{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T05:16:48Z","timestamp":1783055808566,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783036800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783036800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"KFU","award":["KFU262011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KFU262011"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Microbiol"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-026-05337-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T02:35:00Z","timestamp":1783046100000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Multidrug-resistant Bacillus cereus in retail poultry meat: molecular insights into toxigenicity and antimicrobial resistance"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Reham M.","family":"El-Tarabili","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Alfifi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed Y.","family":"Behairy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sherief M.","family":"Abdel-Raheem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"17","key":"5337_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2572","DOI":"10.3390\/foods11172572","volume":"11","author":"E Tirloni","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tirloni E, Stella S, Celandroni F, Mazzantini D, Bernardi C, Ghelardi E. Bacillus cereus in dairy products and production plants. Foods. 2022;11(17):2572.","journal-title":"Foods"},{"key":"5337_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kowalska J, Ma\u0107kiw E, Korsak D. Bacillus cereus sl from Ready-to-Eat Products in Poland: Classical to Whole-Genome Sequencing Approach. LWT. 2025:118814.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2025.118814"},{"issue":"10","key":"5337_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7631","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2024-24703","volume":"107","author":"J Su","year":"2024","unstructured":"Su J, Chandross-Cohen T, Qian C, Carroll L, Kimble K, Yount M, Wiedmann M, Kovac J. Assessment of the exposure to cytotoxic Bacillus cereus group genotypes through high-temperature, short-time milk consumption. J Dairy Sci. 2024;107(10):7631\u201347.","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"5337_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4277","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.8.4277-4279.2005","volume":"43","author":"K Dierick","year":"2005","unstructured":"Dierick K, Van Coillie E, Swiecicka I, Meyfroidt G, Devlieger H, Meulemans A, Hoedemaekers G, Fourie L, Heyndrickx M, Mahillon J. Fatal family outbreak of Bacillus cereus-associated food poisoning. J Clin Microbiol. 2005;43(8):4277\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JCM.43.8.4277-4279.2005.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"5337_CR5","unstructured":"McDowell RH, Sands EM, Friedman H. Bacillus cereus. StatPearls. edn.: StatPearls Publishing; 2023."},{"issue":"2","key":"5337_CR6","first-page":"255","volume":"3","author":"H Chu","year":"1949","unstructured":"Chu H. The lecithinase of Bacillus cereus and its comparison with Clostridium welchii \u03b1-toxin. J Microbiol. 1949;3(2):255\u201373.","journal-title":"J Microbiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"5337_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2667","DOI":"10.3390\/s20092667","volume":"20","author":"N Ramarao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ramarao N, Tran S-L, Marin M, Vidic J. Advanced methods for detection of Bacillus cereus and its pathogenic factors. Sensors. 2020;20(9):2667.","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"issue":"4","key":"5337_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6976.2008.00112.x","volume":"32","author":"LP Stenfors Arnesen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Stenfors Arnesen LP, Fagerlund A, Granum PE. From soil to gut: Bacillus cereus and its food poisoning toxins. FEMS Microbiol Rev. 2008;32(4):579\u2013606.","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Rev"},{"issue":"11","key":"5337_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins12110701","volume":"12","author":"N Jessberger","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jessberger N, Dietrich R, Granum PE, M\u00e4rtlbauer E. The Bacillus cereus food infection as multifactorial process. Toxins. 