{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T21:18:53Z","timestamp":1788211133134,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,20]],"date-time":"2020-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1582156800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,20]],"date-time":"2020-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1582156800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Anesthesiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Reversing a neuromuscular blockade agent with sugammadex is known to lessen postoperative complications by reducing postoperative residual curarization. However, its effects on 90-day mortality are unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the effects of sugammadex and neostigmine in terms of 90-day mortality after non-cardiac surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective cohort study analyzed the medical records of adult patients aged 18\u2009years or older who underwent non-cardiac surgery at a single tertiary care hospital between 2011 and 2016. Propensity score matching and Cox regression analysis were used to investigate the effectiveness of sugammadex and neostigmine in lowering 90-day mortality after non-cardiac surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 65,702 patients were included in the analysis (mean age: 52.3\u2009years, standard deviation: 15.7), and 23,532 of these patients (35.8%) received general surgery. After propensity score matching, 14,179 patients (3906 patients from the sugammadex group and 10,273 patients from the neostigmine group) were included in the final analysis. Cox regression analysis in the propensity score-matched cohort showed that the risk of 90-day mortality was 40% lower in the sugammadex group than in the neostigmine group (hazard ratio: 0.60, 95% confidence interval: 0.37, 0.98;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.042). These results were similar in the multivariable Cox regression analysis of the entire cohort (hazard ratio: 0.62, 95% confidence interval: 0.39, 0.96;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.036).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective cohort study suggested that reversing rocuronium with sugammadex might be associated with lower 90-day mortality after non-cardiac surgery compared to neostigmine. However, since this study did not evaluate quantitative neuromuscular function in the postoperative period due to its retrospective design, the results should be interpreted carefully. Future prospective studies with quantitative neuromuscular monitoring in the postoperative period should be performed to confirm these results.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-020-00962-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,20]],"date-time":"2020-02-20T08:03:35Z","timestamp":1582185815000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Association of neuromuscular reversal by sugammadex and neostigmine with 90-day mortality after non-cardiac surgery"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Tak Kyu","family":"Oh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jung-Hee","family":"Ryu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunwoo","family":"Nam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3659-6171","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ah-Young","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,20]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"962_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.1969.tb02878.x","volume":"24","author":"JC Cookson","year":"1969","unstructured":"Cookson JC, Paton WD. Mechanisms of neuromuscular block. A review article. Anaesth. 1969;24(3):395\u2013416.","journal-title":"Anaesth"},{"issue":"4790","key":"962_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.4790.891","volume":"2","author":"TC Gray","year":"1952","unstructured":"Gray TC, Rees GJ. The role of apnoea in anaesthesia for major surgery. Br Med J. 1952;2(4790):891\u20132.","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"issue":"3","key":"962_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/ael386","volume":"98","author":"M Naguib","year":"2007","unstructured":"Naguib M, Kopman AF, Ensor JE. Neuromuscular monitoring and postoperative residual curarisation: a meta-analysis. Br J Anaesth. 2007;98(3):302\u201316.","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"issue":"9","key":"962_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-6576.1997.tb04851.x","volume":"41","author":"H Berg","year":"1997","unstructured":"Berg H, Roed J, Viby-Mogensen J, Mortensen CR, Engbaek J, Skovgaard LT, Krintel JJ. Residual neuromuscular block is a risk factor for postoperative pulmonary complications. A prospective, randomised, and blinded study of postoperative pulmonary complications after atracurium, vecuronium and pancuronium. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 1997;41(9):1095\u2013103.","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"},{"issue":"2","key":"962_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000000757","volume":"121","author":"LP Fortier","year":"2015","unstructured":"Fortier LP, McKeen D, Turner K, de Medicis E, Warriner B, Jones PM, Chaput A, Pouliot JF, Galarneau A. The RECITE study: a Canadian prospective, multicenter study of the incidence and severity of residual neuromuscular blockade. Anesth Analg. 