{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T01:11:19Z","timestamp":1792977079635,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,14]],"date-time":"2020-01-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1578960000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,14]],"date-time":"2020-01-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1578960000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Anesthesiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sore throat is a remarkable complication after thyroid surgery with endotracheal tube (ETT). Many studies revealed that laryngeal mask airway (LMA) might reduce the incidence and severity of postoperative sore throat. However, little is known about the use of a flexible reinforced LMA (FLMA) in thyroid surgery. The purpose of this study was to explore the potential benefits of FLMA compared with ETT on postoperative sore throat.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this prospective, single-blinded, randomized, controlled trial, ninety-six patients aged 20\u201380\u2009years, scheduled for elective radical thyroidectomy under general anesthesia were enrolled. They were randomly divided into ETT group and FLMA group. All the included patients received total intravenous anesthesia (with propofol, fentanyl and rocuronium) and controlled mechanical ventilation during the surgery. Cuff pressure of ETT and FLMA were strictly controlled. Incidence and severity of postoperative sore throat, numbness and hoarseness at 1, 24, and 48\u2009h after surgery was evaluated and compared between the two groups. Incidence and severity of buckling during extubation and the hemodynamic profile during intubation were also recorded and compared.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The incidence of sore throat and hoarseness was significantly lower in FLMA group than those in ETT group at 1\u2009h, 24\u2009h and 48\u2009h postoperatively, as well as the severity of sore throat. Compared to ETT group, there was a significantly lower incidence of buckling during extubation and less fluctuation of HR and BP at 1\u2009min and 3\u2009min after intubation in FLMA group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients undergoing thyroid surgery with FLMA had less postoperative laryngopharyngeal symptoms when compared with ETT. The use of FLMA also achieved less buckling during extubation and better hemodynamic profiles during intubation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The research was registered in Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.chictr.org.cn\/showproj.aspx?proj=11031\">ChiCTR-IOR-15006602<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      ) on May 23th, 2015.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-020-0932-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,14]],"date-time":"2020-01-14T08:02:47Z","timestamp":1578988967000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Laryngeal mask airway reduces incidence of post-operative sore throat after thyroid surgery compared with endotracheal tube: a single-blinded randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Yahong","family":"Gong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaohan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu","family":"Che","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weijia","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Yi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"932_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/54.4.453","volume":"54","author":"PJ Jensen","year":"1982","unstructured":"Jensen PJ, Hommelgaard P, Sondergaard P, et al. Sore throat after operation: influence of tracheal intubation, intracuff pressure and type of cuff. Br J Anaesth. 1982;54(4):453\u20137.","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"issue":"75","key":"932_CR2","first-page":"89","volume":"26","author":"M Eidi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Eidi M, Seyed Toutounchi SJ, Kolahduzan K, et al. Comparing the effect of dexamethasone before and after tracheal intubation on sore throat after Tympanoplasty surgery: a randomized controlled trial. Iran J Otorhinolaryngol. 2014;26(75):89\u201398.","journal-title":"Iran J Otorhinolaryngol"},{"issue":"4","key":"932_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1017\/S0265021505000529","volume":"22","author":"P Biro","year":"2005","unstructured":"Biro P, Seifert B, Pasch T. Complaints of sore throat after tracheal intubation: a prospective evaluation. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2005;22(4):307\u201311.","journal-title":"Eur J Anaesthesiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"932_CR4","first-page":"203","volume":"44","author":"J Sanou","year":"1996","unstructured":"Sanou J, Ilboudo D, Rouamba A, et al. Sore throat after tracheal intubation. Cahiers d'anesthesiologie. 1996;44(3):203\u20136.","journal-title":"Cahiers d'anesthesiologie"},{"issue":"4","key":"932_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.1993.tb06990.x","volume":"48","author":"DV Thomas","year":"1993","unstructured":"Thomas DV. Hoarseness and sore throat after tracheal intubation. Small tubes prevent. Anaesthesia. 1993;48(4):355\u20136.","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"issue":"5","key":"932_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2044.1999.00780.x","volume":"54","author":"FE McHardy","year":"1999","unstructured":"McHardy FE, Chung F. Postoperative sore throat: cause, prevention and treatment. Anaesthesia. 1999;54(5):444\u201353.","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"issue":"1","key":"932_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9610(71)90348-5","volume":"122","author":"C Martis","year":"1971","unstructured":"Martis C, Athanassiades S. Post-thyroidectomy laryngeal edema. A survey of fifty-four cases. Am J Surg. 1971;122(1):58\u201360.","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"issue":"11","key":"932_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1445-1433.2001.02230.x","volume":"71","author":"AN Hisham","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hisham AN, Roshilla H, Amri N, et al. Post-thyroidectomy sore throat following endotracheal intubation. ANZ J Surg. 2001;71(11):669\u201371.","journal-title":"ANZ J Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"932_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-013-2269-1","volume":"38","author":"JH Ryu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ryu JH, Yom CK, Park DJ, et al. Prospective randomized controlled trial on the use of flexible reinforced laryngeal mask airway (LMA) during total thyroidectomy: effects on postoperative laryngopharyngeal symptoms. World J Surg. 2014;38(2):378\u201384.","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"932_CR10","first-page":"226","volume":"74","author":"DJ Premachandra","year":"1992","unstructured":"Premachandra DJ. Application of the laryngeal mask airway to thyroid surgery and the preservation of the recurrent laryngeal nerve. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 1992;74(3):226.","journal-title":"Ann R Coll Surg Engl"},{"issue":"3","key":"932_CR11","first-page":"225","volume":"74","author":"RA Greatorex","year":"1992","unstructured":"Greatorex RA, Denny NM. Application of the laryngeal mask airway to thyroid surgery and the preservation of the recurrent laryngeal nerve. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 1992;74(3):225\u20136.","journal-title":"Ann R Coll Surg Engl"},{"key":"932_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2006.08.008","volume":"140","author":"CP Lombardi","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lombardi CP, Raffaelli M, D\u2019Alatri L, Marchese MR, Rigante M, Paludetti G, Bellantone R. Voice and swallowing changes after thyroidectomy in patients without inferior laryngeal nerve injuries. Surgery. 2006;140:1026\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.surg.2006.08.008.","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"932_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2006.10.009","volume":"194","author":"L Soylu","year":"2007","unstructured":"Soylu L, Ozbas S, Uslu HY, Kocak S. The evaluation of the causes of subjective voice disturbances after thyroid surgery. Am J Surg. 2007;194:317\u201322.","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"932_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-200212000-00015","volume":"236","author":"A Stojadinovic","year":"2002","unstructured":"Stojadinovic A, Shaha AR, Orlikoff RF, Nissan A, Kornak MF, Singh B, Boyle JO, Shah JP, Brennan MF, Kraus DH. Prospective functional voice assessment in patients undergoing thyroid surgery. Ann Surg. 2002;236:823\u201332.","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"932_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2359","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2010.04.017","volume":"68","author":"SH Yu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Yu SH, Beirne OR. Laryngeal mask airways have a lower risk of airway complications compared with endotracheal intubation: a systematic review. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2010;68:2359\u201376.","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"932_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1017\/S0265021507002980","volume":"25","author":"C Martin-Castro","year":"2008","unstructured":"Martin-Castro C, Montero A. Flexible laryngeal mask as an alternative to reinforced tracheal tube for upper chest, head and neck oncoplastic surgery. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2008;25:261\u20136.","journal-title":"Eur J Anaesthesiol"},{"key":"932_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/77.2.185","volume":"77","author":"AC Quinn","year":"1996","unstructured":"Quinn AC, Samaan A, McAteer EM, Moss E, Vucevic M. The reinforced laryngeal mask airway for dento-alveolar surgery. Br J Anaesth. 1996;77:185\u20138.","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"932_CR18","first-page":"421","volume":"88","author":"AC Webster","year":"1999","unstructured":"Webster AC, Morley-Forster PK, Janzen V, Watson J, Dain SL, Taves D, Dantzer D. Anesthesia for intranasal surgery: a comparison between tracheal intubation and the flexible rein- forced laryngeal mask airway. Anesth Analg. 1999;88:421\u20135.","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"932_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/70.1.30","volume":"70","author":"PJ Williams","year":"1993","unstructured":"Williams PJ, Bailey PM. Comparison of the reinforced laryngeal mask airway and tracheal intubation for adenotonsil- lectomy. Br J Anaesth. 1993;70:30\u20133.","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"932_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03011075","volume":"42","author":"J Brimacombe","year":"1995","unstructured":"Brimacombe J. The advantages of the LMA over the tracheal tube or facemask: a meta-analysis. Can J Anaesth. 1995;42:1017\u201323.","journal-title":"Can J Anaesth"},{"issue":"3","key":"932_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-014-2675-z","volume":"39","author":"C Kumar","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kumar C, Mishra A. Prospective randomized controlled trial on the use of flexible reinforced laryngeal mask airway (LMA) during Total thyroidectomy: effects on postoperative Laryngopharyngeal symptoms: reply. World J Surg. 2014;39(3):810.","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"932_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.5958\/0976-5506.2015.00227.2","volume":"6","author":"KV Suma","year":"2015","unstructured":"Suma KV, Bhaskar KU. Prevention of post intubation sore throat by inflating endotracheal tube cuff with alkalinized lignocaine. Indian J Public Health Res Dev. 2015;6(4):200.","journal-title":"Indian J Public Health Res Dev"},{"key":"932_CR23","unstructured":"Gross. The influence of laryngeal mask airway (LMA) cuff pressure on postoperative sore throat: 19AP3\u20131. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2010;27(47):250."},{"issue":"1","key":"932_CR24","first-page":"709801","volume":"2014","author":"JE Kang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kang JE, Oh CS, Choi JW, et al. Postoperative Pharyngolaryngeal adverse events with laryngeal mask airway (LMA supreme) in laparoscopic surgical procedures with cuff pressure limiting 25\u2009cmH2O: prospective, blind, and randomised study. Sci World J. 2014;2014(1):709801.","journal-title":"Sci World J"},{"issue":"50","key":"932_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13510","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000013510","volume":"97","author":"JH Park","year":"2018","unstructured":"Park JH, Lee YC, Lee J, et al. The influence of high-dose intraoperative remifentanil on postoperative sore throat: a prospective randomized study: a CONSORT compliant article. Medicine (Baltimore). 2018;97(50):e13510.","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"}],"container-title":["BMC Anesthesiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12871-020-0932-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12871-020-0932-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12871-020-0932-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,12]],"date-time":"2021-01-12T19:13:13Z","timestamp":1610478793000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcanesthesiol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12871-020-0932-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,14]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["932"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12871-020-0932-2","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.2.13336\/v2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.2.13336\/v1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.2.13336\/v3","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1471-2253"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2253","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 August 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 January 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 January 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The research was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) (IRB No. S-631). Written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"16"}}