{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T11:52:18Z","timestamp":1787313138459,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769558400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771545600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":23,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZR2023QH003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2023QH003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZR2024 MH168 and ZR2022QC117"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2024 MH168 and ZR2022QC117"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82402649"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82402649"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Microbiol"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-026-04767-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T12:05:49Z","timestamp":1769601949000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Vacuole and mitochondria patch (vCLAMP) protein Mcp1 reduces the pathogenesis of Candida albicans by impeding the function of Cap1-mediated oxidative stress response"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Yunyun","family":"Wei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaolong","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"4767_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-micro-091014-104330","volume":"69","author":"CJ Nobile","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nobile CJ, Johnson AD. Candida albicans biofilms and human disease. Annu Rev Microbiol. 2015;69:71\u201392.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"4767_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resmic.2025.104280","volume":"176","author":"H Zhang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhang H, Zhang Q, Zuo T, Wang Z, Liao J, Lu Y. 2-Chloromethyl anthraquinone inhibits Candida albicans biofilm formation by inhibiting the Ras1-cAMP-Efg1 pathway. Res Microbiol. 2025;176:104280.","journal-title":"Res Microbiol"},{"key":"4767_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6151","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-26390-w","volume":"12","author":"J MacAlpine","year":"2021","unstructured":"MacAlpine J, Daniel-Ivad M, Liu Z, Yano J, Revie NM, Todd RT, Stogios PJ, Sanchez H, O\u2019Meara TR, Tompkins TA, et al. A small molecule produced by Lactobacillus species blocks Candida albicans filamentation by inhibiting a DYRK1-family kinase. Nat Commun. 2021;12:6151.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"4767_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Costa I, Lopes I, Morais M, Silva R, Remi\u00e3o F, Medeiros R, Alves LG, Pinto E, Cerqueira F. Disclosing the antifungal mechanisms of the cyclam salt H(4)[H(2)((4-CF3)PhCH(2))(2)Cyclam]Cl(4) against Candida albicans and Candida krusei. Int J Molec Sci 2024;25:5209.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25105209"},{"key":"4767_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3390","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.0c00199","volume":"121","author":"Y Lee","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lee Y, Puumala E, Robbins N, Cowen LE. Antifungal drug resistance: molecular mechanisms in Candida albicans and beyond. Chem Rev. 2021;121:3390\u2013411.","journal-title":"Chem Rev"},{"key":"4767_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1080\/21505594.2022.2081291","volume":"13","author":"GB De Cesare","year":"2022","unstructured":"De Cesare GB, Hafez A, Stead D, Llorens C, Munro CA. Biomarkers of Caspofungin resistance in Candida albicans isolates: A proteomic approach. Virulence. 2022;13:1005\u201318.","journal-title":"Virulence"},{"key":"4767_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.11.040","volume":"187","author":"GK Voeltz","year":"2024","unstructured":"Voeltz GK, Sawyer EM, Hajn\u00f3czky G, Prinz WA. Making the connection: how membrane contact sites have changed our view of organelle biology. Cell. 2024;187:257\u201370.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"4767_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2265095","DOI":"10.1080\/21505594.2023.2265095","volume":"14","author":"P Paul","year":"2023","unstructured":"Paul P, Tiwari B. Organelles are miscommunicating: membrane contact sites getting hijacked by pathogens. Virulence. 2023;14:2265095.","journal-title":"Virulence"},{"key":"4767_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cal\u00ec T, Bayer EM, Eden ER, Hajn\u00f3czky G, Kornmann B, Lackner L, Liou J, Reinisch K, Rhee HW, Rizzuto R et al. Key challenges and recommendations for defining organelle membrane contact sites. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2025; 26:776-796.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-025-00864-x"},{"key":"4767_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1274","DOI":"10.1002\/1873-3468.14813","volume":"598","author":"AJ Saukko-Paavola","year":"2024","unstructured":"Saukko-Paavola AJ, Klemm RW. Remodelling of mitochondrial function by import of specific lipids at multiple membrane-contact sites. FEBS Lett. 2024;598:1274\u201391.","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"4767_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mito.2020.02.010","volume":"52","author":"D Kundu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kundu D, Pasrija R. The ERMES (endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria encounter structures) mediated functions in fungi. Mitochondrion. 