{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T19:59:51Z","timestamp":1793735991730,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","funder":[{"name":"a basic research program of project 973 by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China","award":["2011CB013304"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2011CB013304"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["81571184"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81571184"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["81070990"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81070990"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["30670719"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["30670719"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["30500525"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["30500525"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the Shanghai Science and Technology Commission","award":["15140902100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["15140902100"]}]},{"name":"the Shanghai Science and Technology Commission","award":["10QH1401700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["10QH1401700"]}]},{"name":"the Shanghai Science and Technology Commission","award":["09140901300"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["09140901300"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003395","name":"the Shanghai Municipal Education Commission","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["09SG20"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["09SG20"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003395","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Neurosci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s12868-016-0295-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,2]],"date-time":"2016-09-02T11:18:38Z","timestamp":1472815118000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["Astaxanthin alleviates cerebral edema by modulating NKCC1 and AQP4 expression after traumatic brain injury in mice"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Mingkun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenwen","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hua","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0605-7273","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chunlong","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,31]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9847","key":"295_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60864-2","volume":"380","author":"JV Rosenfeld","year":"2012","unstructured":"Rosenfeld JV, Maas AI, Bragge P, Morganti-Kossmann MC, Manley GT, Gruen RL. Early management of severe traumatic brain injury. Lancet. 2012;380(9847):1088\u201398.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"295_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2015.3887","volume":"33","author":"F Cao","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cao F, Jiang Y, Wu Y, Zhong J, Liu J, Qin X, Chen L, Vitek MP, Li F, Xu L, et al. Apolipoprotein E-Mimetic COG1410 reduces acute vasogenic edema following traumatic brain injury. J Neurotrauma. 2016;33(2):175\u201382.","journal-title":"J Neurotrauma"},{"issue":"3","key":"295_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0b013e328337f451","volume":"23","author":"JJ Donkin","year":"2010","unstructured":"Donkin JJ, Vink R. Mechanisms of cerebral edema in traumatic brain injury: therapeutic developments. Curr Opin Neurol. 2010;23(3):293\u20139.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurol"},{"issue":"2","key":"295_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1086\/665457","volume":"87","author":"S Cabrera","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cabrera S, Liu-Snyder P. Understanding secondary injury. Q Rev Biol. 2012;87(2):89\u2013127.","journal-title":"Q Rev Biol"},{"issue":"3","key":"295_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1007\/s004410050061","volume":"298","author":"P Kermer","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kermer P, Klocker N, Bahr M. Neuronal death after brain injury. Models, mechanisms, and therapeutic strategies in vivo. Cell Tissue Res. 1999;298(3):383\u201395.","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res"},{"issue":"22","key":"295_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15280","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M801425200","volume":"283","author":"B Yang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Yang B, Zador Z, Verkman AS. Glial cell aquaporin-4 overexpression in transgenic mice accelerates cytotoxic brain swelling. J Biol Chem. 2008;283(22):15280\u20136.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"295_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.biochem.68.1.425","volume":"68","author":"M Borgnia","year":"1999","unstructured":"Borgnia M, Nielsen S, Engel A, Agre P. Cellular and molecular biology of the aquaporin water channels. Annu Rev Biochem. 1999;68:425\u201358.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Biochem"},{"issue":"3","key":"295_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2010.06630.x","volume":"113","author":"MD Laird","year":"2010","unstructured":"Laird MD, Sukumari-Ramesh S, Swift AE, Meiler SE, Vender JR, Dhandapani KM. Curcumin attenuates cerebral edema following traumatic brain injury in mice: a possible role for aquaporin-4? J Neurochem. 2010;113(3):637\u201348.","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"issue":"3","key":"295_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0B013E31816590C4","volume":"36","author":"KT Lu","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lu KT, Cheng NC, Wu CY, Yang YL. NKCC1-mediated traumatic brain injury-induced brain edema and neuron death via Raf\/MEK\/MAPK cascade. Crit Care Med. 2008;36(3):917\u201322.