{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T22:33:13Z","timestamp":1785364393013,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,17]],"date-time":"2021-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629158400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,17]],"date-time":"2021-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629158400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Anesthesiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Residual neuromuscular block at the end of surgery may compromise the patient\u2019s safety. The risk of airway complications can be minimized through monitoring of neuromuscular function and reversal of neuromuscular block if needed. Effective reversal can be achieved with selective relaxant binding agents, however, sugammadex is the only clinically approved drug in this group.<\/jats:p>\n                <jats:p>We investigated the concentration\u2013response properties of a novel selective relaxant binding agent, carboxymethyl-\u03b3-cyclodextrin for the reversal of neuromuscular block. We evaluated the hypothesis that it is equally potent for reversing neuromuscular block as sugammadex.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Phrenic nerve \u2013 hemidiaphragm tissue preparations were isolated from male Wistar rats and suspended in a tissue holder allowing electrical stimulation of the nerve and monitoring of muscle contraction force. Concentration\u2013response relationships were constructed for the neuromuscular blocking agents rocuronium, pipecuronium, and vecuronium. The half-effective concentrations of sugammadex and carboxymethyl-\u03b3-cyclodextrin for reversal of neuromuscular block were determined.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The half effective concentrations (95% confidence interval, CI) were 7.50 (6.93\u20138.12) \u03bcM for rocuronium, 1.38 (1.33\u20131.42) \u03bcM for pipecuronium, and 3.69 (3.59\u20133.80) \u03bcM for vecuronium. The half effective concentrations (95% CI) of carboxymethyl-\u03b3-cyclodextrin and sugammadex were 35.89 (32.67\u201339.41) \u03bcM and 3.67 (3.43\u20133.92) \u03bcM, respectively, for the reversal of rocuronium-induced block; 10.14 (9.61\u201310.70) \u03bcM and 0.67 (0.62\u20130.74) \u03bcM, respectively, for the reversal of pipecuronium-induced block; and 376.1 (341.9\u2013413.8) \u03bcM and 1.45 (1.35\u20131.56) \u03bcM, respectively, for the reversal of vecuronium-induced block.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Carboxymethyl-\u03b3-cyclodextrin is an effective, but less potent agent for reversal of neuromuscular block than sugammadex.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-021-01424-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,17]],"date-time":"2021-08-17T06:02:54Z","timestamp":1629180174000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Carboxymethyl-\u03b3-cyclodextrin, a novel selective relaxant binding agent for the reversal of neuromuscular block induced by aminosteroid neuromuscular blockers: an ex vivo laboratory study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"\u00c1kos I.","family":"F\u00e1bi\u00e1n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ed\u00f6m\u00e9r","family":"Tassonyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vera","family":"Csernoch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marianna","family":"Fedor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tam\u00e1s","family":"Sohajda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lajos","family":"Szente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B\u00e9la","family":"F\u00fclesdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"1424_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199005000-00005","volume":"72","author":"J Engbaek","year":"1990","unstructured":"Engbaek J, Ostergaard D, Skovgaard LT, Viby-Mogensen J. 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For the remaining authors, none were declared.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"206"}}