2020;52:89\u201399.","journal-title":"Mitochondrion"},{"key":"4767_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2014.06.006","volume":"30","author":"C H\u00f6nscher","year":"2014","unstructured":"H\u00f6nscher C, Mari M, Auffarth K, Bohnert M, Griffith J, Geerts W, van der Laan M, Cabrera M, Reggiori F, Ungermann C. Cellular metabolism regulates contact sites between vacuoles and mitochondria. Dev Cell. 2014;30:86\u201394.","journal-title":"Dev Cell"},{"key":"4767_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3593","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201804111","volume":"217","author":"BDM Bean","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bean BDM, Dziurdzik SK, Kolehmainen KL, Fowler CMS, Kwong WK, Grad LI, Davey M, Schluter C, Conibear E. Competitive organelle-specific adaptors recruit Vps13 to membrane contact sites. J Cell Biol. 2018;217:3593\u2013607.","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"4767_CR14","first-page":"3563","volume":"126","author":"T Tan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tan T, Ozbalci C, Br\u00fcgger B, Rapaport D, Dimmer KS. Mcp1 and Mcp2, two novel proteins involved in mitochondrial lipid homeostasis. J Cell Sci. 2013;126:3563\u201374.","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"key":"4767_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633380","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.633380","volume":"12","author":"X Mao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mao X, Yang L, Fan Y, Wang J, Cui D, Yu D, Yu Q, Li M. The vacuole and mitochondria patch (vCLAMP) protein Mcp1 is involved in maintenance of mitochondrial function and mitophagy in Candida albicans. Front Microbiol. 2021;12:633380.","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"4767_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1007\/s13721-024-00464-3","volume":"13","author":"FF Hassan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hassan FF, Mushrif MH, Suleiman AA. Investigating novel antifungal strategies through molecular Docking & dynamics simulations of oxidative stress response in Candida albicans. Netw Model Anal Health Inf Bioinf. 2024;13:31.","journal-title":"Netw Model Anal Health Inf Bioinf"},{"key":"4767_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2006.05.003","volume":"1763","author":"VC Culotta","year":"2006","unstructured":"Culotta VC, Yang M, O\u2019Halloran TV. Activation of superoxide dismutases: putting the metal to the pedal. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2006;1763:747\u201358.","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"4767_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103799","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fgb.2023.103799","volume":"166","author":"G Guti\u00e9rrez-Escobedo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Guti\u00e9rrez-Escobedo G, V\u00e1zquez-Franco N, L\u00f3pez-Marmolejo A, Luna-Arvizu G, Ca\u00f1as-Villamar I, Casta\u00f1o I. De Las Pe\u00f1as, A. Characterization of the Trr\/Trx system in the fungal pathogen Candida glabrata. Fungal Genet Biol. 2023;166:103799.","journal-title":"Fungal Genet Biol"},{"key":"4767_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.2217\/fmb-2017-0029","volume":"12","author":"K Zhang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhang K, Jia C, Yu Q, Xiao C, Dong Y, Zhang M, Zhang D, Zhao Q, Zhang B, Li M. Contribution of VMA5 to vacuolar function, stress response, ion homeostasis and autophagy in Candida albicans. Future Microbiol. 2017;12:1147\u201366.","journal-title":"Future Microbiol"},{"key":"4767_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yu Q, Zhang B, Yang B, Chen J, Wang H, Jia C, Ding X, Xu N, Dong Y, Zhang B, et al. Interaction among the vacuole, the mitochondria, and the oxidative stress response is governed by the transient receptor potential channel in Candida albicans. Volume 77. Free radical biology & medicine; 2014. pp. 152\u201367.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2014.09.011"},{"key":"4767_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox10010136","volume":"10","author":"X Mao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mao X, Yang L, Liu Y, Ma C, Ma T, Yu Q, Li M. Vacuole and mitochondria patch (vCLAMP) protein Vam6 is involved in maintenance of mitochondrial and vacuolar functions under oxidative stress in Candida albicans. Antioxidants. 2021;10:136.","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"4767_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.16636","volume":"290","author":"J Du","year":"2023","unstructured":"Du J, Dong Y, Zhao H, Peng L, Wang Y, Yu Q, Li M. Transcriptional regulation of autophagy, cell wall stress response and pathogenicity by Pho23 in C. albicans. FEBS J. 2023;290:855\u201371.","journal-title":"FEBS J"},{"key":"4767_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4801","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S205736","volume":"14","author":"B Lee","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lee B, Lee MJ, Yun SJ, Kim K, Choi IH, Park S. Silver nanoparticles induce reactive oxygen species-mediated cell cycle delay and synergistic cytotoxicity with 3-bromopyruvate in Candida albicans, but not in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Int J Nanomed. 