2020;12(11):701.","journal-title":"Toxins"},{"issue":"1","key":"5337_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-019-1632-2","volume":"19","author":"G Fiedler","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fiedler G, Schneider C, Igbinosa EO, Kabisch J, Brinks E, Becker B, Stoll DA, Cho G-S, Huch M, Franz CM. Antibiotics resistance and toxin profiles of Bacillus cereus-group isolates from fresh vegetables from German retail markets. BMC Microbiol. 2019;19(1):250.","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"5337_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3441","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.7.3441-3444.2003","volume":"41","author":"NJ Hilliard","year":"2003","unstructured":"Hilliard NJ, Schelonka RL, Waites KB. Bacillus cereus bacteremia in a preterm neonate. J Clin Microbiol. 2003;41(7):3441\u20134.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5337_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-024-03204-9","volume":"24","author":"AM Algammal","year":"2024","unstructured":"Algammal AM, Eid HM, Alghamdi S, Ghabban H, Alatawy R, Almanzalawi EA, Alqahtani TM, Elfouly SG, Mohammed GM, Hetta HF. Meat and meat products as potential sources of emerging MDR bacillus cereus: gro EL gene sequencing, toxigenic and antimicrobial resistance. BMC Microbiol. 2024;24(1):50.","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"5337_CR13","first-page":"105","volume":"16","author":"MA Soliman","year":"2024","unstructured":"Soliman MA, Azab MS, Hussein HA. Abu El-naga MN: Validation and Application of FBPP: Software to Design Foodborne Pathogen PCR Primers and Probes. Egypt Acad J Biol Sci C Physiol Mol biology Evol. 2024;16(2):105\u201312.","journal-title":"Egypt Acad J Biol Sci C Physiol Mol biology Evol"},{"issue":"3","key":"5337_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.34172\/apb.2024.023","volume":"14","author":"S Negi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Negi S, Sharma S. Ready to eat food: a reason for enhancement in multidrug resistance in humans. Adv Pharm Bull. 2024;14(3):504.","journal-title":"Adv Pharm Bull"},{"key":"5337_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gao T, Ding Y, Wu Q, Wang J, Zhang J, Yu S, Yu P, Liu C, Kong L, Feng Z et al. Prevalence, Virulence Genes, Antimicrobial Susceptibility, and Genetic Diversity of Bacillus cereus Isolated From Pasteurized Milk in China. Front Microbiol. 2018;9:533.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.00533"},{"key":"5337_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Algammal AM, Alfifi KJ, Mabrok M, Alatawy M, Abdel-Moneam DA, Alghamdi S, Azab MM, Ibrahim RA, Hetta HF, El-Tarabili RM. Newly emerging MDR B. cereus in Mugil Seheli as the First Report Commonly Harbor nhe, hbl, cyt K, and pc-plc virulence genes and bla 1, bla 2, tet A, and erm A resistance genes. Infection Drug Resistance. 2022:2167\u20132185.","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S365254"},{"issue":"7\u20138","key":"5337_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1016\/S0160-4120(01)00045-9","volume":"26","author":"LB Jensen","year":"2001","unstructured":"Jensen LB, Baloda S, Boye M, Aarestrup FM. Antimicrobial resistance among Pseudomonas spp. and the Bacillus cereus group isolated from Danish agricultural soil. Environ Int. 2001;26(7\u20138):581\u20137.","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"key":"5337_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110840","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2021.110840","volume":"151","author":"Z Xu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xu Z, Yang Q, Zhu Y. Transcriptome analysis reveals the molecular mechanisms of the novel Lactobacillus pentosus pentocin against Bacillus cereus. Food Res Int. 2022;151:110840.","journal-title":"Food Res Int"},{"key":"5337_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110711","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2024.110711","volume":"418","author":"SM Abdel-Raheem","year":"2024","unstructured":"Abdel-Raheem SM, Khodier SM, Almathen F, Hanafy A-ST, Abbas SM, Al-Shami SA, Al-Sultan SI, Alfifi A, El-Tarabili RM. Dissemination, virulence characteristic, antibiotic resistance determinants of emerging linezolid and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp. in fish and crustacean. Int J Food Microbiol. 2024;418:110711.","journal-title":"Int J Food Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5337_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8390778","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/8390778","volume":"2023","author":"S Torki Baghbadorani","year":"2023","unstructured":"Torki Baghbadorani S, Rahimi E, Shakerian A. Investigation of virulence and antibiotic-resistance of bacillus cereus isolated from various spices. Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol. 2023;2023(1):8390778.","journal-title":"Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol"},{"key":"5337_CR21","volume-title":"Microbiology of food and animal feeding stuffs-horizontal method for the enumeration of presumptive Bacillus cereus-colony","author":"ISO E","year":"2004","unstructured":"ISO E. Microbiology of food and animal feeding stuffs-horizontal method for the enumeration of presumptive Bacillus cereus-colony. -count technique at 30\u00b0 C: ISO; 2004."},{"key":"5337_CR22","unstructured":"Maturin L, Peeler JJUF, Drug Administration. Silver Spring M, USA: BAM: Aerobic plate count. 2001:1\u201310."},{"issue":"8","key":"5337_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4502","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.69.8.4502-4510.2003","volume":"69","author":"Y-H Chang","year":"2003","unstructured":"Chang Y-H, Shangkuan Y-H, Lin H-C, Liu H-W. PCR assay of the groEL gene for detection and differentiation of Bacillus cereus group cells. J Appl Environ Microbiol. 2003;69(8):4502\u201310.","journal-title":"J Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"5337_CR24","first-page":"22","volume":"41","author":"C Wiwat","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wiwat C, Thiramanas R. Detection of hemolysin BL gene of Bacillus cereus isolates. Mahidol Univ J Pharm Sci. 2014;41:22\u201330.","journal-title":"Mahidol Univ J Pharm Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"5337_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3022","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msab120","volume":"38","author":"K Tamura","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tamura K, Stecher G, Kumar S. MEGA11: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 11. Mol Biol Evol. 2021;38(7):3022\u20137.","journal-title":"Mol Biol Evol"},{"issue":"3","key":"5337_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X-72.3.612","volume":"72","author":"Y-B Park","year":"2009","unstructured":"Park Y-B, Kim J-B, Shin S-W, Kim J-C, Cho S-H, Lee B-K, Ahn J, Kim J-M, Oh D-H. Prevalence, genetic diversity, and antibiotic susceptibility of Bacillus cereus strains isolated from rice and cereals collected in Korea. J Food Prot. 2009;72(3):612\u20137.","journal-title":"J Food Prot"},{"key":"5337_CR27","unstructured":"CLSI. Bacillus. In: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute: Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing: 27th Ed 424 Informationa Supplement. CLSI. 2017. CLSI Doc. M100-S20 (2017). Wayne, PA, USA."},{"issue":"3","key":"5337_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03570.x","volume":"18","author":"A-P Magiorakos","year":"2012","unstructured":"Magiorakos A-P, Srinivasan A, Carey RB, Carmeli Y, Falagas M, Giske C, Harbarth S, Hindler J, Kahlmeter G, Olsson-Liljequist B. Multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant and pandrug-resistant bacteria: an international expert proposal for interim standard definitions for acquired resistance. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2012;18(3):268\u201381.","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"issue":"1","key":"5337_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.46.1.165-170.1983","volume":"46","author":"PH Krumperman","year":"1983","unstructured":"Krumperman PH. Multiple antibiotic resistance indexing of Escherichia coli to identify high-risk sources of fecal contamination of foods. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1983;46(1):165\u201370.","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"5337_CR30","unstructured":"Nooratiny I, Sahilah A. Detection of enterotoxin targeted entFM and hblA genes by inoculating Bacillus cereus (Strain BC1) into ready-to-eat food (RTF) and drink samples using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Int Food Res J. 2013:20(4)."},{"key":"5337_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wehrle E, Didier A, Moravek M, Dietrich R, M\u00e4rtlbauer E. Detection of Bacillus cereus with enteropathogenic potential by multiplex real-time PCR based on SYBR green I. 2010:24(3):124\u201330.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcp.2009.11.004"},{"issue":"2","key":"5337_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.2006.00320.x","volume":"260","author":"M Ehling-Schulz","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ehling-Schulz M, Guinebretiere M-H, Month\u00e1n A, Berge O, Fricker M, Svensson B. Toxin gene profiling of enterotoxic and emetic Bacillus cereus. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2006;260(2):232\u201340.","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Lett"},{"issue":"1","key":"5337_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.61.1.98-102.1995","volume":"61","author":"H Schraft","year":"1995","unstructured":"Schraft H, Griffiths M. Specific oligonucleotide primers for detection of lecithinase-positive Bacillus spp. by PCR. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1995;61(1):98\u2013102.","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"5337_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4873","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.48.12.4873-4877.2004","volume":"48","author":"Y Chen","year":"2004","unstructured":"Chen Y, Tenover FC, Koehler TM. \u03b2-Lactamase gene expression in a penicillin-resistant Bacillus anthracis strain. Antimicrob agents Chemother. 2004;48(12):4873\u20137.","journal-title":"Antimicrob agents Chemother"},{"key":"5337_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rather MA, Aulakh RS, Gill JPS, Mir AQ, Hassan MN. Detection and sequencing of plasmid encoded tetracycline resistance determinants (tetA and tetB) from food\u2013borne Bacillus cereus isolates. 2012:5(9):709\u201312.","DOI":"10.1016\/S1995-7645(12)60111-4"},{"issue":"22","key":"5337_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7903","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00730-12","volume":"78","author":"DB Adimpong","year":"2012","unstructured":"Adimpong DB, S\u00f8rensen KI, Thorsen L, Stuer-Lauridsen B, Abdelgadir WS, Nielsen DS, Derkx PM, Jespersen L. Antimicrobial susceptibility of Bacillus strains isolated from primary starters for African traditional bread production and characterization of the bacitracin operon and bacitracin biosynthesis. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2012;78(22):7903\u201314.","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"5337_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.00447","volume":"9","author":"M Gdoura-Ben Amor","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gdoura-Ben Amor M, Siala M, Zayani M, Grosset N, Smaoui S, Messadi-Akrout F, Baron F, Jan S, Gautier M, Gdoura R. Isolation, identification, prevalence, and genetic diversity of Bacillus cereus group bacteria from different foodstuffs in Tunisia. Front Microbiol. 2018;9:447.","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"5337_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Elbarbary NK, Rhouma NR, Abdelhafeez MM, Almutairi LA, Al-Doaiss AA, Ahmed AE, El-Hawary SF, Dandrawy MK, Bekhit MM, Darwish WS. Bacillus cereus in meat products: Prevalence, toxins profile, antibiogram profile, and antimicrobial activity of Apple cider vinegar. Italian J Food Science\/Rivista Italiana di Scienza degli Alimenti. 2025;37(3).","DOI":"10.15586\/ijfs.v37i3.3024"},{"issue":"2","key":"5337_CR39","first-page":"76","volume":"9","author":"RS Zaki","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zaki RS, Hadad GA. Rate of salmonellae and bacillus cereus in some retailed cut-up chicken and poultry meat products. J Adv Veterinary Res. 2019;9(2):76\u201380.","journal-title":"J Adv Veterinary Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"5337_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12414","DOI":"10.1111\/jfs.12414","volume":"38","author":"M Soleimani","year":"2018","unstructured":"Soleimani M, Hosseini H, Pilevar Z, Mehdizadeh M, Carlin F. Prevalence, molecular identification and characterization of Bacillus cereus isolated from beef burgers. J Food Saf. 2018;38(1):e12414.","journal-title":"J Food Saf"},{"key":"5337_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105693","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idairyj.2023.105693","volume":"144","author":"T Torii","year":"2023","unstructured":"Torii T, Ohkubo Y. Distribution of cereulide-producing Bacillus cereus in raw milk in Hokkaido, Japan, and evaluation of cereulide production. Int Dairy J. 2023;144:105693.","journal-title":"Int Dairy J"},{"issue":"1","key":"5337_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11600","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-29932-3","volume":"8","author":"KM Osman","year":"2018","unstructured":"Osman KM, Kappell AD, Orabi A, Al-Maary KS, Mubarak AS, Dawoud TM, Hemeg HA, Moussa IM, Hessain AM, Yousef HM. Poultry and beef meat as potential seedbeds for antimicrobial resistant enterotoxigenic Bacillus species: a materializing epidemiological and potential severe health hazard. Sci Rep. 2018;8(1):11600.