2015;121(2):366\u201372.","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"962_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinane.2018.12.042","volume":"55","author":"L Saager","year":"2019","unstructured":"Saager L, Maiese EM, Bash LD, Meyer TA, Minkowitz H, Groudine S, Philip BK, Tanaka P, Gan TJ, Rodriguez-Blanco Y, et al. Incidence, risk factors, and consequences of residual neuromuscular block in the United States: the prospective, observational, multicenter RECITE-US study. J Clin Anesth. 2019;55:33\u201341.","journal-title":"J Clin Anesth"},{"issue":"1","key":"962_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-195407000-00001","volume":"140","author":"HK Beecher","year":"1954","unstructured":"Beecher HK, Todd DP. A study of the deaths associated with anesthesia and surgery: based on a study of 599, 548 anesthesias in ten institutions 1948-1952, inclusive. Ann Surg. 1954;140(1):2\u201335.","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"962_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e6329","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.e6329","volume":"345","author":"M Grosse-Sundrup","year":"2012","unstructured":"Grosse-Sundrup M, Henneman JP, Sandberg WS, Bateman BT, Uribe JV, Nguyen NT, Ehrenfeld JM, Martinez EA, Kurth T, Eikermann M. Intermediate acting non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents and risk of postoperative respiratory complications: prospective propensity score matched cohort study. BMJ. 2012;345:e6329.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"962_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1213\/ane.0b013e31816d1268","volume":"107","author":"GS Murphy","year":"2008","unstructured":"Murphy GS, Szokol JW, Marymont JH, Greenberg SB, Avram MJ, Vender JS. Residual neuromuscular blockade and critical respiratory events in the postanesthesia care unit. Anesth Analg. 2008;107(1):130\u20137.","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"5","key":"962_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1476","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000001848","volume":"124","author":"MR Bronsert","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bronsert MR, Henderson WG, Monk TG, Richman JS, Nguyen JD, Sum-Ping JT, Mangione MP, Higley B, Hammermeister KE. Intermediate-acting nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents and risk of postoperative 30-day morbidity and mortality, and long-term survival. Anesth Analg. 2017;124(5):1476\u201383.","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"4","key":"962_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200510000-00007","volume":"103","author":"F Gijsenbergh","year":"2005","unstructured":"Gijsenbergh F, Ramael S, Houwing N, van Iersel T. First human exposure of org 25969, a novel agent to reverse the action of rocuronium bromide. Anesthesiol. 2005;103(4):695\u2013703.","journal-title":"Anesthesiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"962_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.27.8.1181","volume":"27","author":"WT Nicholson","year":"2007","unstructured":"Nicholson WT, Sprung J, Jankowski CJ. Sugammadex: a novel agent for the reversal of neuromuscular blockade. Pharmacother. 2007;27(8):1181\u20138.","journal-title":"Pharmacother"},{"issue":"1","key":"962_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aei314","volume":"96","author":"M Shields","year":"2006","unstructured":"Shields M, Giovannelli M, Mirakhur RK, Moppett I, Adams J, Hermens Y. Org 25969 (sugammadex), a selective relaxant binding agent for antagonism of prolonged rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block. Br J Anaesth. 2006;96(1):36\u201343.","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"issue":"6","key":"962_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aex116","volume":"118","author":"MH Bruintjes","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bruintjes MH, van Helden EV, Braat AE, Dahan A, Scheffer GJ, van Laarhoven CJ, Warle MC. Deep neuromuscular block to optimize surgical space conditions during laparoscopic surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Anaesth. 2017;118(6):834\u201342.","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"issue":"5","key":"962_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aev104","volume":"115","author":"B Brueckmann","year":"2015","unstructured":"Brueckmann B, Sasaki N, Grobara P, Li MK, Woo T, de Bie J, Maktabi M, Lee J, Kwo J, Pino R, et al. Effects of sugammadex on incidence of postoperative residual neuromuscular blockade: a randomized, controlled study. Br J Anaesth. 2015;115(5):743\u201351.","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"issue":"1","key":"962_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000001409","volume":"126","author":"SJ Brull","year":"2017","unstructured":"Brull SJ, Kopman AF. Current status of neuromuscular reversal and monitoring: challenges and opportunities. Anesthesiol. 2017;126(1):173\u201390.","journal-title":"Anesthesiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"962_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.2307\/2533160","volume":"52","author":"DB Rubin","year":"1996","unstructured":"Rubin DB, Thomas N. Matching using estimated propensity scores: relating theory to practice. Biometrics. 1996;52(1):249\u201364.","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"issue":"9847","key":"962_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61148-9","volume":"380","author":"RM Pearse","year":"2012","unstructured":"Pearse RM, Moreno RP, Bauer P, Pelosi P, Metnitz P, Spies C, Vallet B, Vincent JL, Hoeft A, Rhodes A, et al. Mortality after surgery in Europe: a 7 day cohort study. Lancet. 