Clin Infect Dis. 2009;48(Supplement2):S49\u201356.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"4484_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e3576","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0003576","volume":"3","author":"SK Saha","year":"2008","unstructured":"Saha SK, Darmstadt GL, Baqui AH, Hossain B, Islam M, Foster D, et al. Identification of serotype in culture negative Pneumococcal meningitis using sequential multiplex PCR: implication for surveillance and vaccine design. PLoS ONE. 2008;3(10):e3576.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"2","key":"4484_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02927-12","volume":"51","author":"FC Pimenta","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pimenta FC, Roundtree A, Soysal A, Bakir M, du Plessis M, Wolter N, et al. Sequential triplex Real-Time PCR assay for detecting 21 Pneumococcal capsular serotypes that account for a high global disease burden. J Clin Microbiol. 2020;51(2):647\u201352.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"4484_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115037","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115037","volume":"97","author":"S Velusamy","year":"2020","unstructured":"Velusamy S, Tran T, Mongkolrattanothai T, Walker H, McGee L, Beall B. Expanded sequential quadriplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for identifying Pneumococcal serotypes, penicillin susceptibility, and resistance markers. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2020;97(2):115037.","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"4484_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7912","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-35587-6","volume":"13","author":"AM Tanmoy","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tanmoy AM, Hooda Y, Sajib MSI, da Silva KE, Iqbal J, Qamar FN, et al. Paratype: a genotyping tool for Salmonella paratyphi A reveals its global genomic diversity. Nat Commun. 2022;13(1):7912.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"1","key":"4484_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-019-1727-y","volume":"20","author":"RR Wick","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wick RR, Judd LM, Holt KE. Performance of neural network basecalling tools for Oxford nanopore sequencing. Genome Biol. 2019;20(1):129.","journal-title":"Genome Biol"}],"container-title":["BMC Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12866-025-04484-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12866-025-04484-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12866-025-04484-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T12:05:04Z","timestamp":1763985904000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcmicrobiol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12866-025-04484-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4484"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12866-025-04484-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2180"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1471-2180"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"3 July 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 October 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 November 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All study protocols received approval from the Ethical Review Committee (ERC) of Bangladesh institute of Child Health (BICH) at Dhaka, Bangladesh (BICH-ERC-2\/5\/2011 on 05 October 2011, BICH-ERC-1\/1\/2025, BICH -ERC-3\/1\/2015 on 19 March 2015, and BICH-ERC-02\/02\/2021 on 03 February 2021).Informed written consent and clinical information were obtained from parents\/legal guardians for all enrolled participants in the invasive disease, and otitis media studies. Nasopharyngeal swab samples were collected with written informed consent, and only non-identifiable routine clinical data were retrospectively included. Urine samples were collected as a part of the routine hospital services at the CHRF microbiology lab at BSHI and no clinical data was available; only year of collection was used in this study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"773"}}