{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T03:27:56Z","timestamp":1786332476411,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780358400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786320000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":69,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Microbiol"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-026-05171-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T17:56:56Z","timestamp":1780423016000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Microbiome and metabolome patterns centered on cancer cachexia link skeletal muscle and adipose tissue depletion to clinical outcomes in locally advanced rectal cancer"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Zhixing","family":"Kuang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Zhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiannan","family":"Tu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anchuan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rong","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benhua","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"21","key":"5171_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6044","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2025.07.016","volume":"188","author":"A Garrett","year":"2025","unstructured":"Garrett A, Darzi N, Deshmukh A, et al. Vagal blockade of the brain-liver axis deters cancer-associated cachexia. Cell. 2025;188(21):6044\u2013e60636024.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"12","key":"5171_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2222","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255-024-01167-9","volume":"6","author":"M Berriel Diaz","year":"2024","unstructured":"Berriel Diaz M, Rohm M, Herzig S. Cancer cachexia: multilevel metabolic dysfunction. Nat Metab. 2024;6(12):2222\u201345.","journal-title":"Nat Metab"},{"issue":"6","key":"5171_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1080\/01635581.2025.2492126","volume":"77","author":"H Zhang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhang H, Zhang Y, Tang X, et al. The Prevalence and Prognostic Impact of Cancer Cachexia on Overall Survival in Patients with Gastrointestinal Cancer: A Meta-Analysis. Nutr Cancer. 2025;77(6):590\u20139.","journal-title":"Nutr Cancer"},{"key":"5171_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kuang Z, Lin X, Tu J, et al. [18 F]FDG PET unveils a cachexia-specific multiorgan metabolic phenotype and identifies patients with poor prognosis in locally advanced rectal cancer. European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging; 2025.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-025-07688-z"},{"issue":"3","key":"5171_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0004523","DOI":"10.1128\/cmr.00045-23","volume":"37","author":"M Van Hul","year":"2024","unstructured":"Van Hul M, Neyrinck AM, Everard A, et al. Role of the intestinal microbiota in contributing to weight disorders and associated comorbidities. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2024;37(3):e0004523.","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"5171_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2449586","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2025.2449586","volume":"17","author":"MM Thibaut","year":"2025","unstructured":"Thibaut MM, Roumain M, Piron E, et al. The microbiota-derived bile acid taurodeoxycholic acid improves hepatic cholesterol levels in mice with cancer cachexia. Gut Microbes. 2025;17(1):2449586.","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"issue":"11","key":"5171_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3207","DOI":"10.1038\/s41396-021-00998-8","volume":"15","author":"Y Ni","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ni Y, Lohinai Z, Heshiki Y, et al. Distinct composition and metabolic functions of human gut microbiota are associated with cachexia in lung cancer patients. Isme j. 2021;15(11):3207\u201320.","journal-title":"Isme j"},{"key":"5171_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Fearon K, Strasser F, Anker SD, Bosaeus I, Bruera E, Fainsinger RL, et al. Definition and classification of cancer cachexia: an international consensus. Lancet Oncol. 2011;12(5):489\u201395.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1470-2045(10)70218-7.","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(10)70218-7"},{"key":"5171_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen LK, Woo J, Assantachai P, Auyeung TW, et al. Asian working group for sarcopenia: 2019 consensus update on sarcopenia diagnosis and treatment. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2020;21(3):300\u2013307.e2.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2019.12.012"},{"issue":"1","key":"5171_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-55668-y","volume":"16","author":"J Armetta","year":"2025","unstructured":"Armetta J, Li SS, Vaaben TH, et al. Metagenome-guided culturomics for the targeted enrichment of gut microbes. Nat Commun. 2025;16(1):663.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"1","key":"5171_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-023-01747-z","volume":"12","author":"A Yerke","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yerke A, Fry Brumit D, Fodor AA. Proportion-based normalizations outperform compositional data transformations in machine learning applications. Microbiome. 2024;12(1):45.","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"issue":"2","key":"5171_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2244139","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2023.2244139","volume":"15","author":"Y Xia","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xia Y. Statistical normalization methods in microbiome data with application to microbiome cancer research. Gut Microbes. 2023;15(2):2244139.","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"issue":"7","key":"5171_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-021-01197-1","volume":"18","author":"S Alseekh","year":"2021","unstructured":"Alseekh S, Aharoni A, Brotman Y, et al. Mass spectrometry-based metabolomics: a guide for annotation, quantification and best reporting practices. Nat Methods. 2021;18(7):747\u201356.","journal-title":"Nat Methods"},{"issue":"6","key":"5171_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1860","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12788","volume":"12","author":"W-Q Lv","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lv W-Q, Lin X, Shen H, et al. Human gut microbiome impacts skeletal muscle mass via gut microbial synthesis of the short-chain fatty acid butyrate among healthy menopausal women. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2021;12(6):1860\u201370.","journal-title":"J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"key":"5171_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen L, Chen Y, Chen W, et al. Gut Microbiota in primary sarcopenia: mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets. Front. Biosci (Landmark Ed). 