2012;380(9847):1059\u201365.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"962_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1177\/0310057X1304100316","volume":"41","author":"S Phillips","year":"2013","unstructured":"Phillips S, Stewart PA, Bilgin AB. A survey of the management of neuromuscular blockade monitoring in Australia and New Zealand. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2013;41(3):374\u20139.","journal-title":"Anaesth Intensive Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"962_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e3181c07428","volume":"111","author":"M Naguib","year":"2010","unstructured":"Naguib M, Kopman AF, Lien CA, Hunter JM, Lopez A, Brull SJ. A survey of current management of neuromuscular block in the United States and Europe. Anesth Analg. 2010;111(1):110\u20139.","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"8","key":"962_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.2007.05101.x","volume":"62","author":"M Grayling","year":"2007","unstructured":"Grayling M, Sweeney BP. Recovery from neuromuscular blockade: a survey of practice. Anaesth. 2007;62(8):806\u20139.","journal-title":"Anaesth"},{"issue":"1","key":"962_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-017-0393-4","volume":"17","author":"C Unterbuchner","year":"2017","unstructured":"Unterbuchner C, Blobner M, Puhringer F, Janda M, Bischoff S, Bein B, Schmidt A, Ulm K, Pithamitsis V, Fink H. Development of an algorithm using clinical tests to avoid post-operative residual neuromuscular block. BMC Anesthesiol. 2017;17(1):101.","journal-title":"BMC Anesthesiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"962_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200201000-00013","volume":"96","author":"H Kirkegaard","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kirkegaard H, Heier T, Caldwell JE. Efficacy of tactile-guided reversal from cisatracurium-induced neuromuscular block. Anesthesiol. 2002;96(1):45\u201350.","journal-title":"Anesthesiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"962_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ANE.0000130616.57678.80","volume":"99","author":"KS Kim","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kim KS, Cheong MA, Lee HJ, Lee JM. Tactile assessment for the reversibility of rocuronium-induced neuromuscular blockade during propofol or sevoflurane anesthesia. Anesth Analg. 2004;99(4):1080\u20135.","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"2","key":"962_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200502000-00005","volume":"102","author":"MS Arbous","year":"2005","unstructured":"Arbous MS, Meursing AE, van Kleef JW, de Lange JJ, Spoormans HH, Touw P, Werner FM, Grobbee DE. Impact of anesthesia management characteristics on severe morbidity and mortality. Anesthesiol. 2005;102(2):257\u201368 quiz 491-252.","journal-title":"Anesthesiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"962_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(18)30294-7","volume":"7","author":"E Kirmeier","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kirmeier E, Eriksson LI, Lewald H, Jonsson Fagerlund M, Hoeft A, Hollmann M, Meistelman C, Hunter JM, Ulm K, Blobner M, et al. Post-anaesthesia pulmonary complications after use of muscle relaxants (POPULAR): a multicentre, prospective observational study. Lancet Respir Med. 2019;7(2):129\u201340.","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"962_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1441","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.13277","volume":"70","author":"A Abad-Gurumeta","year":"2015","unstructured":"Abad-Gurumeta A, Ripolles-Melchor J, Casans-Frances R, Espinosa A, Martinez-Hurtado E, Fernandez-Perez C, Ramirez JM, Lopez-Timoneda F, Calvo-Vecino JM. Evidence Anaesthesia review G: a systematic review of sugammadex vs neostigmine for reversal of neuromuscular blockade. Anaesth. 2015;70(12):1441\u201352.","journal-title":"Anaesth"},{"issue":"5","key":"962_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.14160","volume":"73","author":"AM Hristovska","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hristovska AM, Duch P, Allingstrup M, Afshari A. The comparative efficacy and safety of sugammadex and neostigmine in reversing neuromuscular blockade in adults. A Cochrane systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis. Anaesth. 2018;73(5):631\u201341.","journal-title":"Anaesth"},{"issue":"3","key":"962_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.12.015","volume":"122","author":"Somnath Bose","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bose S, Xu X, Eikermann M. Does reversal of neuromuscular block with sugammadex reduce readmission rate after surgery? Br J Anaesth. 2019;122(3):294-8.","journal-title":"British Journal of Anaesthesia"},{"issue":"6","key":"962_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1253","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e31819faa71","volume":"110","author":"F Herbstreit","year":"2009","unstructured":"Herbstreit F, Peters J, Eikermann M. Impaired upper airway integrity by residual neuromuscular blockade: increased airway collapsibility and blunted genioglossus muscle activity in response to negative pharyngeal pressure. Anesthesiol. 