{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T09:10:47Z","timestamp":1791364247983,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,19]],"date-time":"2021-07-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626652800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,19]],"date-time":"2021-07-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626652800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Anesthesiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aims to investigate the risk factors of perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PNDs) mainly including postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in elderly patients with gastrointestinal tumors, and evaluate its predictive value.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 222 eligible elderly patients (\u226565\u2009years) scheduled for elective gastroenterectomy under general anesthesia were enrolled. The cognitive function assessment was carried out 1\u2009day before surgery and 7\u2009days after surgery. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to evaluate the predictive value of risk factors for early POCD. The risk factors for POCD were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression model.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of all the 222 enrolled patients, 91 (41.0%) developed early POCD and 40 (18.0%) were identified as major POCD within 7\u2009days after the surgery. Visual analogue score (VAS, 1st day, resting) \u22654 (OR\u2009=\u20097.618[3.231\u201317.962],\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and alcohol exposure (OR\u2009=\u20092.398[1.174\u20134.900],\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.016) were independent risk factors for early POCD. VAS score (1st, resting) \u22654 (OR\u2009=\u200913.823[4.779\u201339.981],\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), preoperative white blood cell (WBC) levels \u226510\u2009\u00d7\u200910*9\/L (OR\u2009=\u20095.548[1.128\u201326.221],\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.035), blood loss \u2265500\u2009ml (OR\u2009=\u20093.317[1.094\u201310.059],\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.034), history of hypertension (OR\u2009=\u20093.046[1.267\u20137.322],\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.013), and neutrophil\u2013lymphocyte ratio (NLR) \u22652 (OR\u2009=\u20093.261[1.020\u201310.419],\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.046) were independent risk factors for major POCD. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that VAS score (1st day, resting) was a significant predictor for major POCD with a cut-off value of 2.68 and an area under the curve of 0.860 (95% confidence interval: 0.801\u20130.920,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The risk factors for early POCD after gastroenterectomy included high VAS score (1st day, resting) and alcohol exposure. High VAS score, preoperative WBC levels \u226510\u2009\u00d7\u200910*9\/L, blood loss \u2265500\u2009ml, NLR \u22652, and history of hypertension were independent risk factors for major POCD. Among them, VAS score was one of the important predictors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-021-01405-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,19]],"date-time":"2021-07-19T03:02:59Z","timestamp":1626663779000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Risk factors and predictive value of perioperative neurocognitive disorders in elderly patients with gastrointestinal tumors"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Yong-Li","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui-Fan","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"1405_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000002956","volume":"132","author":"RG Eckenhoff","year":"2020","unstructured":"Eckenhoff RG, Maze M, Xie Z, Culley DJ, Goodlin SJ, Zuo Z, et al. Perioperative Neurocognitive Disorder State of the Preclinical Science. Anesthesiology. 2020;132(1):55.","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"1405_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2019.07.004","volume":"123","author":"E Mahanna-Gabrielli","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mahanna-Gabrielli E, Schenning KJ, Eriksson LI, Browndyke JN, Wright CB, Evered L, et al. State of the clinical science of perioperative brain health: report from the American Society of Anesthesiologists Brain Health Initiative Summit 2018. Br J Anaesth. 2019;123(4):464\u201378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bja.2019.07.004.","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"issue":"3","key":"1405_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000002729","volume":"131","author":"LA Daiello","year":"2019","unstructured":"Daiello LA, Racine AM, Gou RY, Marcantonio ER, Xie Z, Kunze LJ, et al. Postoperative delirium and postoperative cognitive dysfunction overlap and divergence. Anesthesiology. 2019;131(3):477\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ALN.0000000000002729.","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"5","key":"1405_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2017.11.087","volume":"121","author":"L Evered","year":"2018","unstructured":"Evered L, Silbert B, Knopman DS, Scott DA, DeKosky ST, Rasmussen LS, et al. Recommendations for the nomenclature of cognitive change associated with anaesthesia and surgery-2018. Br J Anaesth. 2018;121(5):1005\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bja.2017.11.087.","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"issue":"9920","key":"1405_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60688-1","volume":"383","author":"SK Inouye","year":"2014","unstructured":"Inouye SK, Westendorp RGJ, Saczynski JS. Delirium in elderly people. Lancet. 