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This retrospective study used de-identified bacterial isolates, corresponding MALDI-TOF MS spectra, and routine antimicrobial susceptibility testing results generated as part of standard clinical microbiology laboratory procedures. The Clinical Medical Research Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University waived the requirement for written informed consent to participate due to the retrospective design of the study and the use of anonymized data.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable. (No identifiable individual data are reported.)","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"762"}}