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"295_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2016.02.002","volume":"94","author":"H Hui","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hui H, Rao W, Zhang L, Xie Z, Peng C, Su N, Wang K, Wang L, Luo P, Hao YL, et al. Inhibition of Na+\u2013K+\u20132Cl\u2212 Cotransporter-1 attenuates traumatic brain injury-induced neuronal apoptosis via regulation of Erk signaling. Neurochem Int. 2016;94:23\u201331.","journal-title":"Neurochem Int"},{"issue":"3","key":"295_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2011.07211.x","volume":"117","author":"AR Jayakumar","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jayakumar AR, Panickar KS, Curtis KM, Tong XY, Moriyama M, Norenberg MD. Na\u2013K\u2013Cl cotransporter-1 in the mechanism of cell swelling in cultured astrocytes after fluid percussion injury. J Neurochem. 2011;117(3):437\u201348.","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"issue":"4","key":"295_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.2217\/fca.09.19","volume":"5","author":"RG Fassett","year":"2009","unstructured":"Fassett RG, Coombes JS. Astaxanthin, oxidative stress, inflammation and cardiovascular disease. Fut Cardiol. 2009;5(4):333\u201342.","journal-title":"Fut Cardiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"295_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-7799(03)00078-7","volume":"21","author":"M Guerin","year":"2003","unstructured":"Guerin M, Huntley ME, Olaizola M. Haematococcus astaxanthin: applications for human health and nutrition. Trends Biotechnol. 2003;21(5):210\u20136.","journal-title":"Trends Biotechnol"},{"issue":"7","key":"295_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H225","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-3841.2009.01274.x","volume":"74","author":"KC Chan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Chan KC, Mong MC, Yin MC. Antioxidative and anti-inflammatory neuroprotective effects of astaxanthin and canthaxanthin in nerve growth factor differentiated PC12 cells. J Food Sci. 2009;74(7):H225\u201331.","journal-title":"J Food Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"295_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2010.07.003","volume":"126","author":"SK Khan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Khan SK, Malinski T, Mason RP, Kubant R, Jacob RF, Fujioka K, Denstaedt SJ, King TJ, Jackson HL, Hieber AD, et al. Novel astaxanthin prodrug (CDX-085) attenuates thrombosis in a mouse model. Thromb Res. 2010;126(4):299\u2013305.","journal-title":"Thromb Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"295_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1958","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.08-123281","volume":"23","author":"H Shen","year":"2009","unstructured":"Shen H, Kuo CC, Chou J, Delvolve A, Jackson SN, Post J, Woods AS, Hoffer BJ, Wang Y, Harvey BK. Astaxanthin reduces ischemic brain injury in adult rats. FASEB J. 2009;23(6):1958\u201368.","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"issue":"1","key":"295_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2014.05.029","volume":"192","author":"XS Zhang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zhang XS, Zhang X, Wu Q, Li W, Wang CX, Xie GB, Zhou XM, Shi JX, Zhou ML. Astaxanthin offers neuroprotection and reduces neuroinflammation in experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Surg Res. 2014;192(1):206\u201313.","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"295_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.2.JNS13730","volume":"121","author":"XS Zhang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zhang XS, Zhang X, Zhou ML, Zhou XM, Li N, Li W, Cong ZX, Sun Q, Zhuang Z, Wang CX, et al. Amelioration of oxidative stress and protection against early brain injury by astaxanthin after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Neurosurg. 2014;121(1):42\u201354.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"12","key":"295_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6125","DOI":"10.3390\/md12126125","volume":"12","author":"Q Wu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wu Q, Zhang XS, Wang HD, Zhang X, Yu Q, Li W, Zhou ML, Wang XL. Astaxanthin activates nuclear factor erythroid-related factor 2 and the antioxidant responsive element (Nrf2-ARE) pathway in the brain after subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats and attenuates early brain injury. Mar Drugs. 2014;12(12):6125\u201341.","journal-title":"Mar Drugs"},{"issue":"2","key":"295_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.13123","volume":"134","author":"Y Gao","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gao Y, Xu S, Cui Z, Zhang M, Lin Y, Cai L, Wang Z, Luo X, Zheng Y, Wang Y, et al. Mice lacking glutamate carboxypeptidase II develop normally, but are less susceptible to traumatic brain injury. J Neurochem. 2015;134(2):340\u201353.","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"295_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1186\/s12868-016-0251-1","volume":"17","author":"Y Cao","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cao Y, Gao Y, Xu S, Bao J, Lin Y, Luo X, Wang Y, Luo Q, Jiang J, Neale JH, et al. Glutamate carboxypeptidase II gene knockout attenuates oxidative stress and cortical apoptosis after traumatic brain injury. BMC Neurosci. 2016;17:15.","journal-title":"BMC Neurosci"},{"key":"295_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.04.013","volume":"84","author":"D Zheng","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zheng D, Li Y, He L, Tang Y, Li X, Shen Q, Yin D, Peng Y. The protective effect of astaxanthin on fetal alcohol spectrum disorder in mice. Neuropharmacology. 2014;84:13\u20138.","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"295_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2014.11.019","volume":"746","author":"K Tollner","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tollner K, Brandt C, Romermann K, Loscher W. The organic anion transport inhibitor probenecid increases brain concentrations of the NKCC1 inhibitor bumetanide. Eur J Pharmacol. 