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To explore the underlying mechanism, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of cathodal tDCS on brain injury caused by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We established the MCAO model and sham MCAO model with an epicranial electrode implanted adult male Sprague\u2013Dawley rats, and then they were randomly divided into four groups (MCAO\u2009+\u2009tDCS, MCAO\u2009+\u2009sham tDCS (Sham), Control\u2009+\u2009tDCS and Control\u2009+\u2009Sham group). In this study, the severity degree of neurological deficit, the morphology of brain damage, the apoptosis, the level of neuron-specific enolase and inflammatory factors, the activation of glial cells was detected. The results showed that cathodal tDCS significantly improved the level of neurological deficit and the brain morphology, reduced the brain damage area and apoptotic index, and increased the number of Nissl body in MCAO rats, compared with MCAO\u2009+\u2009Sham group. Meanwhile, the high level of NSE, inflammatory factors, Caspase 3 and Bax\/Bcl2 ratio in MCAO rats was reduced by cathodal tDCS. Additionally, cathodal tDCS inhibited the activation of astrocyte and microglia induced by MCAO. No difference was found in two Control groups.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Our results suggested that cathodal tDCS could accelerate the recovery of neurologic deficit and brain damage caused by MCAO. The inhibition of neuroinflammation and apoptosis resulted from cathodal tDCS may be involved in the neuroprotective process.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12868-020-00570-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,12]],"date-time":"2020-05-12T08:04:22Z","timestamp":1589270662000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Cathodal tDCS exerts neuroprotective effect in rat brain after acute ischemic stroke"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Ke-Ying","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gang","family":"Rui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun-Ping","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guang-Zhou","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia-Jin","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5750-6000","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gui-Rong","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"570_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2010.07.002","volume":"67","author":"MA Moskowitz","year":"2010","unstructured":"Moskowitz MA, Lo EH, Iadecola C. 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