2019;14:4801\u201316.","journal-title":"Int J Nanomed"},{"key":"4767_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu S, Mayandi V, Leng Goh ET, Wang W, Han N, Zhong R, Luo Z, Wang Y, Chen M, Lakshminarayanan R et al. Boronic acid derivatives inhibit Candida albicans growth by compromising energy metabolism. J Adv Res. 2025.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2025.07.044"},{"key":"4767_CR25","first-page":"3933","volume":"20","author":"D Moon","year":"2019","unstructured":"Moon D, Kim J, Yoon SP. Yeast extract inhibits the proliferation of renal cell carcinoma cells via regulation of iron metabolism. Mol Med Rep. 2019;20:3933\u201341.","journal-title":"Mol Med Rep"},{"key":"4767_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0207922","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.02079-22","volume":"10","author":"L Yang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yang L, Zhu H, Li M, Yu Q. The Tricalbin-family Endoplasmic reticulum-plasma membrane tethering proteins attenuate ROS-involved Caspofungin sensitivity in Candida albicans. Microbiol Spectr. 2022;10:e0207922.","journal-title":"Microbiol Spectr"},{"key":"4767_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127552","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micres.2023.127552","volume":"279","author":"Y Dong","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dong Y, Du J, Deng Y, Cheng M, Shi Z, Zhu H, Sun H, Yu Q, Li M. Reduction of histone proteins dosages increases CFW sensitivity and attenuates virulence of Candida albicans. Microbiol Res. 2024;279:127552.","journal-title":"Microbiol Res"},{"key":"4767_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1111\/mmi.15229","volume":"121","author":"EWL Chow","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chow EWL, Song Y, Wang H, Xu X, Gao J, Wang Y. Genome-wide profiling of piggybac transposon insertion mutants reveals loss of the F1F0 ATPase complex causes fluconazole resistance in Candida glabrata. Mol Microbiol. 2024;121:781\u201397.","journal-title":"Mol Microbiol"},{"key":"4767_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2018.05.011","volume":"45","author":"A Gonz\u00e1lez Montoro","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez Montoro A, Auffarth K, H\u00f6nscher C, Bohnert M, Becker T, Warscheid B, Reggiori F, van der Laan M, Fr\u00f6hlich F, Ungermann C. Vps39 interacts with Tom40 to Establish one of two functionally distinct vacuole-mitochondria contact sites. Dev Cell. 2018;45:621\u201336.","journal-title":"Dev Cell"},{"key":"4767_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00331","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00331-16","volume":"7","author":"I Kos","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kos I, Patterson MJ, Znaidi S, Kaloriti D, da Silva Dantas A, Herrero-de-Dios CM, d\u2019Enfert C, Brown AJ, Quinn J. Mechanisms underlying the delayed activation of the Cap1 transcription factor in Candida albicans following combinatorial oxidative and cationic stress important for phagocytic potency. mBio. 2016;7:e00331.","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"4767_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1128\/EC.00002-09","volume":"8","author":"S Znaidi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Znaidi S, Barker KS, Weber S, Alarco AM, Liu TT, Boucher G, Rogers PD, Raymond M. Identification of the Candida albicans Cap1p Regulon. Eukaryot Cell. 2009;8:806\u201320.","journal-title":"Eukaryot Cell"},{"key":"4767_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.1002\/prot.21354","volume":"68","author":"J Yu","year":"2007","unstructured":"Yu J, Zhou CZ. Crystal structure of glutathione reductase Glr1 from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Proteins. 2007;68:972\u20139.","journal-title":"Proteins"},{"key":"4767_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2024.117352","volume":"179","author":"L Yang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yang L, Li W, Zhong J, Liu X. Inhibitory effects and mode of antifungal action of isobavachalcone on Candida albicans growth and virulence factors. Biomed Pharmacother. 2024;179:117352.","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"key":"4767_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2014.06.024","volume":"30","author":"T Klecker","year":"2014","unstructured":"Klecker T, Westermann B. Mitochondria are clamped to vacuoles for lipid transport. Dev Cell. 2014;30:1\u20132.","journal-title":"Dev Cell"},{"key":"4767_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3219","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201610055","volume":"216","author":"AT John Peter","year":"2017","unstructured":"John Peter AT, Herrmann B, Antunes D, Rapaport D, Dimmer KS, Kornmann B. Vps13-Mcp1 interact at vacuole-mitochondria interfaces and bypass ER-mitochondria contact sites. J Cell Biol. 2017;216:3219\u201329.","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"4767_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1080\/1040841X.2021.2011834","volume":"48","author":"H Yaakoub","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yaakoub H, Sanchez NS, Ongay-Larios L, Courdavault V, Calenda A, Bouchara JP, Coria R, Papon N. The high osmolarity glycerol (HOG) pathway in fungi(\u2020). Crit Rev Microbiol. 