2025;30(6):36204.","DOI":"10.31083\/FBL36204"},{"issue":"5","key":"5171_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e14485","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.14485","volume":"24","author":"C Liu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Liu C, Wong PY, Barua N, et al. From Clinical to Benchside: Lacticaseibacillus and Faecalibacterium Are Positively Associated With Muscle Health and Alleviate Age-Related Muscle Disorder. Aging Cell. 2025;24(5):e14485.","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"issue":"1","key":"5171_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1186\/s12263-025-00791-8","volume":"20","author":"CK Ardis","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ardis CK, Bui TPN, Nieuwdorp M. Gut microbiota in cancer cachexia: a new frontier for research and therapy. Genes Nutr. 2025;20(1):28.","journal-title":"Genes Nutr"},{"issue":"3","key":"5171_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2023.02.007","volume":"41","author":"BR Pryce","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pryce BR, Wang DJ, Zimmers TA, et al. Cancer cachexia: involvement of an expanding macroenvironment. Cancer Cell. 2023;41(3):581\u20134.","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"5171_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sabater C, V\u00e1zquez X, Duncan SH. mGem: Faecalibacterium, an important protector of gut health. mBio, 2026;17(1):e0277625.","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.02776-25"},{"issue":"6743","key":"5171_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eadm8857","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adm8857","volume":"388","author":"XA Zhu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhu XA, Starosta S, Ferrer M, et al. A neuroimmune circuit mediates cancer cachexia-associated apathy. Science. 2025;388(6743):eadm8857.","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"5171_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.14661","volume":"24","author":"J Lou","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lou J, Wang Q, Wan X, et al. Changes and correlation analysis of intestinal microflora composition, inflammatory index, and skeletal muscle mass in elderly patients with sarcopenia. Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2024;24(1):140\u20136.","journal-title":"Geriatr Gerontol Int"},{"issue":"6","key":"5171_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1356","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms13061356","volume":"13","author":"S Roy","year":"2025","unstructured":"Roy S, Alizadeh Bahmani AH, Davids M, et al. Modulating the Gut\u2013Muscle Axis: Increasing SCFA-Producing Gut Microbiota Commensals and Decreasing Endotoxin Production to Mitigate Cancer Cachexia. Microorganisms. 2025;13(6):1356.","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"issue":"12","key":"5171_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1032","DOI":"10.1038\/s41430-024-01486-w","volume":"78","author":"J Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang J, Xiang Y, Wu L, et al. The association between inflammatory cytokines and sarcopenia-related traits: a bi-directional Mendelian randomization study. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2024;78(12):1032\u201340.","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"1","key":"5171_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-025-02331-7","volume":"11","author":"Y Tan","year":"2026","unstructured":"Tan Y, Xue R, Pan Y, et al. Cancer cachexia: molecular basis and therapeutic advances. Signal Transduct Target Therapy. 2026;11(1):16.","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Therapy"},{"key":"5171_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Panebianco C, Villani A, Potenza A, et al. Targeting gut microbiota in cancer cachexia: towards new treatment options. Int J Mol Sci. 2023;24(3):1849.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24031849"},{"issue":"5","key":"5171_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2340","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.13037","volume":"13","author":"Y Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang Y, Zhang Y, Lane NE, et al. Population-based metagenomics analysis reveals altered gut microbiome in sarcopenia: data from the Xiangya Sarcopenia Study. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2022;13(5):2340\u201351.","journal-title":"J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"issue":"12","key":"5171_CR27","first-page":"e01917","volume":"91","author":"J Mayer Melinda","year":"2025","unstructured":"Mayer Melinda J, Sayavedra L, Gotts K, et al. Human gut strains of Desulfovibrio piger exhibit spontaneous induction of multiple prophages. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2025;91(12):e01917\u201301925.","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"5171_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12033","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.12033","volume":"9","author":"YR Chen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chen YR, Jing QL, Chen FL, et al. Desulfovibrio is not always associated with adverse health effects in the Guangdong Gut Microbiome Project. PeerJ. 2021;9:e12033.","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"5171_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-023-01454-0","volume":"16","author":"T Setiawan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Setiawan T, Sari IN, Wijaya YT, et al. Cancer cachexia: molecular mechanisms and treatment strategies. J Hematol Oncol. 2023;16(1):54.","journal-title":"J Hematol Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5171_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13636","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.13636","volume":"16","author":"HA Park","year":"2025","unstructured":"Park HA, Sung J, Chang Y, et al. Metagenomic Analysis Identifies Sex-Related Gut Microbial Functions and Bacterial Taxa Associated With Skeletal Muscle Mass. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2025;16(1):e13636.","journal-title":"J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"issue":"8","key":"5171_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1543","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-25-0293","volume":"15","author":"K Koh","year":"2025","unstructured":"Koh K, Scott R, Cespedes Feliciano EM, et al. Cancer-Associated Cachexia: Bridging Clinical Findings with Mechanistic Insights in Human Studies. Cancer Discov. 2025;15(8):1543\u201368.","journal-title":"Cancer Discov"},{"issue":"3","key":"5171_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.13073","volume":"14","author":"A Martin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Martin A, Gallot YS, Freyssenet D. Molecular mechanisms of cancer cachexia-related loss of skeletal muscle mass: data analysis from preclinical and clinical studies. