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Linguistic ability, and disability, have been shown to have a strong genetic component in family and twin studies, but molecular genetic studies of language phenotypes are scarce, relative to studies of other cognitive traits and neurodevelopmental phenotypes. Moreover, most genetic studies examining such phenotypes do not incorporate parent-of-origin effects, which could account for some of the heritability of the investigated trait. We performed a genome-wide association study of receptive language, examining both child genetic effects and parent-of-origin effects.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Using a family-based cohort with 400 children with receptive language scores, we found a genome-wide significant paternal parent-of-origin effect with a SNP, rs11787922, on chromosome 9q21.31, whereby the T allele reduced the mean receptive language score by\u2009~\u200923, constituting a reduction of more than 1.5 times the population SD (P\u2009=\u20091.04\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>\u22128<\/jats:sup>). We further confirmed that this association was not driven by broader neurodevelopmental diagnoses in the child or a family history of psychiatric diagnoses by incorporating covariates for the above and repeating the analysis.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Our study reports a genome-wide significant association for receptive language skills; to our knowledge, this is the first documented genome-wide significant association for this phenotype. Furthermore, our study illustrates the importance of considering parent-of-origin effects in association studies, particularly in the case of cognitive or neurodevelopmental traits, in which parental genetic data are not always incorporated.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12868-020-00581-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,7]],"date-time":"2020-07-07T13:03:59Z","timestamp":1594127039000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Quantitative genome-wide association analyses of receptive language in the Danish High Risk and Resilience Study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2309-011X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ron","family":"Nudel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Camilla A. 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Permission to draw data from registers was granted by the Danish Ministry of Health. The study protocol was sent to the Danish Committee on Health Research Ethics, who decided that ethical approval was not needed due to the observational nature of the study. The genetic part of the study obtained ethical approval from the outset of the study and The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study \u2013VIA 7 was later incorporated into the protocol (Arv og Milj\u00f8\u2013genetics and environment) as an appendix, which has then been approved by the ethics committee (ARV OG MILJ\u00d8: betydning for psykisk sygdom hos b\u00f8rn og unge (H-B-2009-026)). Written informed consent was obtained from all adult participants and from the legal guardians of participating children.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors have no competing interests to declare, but TW states that he has acted as a lecturer and scientific counselor to H. Lundbeck A\/S. DE has been employed by H. Lundbeck A\/S since March 3rd 2020.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"30"}}