2022;48:657\u201395.","journal-title":"Crit Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"4767_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox13050527","volume":"13","author":"V Arribas","year":"2024","unstructured":"Arribas V, Monteoliva L, Hern\u00e1ez ML, Gil C, Molero G. Unravelling the role of Candida albicans Prn1 in the oxidative stress response through a proteomics approach. Antioxidants. 2024;13:527.","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"4767_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.103.035956","volume":"134","author":"RA Vacca","year":"2004","unstructured":"Vacca RA, de Pinto MC, Valenti D, Passarella S, Marra E, De Gara L. Production of reactive oxygen species, alteration of cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase, and impairment of mitochondrial metabolism are early events in heat shock-induced programmed cell death in tobacco Bright-Yellow 2 cells. Plant Physiol. 2004;134:1100\u201312.","journal-title":"Plant Physiol"},{"key":"4767_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106507","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2023.106507","volume":"187","author":"Y Cui","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cui Y, Wang D, Nobile CJ, Dong D, Ni Q, Su T, Jiang C, Peng Y. Systematic identification and characterization of five transcription factors mediating the oxidative stress response in Candida albicans. Microb Pathog. 2024;187:106507.","journal-title":"Microb Pathog"},{"key":"4767_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2244","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2013.5199","volume":"19","author":"MJ Patterson","year":"2013","unstructured":"Patterson MJ, McKenzie CG, Smith DA, da Silva Dantas A, Sherston S, Veal EA, Morgan BA, MacCallum DM, Erwig LP, Quinn J. Ybp1 and Gpx3 signaling in Candida albicans govern hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidation of the Cap1 transcription factor and macrophage escape. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2013;19:2244\u201360.","journal-title":"Antioxid Redox Signal"},{"key":"4767_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1011455","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1011455","volume":"20","author":"KA Swenson","year":"2024","unstructured":"Swenson KA, Min K, Konopka JB. Candida albicans pathways that protect against organic peroxides and lipid peroxidation. PLoS Genet. 2024;20:e1011455.","journal-title":"PLoS Genet"},{"key":"4767_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-842X(01)02094-7","volume":"9","author":"RA Calderone","year":"2001","unstructured":"Calderone RA, Fonzi WA. Virulence factors of Candida albicans. Trends Microbiol. 2001;9:327\u201335.","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol"},{"key":"4767_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1007\/s12223-017-0500-4","volume":"62","author":"PP de Barros","year":"2017","unstructured":"de Barros PP, Freire F, Rossoni RD, Junqueira JC, Jorge AOC. Candida Krusei and Candida glabrata reduce the filamentation of Candida albicans by downregulating expression of HWP1 gene. Folia Microbiol. 2017;62:317\u201323.","journal-title":"Folia Microbiol"}],"container-title":["BMC Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12866-026-04767-5","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12866-026-04767-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12866-026-04767-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T13:51:20Z","timestamp":1771595480000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12866-026-04767-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4767"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12866-026-04767-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2180"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2180","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"14 September 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 January 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 January 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study did not involve human participants, human data, or human tissue. Therefore, the Declaration of Helsinki is not applicable. The animal experiments were strictly adhered to the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals.The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences (permit number W202406030493). All animal procedures were conducted in accordance with the European Parliament Directive on the Protection of Animals Used for Scientific Purposes. The blood samples were obtained after anesthesia, which was performed by intraperitoneal injection of 0.3% sodium pentobarbital (50 mg\/kg). At the end of experiment, the animal was treated by tail vein injection of 3% sodium pentobarbital (150 mg\/kg). Following euthanasia, the death was verified based on the disappearance of cardiac activity. The whole procedure was carried out under the supervision of the Ethics Committee of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"150"}}