2015;746:167\u201373.","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"issue":"5868","key":"295_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1038\/297681a0","volume":"297","author":"RG Morris","year":"1982","unstructured":"Morris RG, Garrud P, Rawlins JN, O\u2019Keefe J. Place navigation impaired in rats with hippocampal lesions. Nature. 1982;297(5868):681\u20133.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"2","key":"295_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2008.02.003","volume":"26","author":"L Rangel-Castilla","year":"2008","unstructured":"Rangel-Castilla L, Gopinath S, Robertson CS. Management of intracranial hypertension. Neurol Clin. 2008;26(2):521\u201341.","journal-title":"Neurol Clin"},{"key":"295_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Eghwrudjakpor PO, Allison AB: Decompressive craniectomy following brain injury: factors important to patient outcome. Libyan J. Med. 2010, 5.","DOI":"10.3402\/ljm.v5i0.4620"},{"issue":"3","key":"295_CR27","first-page":"125","volume":"13","author":"M Doelken","year":"2007","unstructured":"Doelken M, Lanz S, Rennert J, Alibek S, Richter G, Doerfler A. Differentiation of cytotoxic and vasogenic edema in a patient with reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome using diffusion-weighted MRI. Diagn Interv Radiol. 2007;13(3):125\u20138.","journal-title":"Diagn Interv Radiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"295_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2004.06.046","volume":"129","author":"AW Unterberg","year":"2004","unstructured":"Unterberg AW, Stover J, Kress B, Kiening KL. Edema and brain trauma. Neuroscience. 2004;129(4):1021\u20139.","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"6","key":"295_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0128782","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0128782","volume":"10","author":"AB Lopez-Rodriguez","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lopez-Rodriguez AB, Acaz-Fonseca E, Viveros MP, Garcia-Segura LM. Changes in cannabinoid receptors, aquaporin 4 and vimentin expression after traumatic brain injury in adolescent male mice. Association with edema and neurological deficit. PLoS One. 2015;10(6):e0128782.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"7","key":"295_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2006.23.1083","volume":"23","author":"K Zweckberger","year":"2006","unstructured":"Zweckberger K, Eros C, Zimmermann R, Kim SW, Engel D, Plesnila N. Effect of early and delayed decompressive craniectomy on secondary brain damage after controlled cortical impact in mice. J Neurotrauma. 2006;23(7):1083\u201393.","journal-title":"J Neurotrauma"},{"issue":"9","key":"295_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3030","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2008.05.038","volume":"46","author":"JS Stewart","year":"2008","unstructured":"Stewart JS, Lignell A, Pettersson A, Elfving E, Soni MG. Safety assessment of astaxanthin-rich microalgae biomass: acute and subchronic toxicity studies in rats. Food Chem. Toxicol. 2008;46(9):3030\u20136.","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol"},{"key":"295_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1159\/000212745","volume":"61","author":"X Liu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Liu X, Osawa T. Astaxanthin protects neuronal cells against oxidative damage and is a potent candidate for brain food. Forum Nutr. 2009;61:129\u201335.","journal-title":"Forum Nutr"},{"issue":"1","key":"295_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.3390\/md12010128","volume":"12","author":"RR Ambati","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ambati RR, Phang SM, Ravi S, Aswathanarayana RG. Astaxanthin: sources, extraction, stability, biological activities and its commercial applications\u2014a review. Mar Drugs. 2014;12(1):128\u201352.","journal-title":"Mar Drugs"},{"issue":"3","key":"295_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2010.1705","volume":"28","author":"KV Rao","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rao KV, Reddy PV, Curtis KM, Norenberg MD. Aquaporin-4 expression in cultured astrocytes after fluid percussion injury. J Neurotrauma. 2011;28(3):371\u201381.","journal-title":"J Neurotrauma"},{"issue":"6","key":"295_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.20627","volume":"56","author":"E Gunnarson","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gunnarson E, Zelenina M, Axehult G, Song Y, Bondar A, Krieger P, Brismar H, Zelenin S, Aperia A. Identification of a molecular target for glutamate regulation of astrocyte water permeability. Glia. 2008;56(6):587\u201396.","journal-title":"Glia"},{"issue":"4","key":"295_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2009.11.074","volume":"168","author":"H Pasantes-Morales","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pasantes-Morales H, Cruz-Rangel S. Brain volume regulation: osmolytes and aquaporin perspectives. Neuroscience. 2010;168(4):871\u201384.","journal-title":"Neuroscience"}],"container-title":["BMC Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12868-016-0295-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,24]],"date-time":"2017-06-24T17:53:11Z","timestamp":1498326791000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/bmcneurosci.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12868-016-0295-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,31]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]}},"alternative-id":["295"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12868-016-0295-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2202"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2202","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,31]]},"article-number":"60"}}