2009;110(6):1253\u201360.","journal-title":"Anesthesiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"962_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1280","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e3181f70f3d","volume":"113","author":"F Herbstreit","year":"2010","unstructured":"Herbstreit F, Zigrahn D, Ochterbeck C, Peters J, Eikermann M. Neostigmine\/glycopyrrolate administered after recovery from neuromuscular block increases upper airway collapsibility by decreasing genioglossus muscle activity in response to negative pharyngeal pressure. Anesthesiol. 2010;113(6):1280\u20138.","journal-title":"Anesthesiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"962_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000000440","volume":"121","author":"N Sasaki","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sasaki N, Meyer MJ, Malviya SA, Stanislaus AB, MacDonald T, Doran ME, Igumenshcheva A, Hoang AH, Eikermann M. Effects of neostigmine reversal of nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents on postoperative respiratory outcomes: a prospective study. Anesthesiol. 2014;121(5):959\u201368.","journal-title":"Anesthesiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"962_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1097\/EJA.0b013e328345cd11","volume":"28","author":"M Sauer","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sauer M, Stahn A, Soltesz S, Noeldge-Schomburg G, Mencke T. The influence of residual neuromuscular block on the incidence of critical respiratory events. A randomised, prospective, placebo-controlled trial. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2011;28(12):842\u20138.","journal-title":"Eur J Anaesthesiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"962_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.11.028","volume":"122","author":"TK Oh","year":"2019","unstructured":"Oh TK, Oh AY, Ryu JH, Koo BW, Song IA, Nam SW, Jee HJ. Retrospective analysis of 30-day unplanned readmission after major abdominal surgery with reversal by sugammadex or neostigmine. Br J Anaesth. 2019;122(3):370\u20138.","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"962_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shaydenfish D, Scheffenbichler FT, Kelly BJ, Lihn AL, Deng H, Nourmahnad A, Xu X, Houle TT, Eikermann M, Forman SA. Effects of anticholinesterase reversal under general anesthesia on postoperative cardiovascular complications: a retrospective cohort study. Anesth Analg. 2019.","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000004099"},{"issue":"6","key":"962_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000004028","volume":"128","author":"Stephanie D. Grabitz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Grabitz SD, Rajaratnam N, Chhagani K, Thevathasan T, Teja BJ, Deng H, Eikermann M, Kelly BJ. The effects of postoperative residual neuromuscular blockade on hospital costs and intensive care unit admission: a population-based cohort study. Anesth Analg. 2019;128(6):1129-36.","journal-title":"Anesthesia & Analgesia"},{"issue":"2","key":"962_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aev437","volume":"116","author":"N Kaufhold","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kaufhold N, Schaller SJ, Stauble CG, Baumuller E, Ulm K, Blobner M, Fink H. Sugammadex and neostigmine dose-finding study for reversal of residual neuromuscular block at a train-of-four ratio of 0.2 (SUNDRO20)dagger. Br J Anaesth. 2016;116(2):233\u201340.","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"issue":"1","key":"962_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000002670","volume":"127","author":"M Naguib","year":"2018","unstructured":"Naguib M, Brull SJ, Kopman AF, Hunter JM, Fulesdi B, Arkes HR, Elstein A, Todd MM, Johnson KB. Consensus statement on perioperative use of neuromuscular monitoring. Anesth Analg. 2018;127(1):71\u201380.","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"}],"container-title":["BMC Anesthesiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12871-020-00962-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12871-020-00962-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12871-020-00962-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,20]],"date-time":"2021-02-20T13:36:08Z","timestamp":1613828168000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcanesthesiol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12871-020-00962-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,20]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["962"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12871-020-00962-7","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.737413939.793579096","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1471-2253"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2253","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 November 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 February 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 February 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This retrospective cohort study was approved by the institutional review board (IRB) of the Seoul National University Bundang Hospital (SNUBH) (Approval number: B-1809-495-102, approval date: September 7, 2018). Considering the retrospective nature of the study, in which the medical records of patients who had already completed treatment were analyzed, the requirement for obtaining informed consent was waived by the IRB.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"41"}}