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"5337_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1796","DOI":"10.1007\/s13197-013-1162-0","volume":"52","author":"A Tewari","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tewari A, Singh S, Singh R. Incidence and enterotoxigenic profile of Bacillus cereus in meat and meat products of Uttarakhand, India. J food Sci Technol. 2015;52(3):1796\u2013801.","journal-title":"J food Sci Technol"},{"key":"5337_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2017.12.079","volume":"115","author":"S Wei","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wei S, Chelliah R, Park B-J, Park J-H, Forghani F, Park Y-S, Cho M-S, Park D-S, Oh D-H. Molecular discrimination of Bacillus cereus group species in foods (lettuce, spinach, and kimbap) using quantitative real-time PCR targeting groEL and gyrB. Microb Pathog. 2018;115:312\u201320.","journal-title":"Microb Pathog"},{"issue":"7","key":"5337_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1690","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins2071690","volume":"2","author":"S Senesi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Senesi S, Ghelardi E. Production, secretion and biological activity of Bacillus cereus enterotoxins. Toxins. 2010;2(7):1690\u2013703.","journal-title":"Toxins"},{"issue":"3","key":"5337_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1652","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2014-9042","volume":"98","author":"J-Y Hwang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hwang J-Y, Park J-H. Characteristics of enterotoxin distribution, hemolysis, lecithinase, and starch hydrolysis of Bacillus cereus isolated from infant formulas and ready-to-eat foods. J Dairy Sci. 2015;98(3):1652\u201360.","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"5337_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fm.2004.04.002","volume":"22","author":"T Pirhonen","year":"2005","unstructured":"Pirhonen T, Andersson M, J\u00e4\u00e4skel\u00e4inen EL, Salkinoja-Salonen M, Honkanen-Buzalski T, Johansson T-L. Biochemical and toxic diversity of Bacillus cereus in a pasta and meat dish associated with a food-poisoning case. Food Microbiol. 2005;22(1):87\u201391.","journal-title":"Food Microbiol"},{"key":"5337_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abdelaziz MNS, Zayda MG, Maung AT, El-Telbany M, Mohammadi TN, Lwin SZC, Linn KZ, Wang C, Yuan L, Masuda Y. Genetic characterization, antibiotic resistance, and virulence genes profiling of Bacillus cereus strains from various foods in Japan. Antibiotics. 2024;13(8):774.","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics13080774"},{"issue":"1","key":"5337_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-017-0975-9","volume":"17","author":"J Owusu-Kwarteng","year":"2017","unstructured":"Owusu-Kwarteng J, Wuni A, Akabanda F, Tano-Debrah K, Jespersen L. Prevalence, virulence factor genes and antibiotic resistance of Bacillus cereus sensu lato isolated from dairy farms and traditional dairy products. BMC Microbiol. 2017;17(1):65.","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol"},{"key":"5337_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.00948","volume":"10","author":"P Yu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yu P, Yu S, Wang J, Guo H, Zhang Y, Liao X, Zhang J, Wu S, Gu Q, Xue L. Bacillus cereus isolated from vegetables in China: incidence, genetic diversity, virulence genes, and antimicrobial resistance. Front Microbiol. 2019;10:948.","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"5337_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lin Y, Liu L, Lu S, Fan L, Hu H, Wang X, Zhu J, Qiang X, He J, Zhou H. Genomic Insights into the Pathogenicity and Drug-Resistance of a Bacillus cereus Isolated from Human Teeth. Infect Drug Resist. 2024:3623\u201335.","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S477637"},{"key":"5337_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fareid MA, El-Sherbiny GM, Elafandy NM, Eltoum NE, Othman MS, Sharaf MH, Abu-Elghait M, Elkhashab DM, Hamada FA. Assessment of the risk associated with Bacillus cereus isolates and potential combat with methanolic Artemisia vulgaris extract. Front Microbiol. 2025;16:1640200.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2025.1640200"},{"issue":"11","key":"5337_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins8110320","volume":"8","author":"V Castiaux","year":"2016","unstructured":"Castiaux V, Laloux L, Schneider Y-J, Mahillon J. Screening of cytotoxic B. cereus on differentiated Caco-2 cells and in co-culture with mucus-secreting (HT29-MTX) cells. Toxins. 