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2023;14(3):1150\u201367.","journal-title":"J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"key":"5171_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2017.07.030","volume":"174","author":"C Loerz","year":"2017","unstructured":"Loerz C, Maser E. The cortisol-activating enzyme 11\u03b2-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 in skeletal muscle in the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2017;174:65\u201371.","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"issue":"19","key":"5171_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2741","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2021.09.009","volume":"56","author":"P Santab\u00e1rbara-Ruiz","year":"2021","unstructured":"Santab\u00e1rbara-Ruiz P, L\u00e9opold P. An Oatp transporter-mediated steroid sink promotes tumor-induced cachexia in Drosophila. Dev Cell. 2021;56(19):2741\u2013e27512747.","journal-title":"Dev Cell"},{"key":"5171_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sun N, Krauss T, Seeliger C, et al. Inter-organ cross-talk in human cancer cachexia revealed by spatial metabolomics. Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental; 2024. p. 161.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2024.156034"},{"issue":"6Supplement","key":"5171_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6816","DOI":"10.1158\/1538-7445.AM2024-6816","volume":"84","author":"RL Bayer","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bayer RL, Virani S, Gillespie M, et al. Abstract 6816: Prevention of cancer cachexia by inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase. Cancer Res. 2024;84(6Supplement):6816\u20136816.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"23","key":"5171_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11530","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms262311530","volume":"26","author":"L Leng","year":"2025","unstructured":"Leng L, Zhou G, Liu A, et al. Lithocholic Acid Species: Metabolism, Signaling Pathways, and Clinical Significance in Enterohepatic Diseases. Int J Mol Sci. 2025;26(23):11530.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"5171_CR38","first-page":"51","volume":"55","author":"L Sun","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sun L, Li F, Tan W, et al. Lithocholic acid promotes skeletal muscle regeneration through the TGR5 receptor. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai). 2023;55(1):51\u201361.","journal-title":"Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai)"},{"key":"5171_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang T, Yang J, Jia Z, et al. Anti-cancer cachexia-induced muscle atrophy potential evaluation of polysaccharides from Pleurotus citrinopileatus in vitro and in vivo. Journal of Future Foods. 2025.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfutfo.2025.09.008"},{"issue":"1","key":"5171_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-024-01811-6","volume":"9","author":"JS Fleishman","year":"2024","unstructured":"Fleishman JS, Kumar S. Bile acid metabolism and signaling in health and disease: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets. Signal Transduct Target Therapy. 2024;9(1):97.","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Therapy"},{"key":"5171_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wise JL, Cummings BP. The 7-\u03b1-dehydroxylation pathway: an integral component of gut bacterial bile acid metabolism and potential therapeutic target. Front Microbiol. 2023;13:1093420.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.1093420"},{"issue":"2","key":"5171_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1124","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12918","volume":"13","author":"LJ Anderson","year":"2022","unstructured":"Anderson LJ, Lee J, Anderson B, et al. Whole-body and adipose tissue metabolic phenotype in cancer patients. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2022;13(2):1124\u201333.","journal-title":"J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"issue":"1","key":"5171_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-024-11367-9","volume":"39","author":"C Zhang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhang C, Fu Y, Sun Y, et al. Development and validation of a prognostic model for cachexia in postoperative gastric cancer patients with low nutritional risk: a dual-center retrospective cohort study. Surg Endosc. 2025;39(1):237\u201348.","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"issue":"2","key":"5171_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.01.006","volume":"43","author":"D Sun","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sun D, Yin H, Liu X, et al. Elevated 18F-FDG uptake in subcutaneous adipose tissue correlates negatively with nutritional status and prognostic survival in cachexia patients with gastric cancer. Clin Nutr. 2024;43(2):567\u201374.","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"5171_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2024.112356","volume":"120","author":"Z Ding","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ding Z, Han J, Huang Q, et al. Phosphatidylethanolamine (18:2e\/18:2) may inhibit adipose tissue wasting in patients with cancer cachexia by increasing lysophosphatidic acid receptor 6. Nutrition. 2024;120:112356.","journal-title":"Nutrition"}],"container-title":["BMC Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12866-026-05171-9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12866-026-05171-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12866-026-05171-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T02:31:33Z","timestamp":1786329093000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12866-026-05171-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["5171"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12866-026-05171-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2180"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2180","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 March 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 May 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 June 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki and Ethical Guidelines for Clinical Research. It was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Fujian Medical University Union Hospital (No. 2025KY316). All patients provided written informed consent for treatment prior to therapy. Due to the retrospective design and anonymized data, the requirement for study-specific informed consent was waived. Data were handled in compliance with privacy regulations.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflicts of interest.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"710"}}