2014;383(9920):911\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60688-1.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"1405_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aex130","volume":"119","author":"J Sprung","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sprung J, Roberts RO, Weingarten TN, Cavalcante AN, Knopman DS, Petersen RC, et al. Postoperative delirium in elderly patients is associated with subsequent cognitive impairment. Br J Anaesth. 2017;119(2):316\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bja\/aex130.","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"issue":"2","key":"1405_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aex053","volume":"119","author":"AC Sauer","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sauer AC, Veldhuijzen DS, Ottens TH, Slooter AJC, Kalkman CJ, van Dijk D. Association between delirium and cognitive change after cardiac surgery. Br J Anaesth. 2017;119(2):308\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bja\/aex053.","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"issue":"1","key":"1405_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000001660","volume":"127","author":"GM Hamilton","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hamilton GM, Wheeler K, Di Michele J, Lalu MM, McIsaac DI. A systematic review and meta-analysis examining the impact of incident postoperative delirium on mortality. Anesthesiology. 2017;127(1):78\u201388. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ALN.0000000000001660.","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"5","key":"1405_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1202","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e3182147f6d","volume":"112","author":"JL Rudolph","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rudolph JL, Marcantonio ER. Postoperative delirium: acute change with long-term implications. Anesth Analg. 2011;112(5):1202\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1213\/ANE.0b013e3182147f6d.","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"5","key":"1405_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e318215217e","volume":"112","author":"L Evered","year":"2011","unstructured":"Evered L, Scott DA, Silbert B, Maruff P. Postoperative cognitive dysfunction is independent of type of surgery and anesthetic. Anesth Analg. 2011;112(5):1179\u201385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1213\/ANE.0b013e318215217e.","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"1405_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.2147\/CMAR.S149619","volume":"10","author":"R Sitarz","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sitarz R, Skierucha M, Mielko J, Offerhaus GJA, Maciejewski R, Polkowski WP. Gastric cancer: epidemiology, prevention, classification, and treatment. Cancer Manag Res. 2018;10:239\u201348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/CMAR.S149619.","journal-title":"Cancer Manag Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"1405_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-13-1057","volume":"23","author":"P Karimi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Karimi P, Islami F, Anandasabapathy S, Freedman ND, Kamangar F. Gastric Cancer: descriptive epidemiology, risk factors, screening, and prevention. Cancer Epidemiol Biomark Prev. 2014;23(5):700\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-13-1057.","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomark Prev"},{"issue":"3","key":"1405_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.23262","volume":"107","author":"DE Guggenheim","year":"2013","unstructured":"Guggenheim DE, Shah MA. Gastric cancer epidemiology and risk factors. J Surg Oncol. 2013;107(3):230\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jso.23262.","journal-title":"J Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"10207","key":"1405_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1467","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)32319-0","volume":"394","author":"E Dekker","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dekker E, Tanis PJ, Vleugels JLA, Kasi PM, Wallace MB. Colorectal cancer. Lancet. 2019;394(10207):1467\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)32319-0.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"1405_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2019.07.045","volume":"18","author":"AP Thrift","year":"2020","unstructured":"Thrift AP, El-Serag HB. Burden of gastric Cancer. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020;18(3):534\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cgh.2019.07.045.","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1405_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2018.08.063","volume":"156","author":"AF Peery","year":"2019","unstructured":"Peery AF, Crockett SD, Murphy CC, Lund JL, Dellon ES, Williams JL, et al. Burden and Cost of Gastrointestinal, Liver, and Pancreatic Diseases in the United States: Update 2018. Gastroenterology. 2019;156(1):254.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"12","key":"1405_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-019-0189-8","volume":"16","author":"N Keum","year":"2019","unstructured":"Keum N, Giovannucci E. Global burden of colorectal cancer: emerging trends, risk factors and prevention strategies. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019;16(12):713\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41575-019-0189-8.