2016;8(11):320.","journal-title":"Toxins"},{"key":"5337_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Abdelhak MA, Abdelmonem MA, Tolba ST. Prevalence of Virulent Bacillus cereus isolated from various food samples in the Egyptian food markets. Egypt J Bot. 2024; 64(3):318\u201327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21608\/ejbo.2024.287475.2836.","DOI":"10.21608\/ejbo.2024.287475.2836"},{"issue":"9","key":"5337_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3813","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00247-10","volume":"78","author":"T Lindb\u00e4ck","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lindb\u00e4ck T, Hardy SP, Dietrich R, S\u00f8dring M, Didier A, Moravek M, Fagerlund A, Bock S, Nielsen C, Casteel M. Cytotoxicity of the Bacillus cereus Nhe enterotoxin requires specific binding order of its three exoprotein components. Infect Immun. 2010;78(9):3813\u201321.","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"5337_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3043","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.03043","volume":"10","author":"S Yu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yu S, Yu P, Wang J, Li C, Guo H, Liu C, Kong L, Yu L, Wu S, Lei T. A study on prevalence and characterization of Bacillus cereus in ready-to-eat foods in China. Front Microbiol. 2020;10:3043.","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"5337_CR57","first-page":"13","volume":"24","author":"HI F","year":"2023","unstructured":"HI F. Prevalence of Bacillus cereus virulence genes in some dairy desserts. Mansoura Veterinary Med J. 2023;24(3):13.","journal-title":"Mansoura Veterinary Med J"},{"issue":"11","key":"5337_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0259209","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0259209","volume":"16","author":"NW Gamage","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gamage NW, Bamforth J, Ashfaq T, Bernard K, Gr\u00e4fenhan T, Walkowiak S. Profiling of Bacillus cereus on Canadian grain. PLoS ONE. 2021;16(11):e0259209.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"3","key":"5337_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00788-07","volume":"74","author":"C Fenselau","year":"2008","unstructured":"Fenselau C, Havey C, Teerakulkittipong N, Swatkoski S, Laine O, Edwards N. Identification of \u03b2-lactamase in antibiotic-resistant Bacillus cereus spores. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2008;74(3):904\u20136.","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"5337_CR60","unstructured":"Bhunia AK. Foodborne microbial pathogens: mechanisms and pathogenesis. Springer; 2008."},{"issue":"9","key":"5337_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2020.2920","volume":"18","author":"AM Hammad","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hammad AM, Eltahan A, Khalifa E, Abbas NH, Shimamoto T. Toxigenic potential of Bacillus cereus strains isolated from retail dairy products in Egypt. Foodborne Pathogens Disease. 2021;18(9):655\u201360.","journal-title":"Foodborne Pathogens Disease"},{"key":"5337_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Koraimann G. Spread and persistence of virulence and antibiotic resistance genes: a ride on the F plasmid conjugation module. EcoSal plus. 2018;8(1). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/ecosalplus. ESP-0003-2018.","DOI":"10.1128\/ecosalplus"}],"container-title":["BMC Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12866-026-05337-5","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12866-026-05337-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12866-026-05337-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T04:24:25Z","timestamp":1783052665000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12866-026-05337-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["5337"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12866-026-05337-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2180"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2180","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 January 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 June 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 July 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All experiments and protocols were approved by the Scientific Research Ethics Committee at Suez Canal University (Approval No.: SCU 2026017).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"590"}}