{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T03:30:29Z","timestamp":1786591829625,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,4]],"date-time":"2021-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628035200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,4]],"date-time":"2021-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628035200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Anesthesiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>A few studies have reported that administration of lidocaine and dexmedetomidine relieves the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). We explored whether combined infusion of lidocaine plus dexmedetomidine had lower occurrence of PONV undergoing laparoscopic hysterectomy with general anesthesia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 248 women undergoing elective laparoscopic hysterectomy were allocated into the following four groups: the control group (group C,<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200962) received an equal volume of saline, the lidocaine group (group L,<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200962) received intravenous lidocaine (bolus infusion of 1.5\u00a0mg\/kg over 10\u00a0min, 1.5\u00a0mg\/kg\/h continuous infusion), the dexmedetomidine group (group D,<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200962) received dexmedetomidine administration (bolus infusion of 0.5\u00a0\u00b5g\/kg over 10\u00a0min, 0.4\u00a0\u00b5g\/kg\/h continuous infusion), and the lidocaine plus dexmedetomidine group (group LD,<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200962) received combination of lidocaine (bolus infusion of 1.5\u00a0mg\/kg over 10\u00a0min, 1.5\u00a0mg\/kg\/h continuous infusion) and dexmedetomidine administration (bolus infusion of 0.5\u00a0\u00b5g\/kg over 10\u00a0min, 0.4\u00a0\u00b5g\/kg\/h continuous infusion). The primary outcome was the incidence of nausea, vomiting, and PONV during the first 48\u00a0h after surgery. The secondary outcomes included the incidence of total 24\u00a0h PONV after surgery, intraoperative remifentanil requirement, postoperative pain visual analogue scale (VAS) scores and fentanyl consumption, the incidence of bradycardia, agitation, shivering, and mouth dry during post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) stay period.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The occurrence of nausea and PONV in group LD (5.0 and 8.3%) at 0\u20132\u00a0h after operation was lower than group C (21.7 and 28.3%) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). There was no statistically significant difference with respect to occurrence of nausea and PONV in groups L (13.3 and 20.0%) and D (8.3 and 13.3%) at 0\u20132\u00a0h after operation compared to group C (21.7 and 28.3%). The incidence of nausea, vomiting, and PONV at 2\u201324 and 24\u201348\u00a0h after surgery in all four groups was not statistically significant. The incidence of total 24\u00a0h PONV in group LD (33.3%) was significantly decreased compared to group C (60.0%) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). The cumulative consumption of fentanyl at 6 and 12\u00a0h after surgery was significantly reduced in group LD compared to other three groups (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). The pain VAS scores were significantly decreased at 2, 6, and 12\u00a0h after operation in group LD compared to other three groups (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Remifentanil dose in the intraoperative period was significantly lower in groups LD and D compared with groups C and L (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). The number of mouth dry, bradycardia, and over sedation during the PACU stay period was markedly increased in group LD (28.3, 30.0, and 35.0%, respectively) compared with groups C (1.7, 1.7, and 3.3%, respectively) and L (3.3, 5.0, and 6.7%, respectively) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Lidocaine combined with dexmedetomidine infusion markedly decreased the occurrence of nausea and PONV at 0\u20132\u00a0h as well as the total 24\u00a0h PONV. However, it significantly increased the incidence of mouth dry, bradycardia, and over sedation during the PACU stay period after laparoscopic hysterectomy with general anesthesia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title><jats:p>ClinicalTrials.gov (<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT03809923\">NCT03809923<\/jats:ext-link>), registered on January 18, 2019.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-021-01420-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,4]],"date-time":"2021-08-04T07:02:52Z","timestamp":1628060572000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Effects of lidocaine, dexmedetomidine, and their combination infusion on postoperative nausea and vomiting following laparoscopic hysterectomy: a randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Siqi","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengbin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shenghong","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xia","family":"Ju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanhai","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"1420_CR1","first-page":"CD003677","volume":"8","author":"JW Aarts","year":"2015","unstructured":"Aarts JW, Nieboer TE, Johnson N, et al. 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Written informed consent was obtained from each participant.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"199"}}