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"12","key":"1405_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3407","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.113.002703","volume":"44","author":"JP Mathew","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mathew JP, White WD, Schinderle DB, Podgoreanu MV, Berger M, Milano CA, et al. Intraoperative magnesium administration does not improve neurocognitive function after cardiac surgery. Stroke. 2013;44(12):3407\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/STROKEAHA.113.002703.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"6","key":"1405_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200102083440601","volume":"344","author":"MF Newman","year":"2001","unstructured":"Newman MF, Kirchner JL, Phillips-Bute B, Gaver V, Grocott H, Jones RH, et al. longitudinal assessment of neurocognitive function after coronary-artery bypass surgery. N Engl J Med. 2001;344(6):395\u2013402. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJM200102083440601.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"1405_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1097\/ANA.0b013e3182712fba","volume":"25","author":"MTV Chan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chan MTV, Cheng BCP, Lee TMC, Gin T, Grp CT. BIS-guided anesthesia decreases postoperative delirium and cognitive decline. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol. 2013;25(1):33\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ANA.0b013e3182712fba.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Anesthesiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1405_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aan.2010.09.003","volume":"28","author":"TL Tsai","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tsai TL, Sands LP, Leung JM. An update on postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Adv Anesth. 2010;28(1):269\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aan.2010.09.003.","journal-title":"Adv Anesth"},{"issue":"1","key":"1405_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1097\/01.JGP.0000229792.31009.da","volume":"15","author":"Y Wang","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wang Y, Sands LP, Vaurio L, Mullen EA, Leung JM. The effects of postoperative pain and its management on postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Am J Geriatr Psychiatr. 2007;15(1):50\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.JGP.0000229792.31009.da.","journal-title":"Am J Geriatr Psychiatr"},{"issue":"4","key":"1405_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000001900","volume":"265","author":"HO Brien","year":"2017","unstructured":"Brien HO, Mohan H, Hare CO, Reynolds JV, Kenny RA. Mind over matter? The hidden epidemic of cognitive dysfunction in the older surgical patient. Ann Surg. 2017;265(4):677\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/SLA.0000000000001900.","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"1405_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2018.10.012","volume":"357","author":"B Gao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gao B, Zhu B, Wu C. Preoperative serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D level, a risk factor for postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly subjects undergoing Total joint Arthroplasty. Am J Med Sci. 2019;357(1):37\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjms.2018.10.012.","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"1405_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-018-0676-4","volume":"19","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Bao HG, Lv YL, Si YN, Han L, Wang HY, et al. Risk factors for early postoperative cognitive dysfunction after colorectal surgery. BMC Anesthesiol. 2019;19(1):6. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12871-018-0676-4.","journal-title":"BMC Anesthesiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1405_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.08.095","volume":"59","author":"HJ Halazun","year":"2014","unstructured":"Halazun HJ, Mergeche JL, Mallon KA, Connolly ES, Heyer EJ. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio as a predictor of cognitive dysfunction in carotid endarterectomy patients. J Vasc Surg. 2014;59(3):768\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.08.095.","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"10","key":"1405_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.14016","volume":"20","author":"R Yong","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yong R, Meng Y. Preoperative neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, an independent risk factor for postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients with gastric cancer. Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2020;20(10):927\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ggi.14016.","journal-title":"Geriatr Gerontol Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"1405_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1586\/erc.12.159","volume":"11","author":"T Bhat","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bhat T, Teli S, Rijal J, Bhat H, Raza M, Khoueiry G, et al. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and cardiovascular diseases: a review. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther. 2013;11(1):55\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1586\/erc.12.159.","journal-title":"Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"1405_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1159\/000341583","volume":"34","author":"ME Kuyumcu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kuyumcu ME, Yesil Y, Ozt\u00fcrk ZA, Kizilarslano\u011flu C, Etg\u00fcl S, Halil M, et al. The evaluation of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2012;34(2):69\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000341583.","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord"},{"issue":"5","key":"1405_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2007.06.043","volume":"154","author":"PH Gibson","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gibson PH, Croal BL, Cuthbertson BH, Small GR, Ifezulike AI, Gibson G, et al. Preoperative neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and outcome from coronary artery bypass grafting. Am Heart J. 2007;154(5):995\u20131002. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ahj.2007.06.043.","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"issue":"3","key":"1405_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.20329","volume":"91","author":"SR Walsh","year":"2005","unstructured":"Walsh SR, Cook EJ, Goulder F, Justin TA, Keeling NJ. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio as a prognostic factor in colorectal cancer. J Surg Oncol. 2005;91(3):181\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jso.20329.","journal-title":"J Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1405_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2008.05.046","volume":"137","author":"K Sarraf","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sarraf K, Belcher E, Raevsky E, Nicholson A, Goldstraw P, Lim E. Neutrophil\/lymphocyte ratio and its association with survival after complete resection in non-small cell lung cancer. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2009;137(2):425\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2008.05.046.","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"1405_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e318195b569","volume":"110","author":"J Steinmetz","year":"2009","unstructured":"Steinmetz J, Christensen KB, Lund T, Lohse N, Rasmussen LS, Grp I. Long-term consequences of postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Anesthesiology. 2009;110(3):548\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ALN.0b013e318195b569.","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"9106","key":"1405_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)07382-0","volume":"351","author":"JT Moller","year":"1998","unstructured":"Moller JT, Cluitmans P, Rasmussen LS, Houx P, Rasmussen H, Canet J, et al. Long-term postoperative cognitive dysfunction in the elderly ISPOCD1 study. ISPOCD investigators. International Study of Post-Operative Cognitive Dysfunction. Lancet (London, England). 1998;351(9106):857\u201361.","journal-title":"Lancet (London, England)"},{"issue":"2","key":"1405_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000000958","volume":"124","author":"MS Avidan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Avidan MS, Evers AS. The fallacy of persistent postoperative cognitive decline. Anesthesiology. 2016;124(2):255\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ALN.0000000000000958.","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"1405_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.7326\/M14-2793","volume":"163","author":"HA Fink","year":"2015","unstructured":"Fink HA, Hemmy LS, MacDonald R, Carlyle MH, Olson CM, Dysken MW, et al. Intermediate- and Long-Term Cognitive Outcomes After Cardiovascular Procedures in Older Adults A Systematic Review. Ann Intern Med. 2015;163(2):107.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"1405_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2012.06.002","volume":"36","author":"F Cormack","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cormack F, Shipolini A, Awad WI, Richardson C, McCormack DJ, Colleoni L, et al. A meta-analysis of cognitive outcome following coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2012;36(9):2118\u201329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2012.06.002.","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"1405_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2318-11-83","volume":"11","author":"DP Seitz","year":"2011","unstructured":"Seitz DP, Shah PS, Herrmann N, Beyene J, Siddiqui N. Exposure to general anesthesia and risk of alzheimer's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Geriatr. 2011;11(1):83. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2318-11-83.","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"}],"container-title":["BMC Anesthesiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12871-021-01405-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12871-021-01405-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12871-021-01405-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,19]],"date-time":"2021-07-19T03:03:02Z","timestamp":1626663782000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcanesthesiol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12871-021-01405-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,19]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1405"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12871-021-01405-7","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-244830\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1471-2253"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2253","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"16 February 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 June 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 July 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The present study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Third Xiangya Hospital (ID:21011). All methods were performed in accordance with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Because of retrospective study, informed consent was waived by the Ethics Committee of the Third Xiangya Hospital.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"193"}}