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Meanwhile, hypoxia and ischemia were induced in 3\u00a0day-old SD rats to construct hypoxic\u2013ischemic brain injury (HIBI) and NEC\u2009+\u2009HIBI models, without gender discrimination. Hematoxylin\u2013eosin staining was used to observe pathological changes in neonatal rat intestinal and brain tissues. Western blotting detected CXCL1 and CXCR2 expression in NEC, HIBI, and NEC\u2009+\u2009HIBI rat intestinal and brain tissues.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Compared with normal rats, pathological damage to periventricular white matter was observed in the NEC group. In addition to the increased mortality, the histopathological scores also indicated significant increases in brain and intestinal tissue damage in both HIBI and NEC\u2009+\u2009HIBI rats. Western blotting results suggested that CXCL1 and CXCR2 expression levels were upregulated to varying degrees in the intestinal and brain tissues of NEC, HIBI, and NEC\u2009+\u2009HIBI neonatal rats compared to that in the normal group. Compared with the HIBI group, the expression of CXCL1 and CXCR2 continued to increase in NEC\u2009+\u2009HIBI rats at different time points.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>CXCL1\/CXCR2 may be involved in white matter injury in neonatal rats by delivering intestinal inflammatory mediators through the gut\u2013brain axis.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12868-022-00749-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,19]],"date-time":"2022-11-19T01:02:48Z","timestamp":1668819768000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["CXCL1\/CXCR2 is involved in white matter injury in neonatal rats via the gut\u2013brain axis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Can","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiyuan","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linlin","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"749_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.13195","volume":"150","author":"SR Walani","year":"2020","unstructured":"Walani SR. 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