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Crops differ in their ability to acquire and utilise the P available. The aim of this study was to determine root traits (root exudates, root system architecture (RSA), tissue-specific allocation of P, and gene expression in roots) that (a) play a role in P-use efficiency and (b) contribute to large shoot zinc (Zn) concentration in <jats:italic>Brassica oleracea<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title><jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>\n<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Two <jats:italic>B. oleracea<\/jats:italic> accessions (var. <jats:italic>sabellica<\/jats:italic> C6, a kale, and var. <jats:italic>italica<\/jats:italic> F103, a broccoli) were grown in a hydroponic system or in a high-throughput-root phenotyping (HTRP) system where they received <jats:italic>Low P<\/jats:italic> (0.025\u2009mM) or <jats:italic>High P<\/jats:italic> (0.25\u2009mM) supply for 2\u00a0weeks. In hydroponics, root and shoot P and Zn concentrations were measured, root exudates were profiled using both Fourier-Transform-Infrared spectroscopy and gas-chromatography-mass spectrometry and previously published RNAseq data from roots was re-examined. In HTRP experiments, RSA (main and lateral root number and lateral root length) was assessed and the tissue-specific distribution of P was determined using micro-particle-induced-X-ray emission. The C6 accession had greater root and shoot biomass than the F103 accession, but the latter had a larger shoot P concentration than the C6 accession, regardless of the P supply in the hydroponic system. The F103 accession had a larger shoot Zn concentration than the C6 accession in the <jats:italic>High P<\/jats:italic> treatment. Although the F103 accession had a larger number of lateral roots, which were also longer than in the C6 accession, the C6 accession released a larger quantity and number of polar compounds than the F103 accession. A larger number of P-responsive genes were found in the <jats:italic>Low P<\/jats:italic> treatment in roots of the F103 accession than in roots of the C6 accession. Expression of genes linked with \u201cphosphate starvation\u201d was up-regulated, while those linked with iron homeostasis were down-regulated in the <jats:italic>Low P<\/jats:italic> treatment.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The results illustrate large within-species variability in root acclimatory responses to P supply in the composition of root exudates, RSA and gene expression, but not in P distribution in root cross sections, enabling P sufficiency in the two <jats:italic>B. oleracea<\/jats:italic> accessions studied.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12870-020-02558-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,5]],"date-time":"2020-08-05T08:03:42Z","timestamp":1596614622000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Effect of phosphorus supply on root traits of two Brassica oleracea L. genotypes"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0721-7555","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula","family":"Pongrac","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiram","family":"Castillo-Michel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Reyes-Herrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert D.","family":"Hancock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sina","family":"Fischer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mitja","family":"Kelemen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacqueline A.","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gladys","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matev\u017e","family":"Likar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin R.","family":"Broadley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Primo\u017e","family":"Vavpeti\u010d","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Primo\u017e","family":"Pelicon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philip J.","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2558_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8137.2012.04190.x","volume":"195","author":"EJ Veneklaas","year":"2012","unstructured":"Veneklaas EJ, Lambers H, Bragg J, Finnegan PM, Lovelock CE, Plaxton WC, et al. 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