{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T02:05:49Z","timestamp":1780452349344,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,6]],"date-time":"2023-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675641600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,6]],"date-time":"2023-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675641600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Anesthesiol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Erector spinae plane block (ESPB) is a thoracic wall block that has been used frequently in recent years. It was aimed to compare the analgesic efficacy of bupivacaine in different volumes for ESPB in patients undergoing thoracotomy.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Patients who were in the age range of 18 to 65\u00a0years, ASA I\u2013III, had a body mass index (BMI) of 18\u201330\u00a0kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> and were undergoing thoracotomy were included in the study. Patients were assigned to ESPB with 30\u00a0ml 0.25% bupivacaine (Group-1) or ESPB with 20\u00a0ml 0.25% bupivacaine (Group-2) groups according to the analgesia protocol. In the postoperative care unit, intravenous morphine was administered via a patient-controlled analgesia pump for 24\u00a0h. A paracetamol dose of 1\u00a0g every 8\u00a0h and a dexketoprofen dose of 50\u00a0mg twice daily were administered iv for multimodal analgesia.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Visual analog scale (VAS) resting scores, the 1<jats:sup>st<\/jats:sup> (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001), 2<jats:sup>nd<\/jats:sup> (&lt;\u20090.001), 4<jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup> (&lt;\u20090.001), 8<jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup> (&lt;\u20090.001), 16<jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup> (&lt;\u20090.010), 24<jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup> (&lt;\u20090.044), and 48<jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup> (&lt;\u20090.005)-hour VAS resting results were found to be statistically significantly higher in the 20\u00a0ml group than the 30\u00a0ml group. VAS cough scores were statistically significantly higher in the 20\u00a0ml group at the 1<jats:sup>st<\/jats:sup> (&lt;\u20090.003), 2<jats:sup>nd<\/jats:sup> (&lt;\u20090.001), 4<jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup> (&lt;\u20090.001), 8<jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup> (&lt;\u20090.001), 16<jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup> (&lt;\u20090.004), 24<jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup> (&lt;\u20090.031), and 48<jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup> (&lt;\u20090.009)-hour. Morphine consumption, and additional analgesic use were found to be statistically significantly higher in the 20\u00a0ml group than in the 30\u00a0ml group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of side effects (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The results of ESPB applied with 20\u00a0ml and 30\u00a0ml of local anesthetic before the surgical incision in thoracotomy patients showed that the use of 30\u00a0ml of local anesthetic provided more effective analgesia. In addition, similar side-effect rates show that 30\u00a0ml of local anesthetic can be used safely.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-023-02004-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,6]],"date-time":"2023-02-06T08:03:31Z","timestamp":1675670611000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Comparison of analgesic efficacy of different local anesthetic volumes for erector spinae plane block in thoracotomy patients; a prospective randomized trial"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2249-6521","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Musa","family":"Zengin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1124-7861","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hilal","family":"Sazak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3661-4277","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ramazan","family":"Baldemir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1926-4770","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gulay","family":"Ulger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2564-4542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dilara","family":"Arican","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7550-6730","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oya","family":"Kaybal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7538-2213","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali","family":"Alagoz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"50","key":"2004_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e28010","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000028010.","volume":"100","author":"M Zengin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zengin M, Ulger G, Baldemir R, Sazak H, Alagoz A. Is there a relationship between body mass index and postoperative pain scores in thoracotomy patients with thoracic epidural analgesia? Medicine (Baltimore). 2021;100(50):e28010. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MD.0000000000028010. (PMID: 34918653; PMCID: PMC8677892).","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)."},{"issue":"1","key":"2004_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s00540-020-02848-x","volume":"35","author":"L Liu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liu L, Ni XX, Zhang LW, Zhao K, Xie H, Zhu J. Effects of ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block on postoperative analgesia and plasma cytokine levels after uniportal VATS: a prospective randomized controlled trial. J Anesth. 2021;35(1):3\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00540-020-02848-x. (Epub 2020 Sep 4 PMID: 32886200).","journal-title":"J Anesth"},{"issue":"3","key":"2004_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.14744\/scie.2021.68926","volume":"32","author":"O Bukagikiran","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bukagikiran O, Kuzucuoglu T, Yuce Y, Geyik FD, Cevik B. The Effects of Ultrasound Guided Erector Spinae Plane Block On Postoperative Analgesia in Elective Thoracic Surgery. South Clin Ist Euras. 2021;32(3):316\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14744\/scie.2021.68926.","journal-title":"South Clin Ist Euras"},{"issue":"1","key":"2004_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-021-01536-x.PMID:34893026;PMCID:PMC8662884","volume":"21","author":"S Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang S, Han X, Zhou D, Sun M, Cang J, Miao C, et al. The effects of erector spinae plane block on perioperative opioid consumption and rehabilitation in video assisted thoracic surgery. BMC Anesthesiol. 2021;21(1):313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12871-021-01536-x.PMID:34893026;PMCID:PMC8662884.","journal-title":"BMC Anesthesiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2004_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1097\/EJA.0000000000000366","volume":"33","author":"N Rawal","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rawal N. Current issues in postoperative pain management. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2016;33(3):160\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/EJA.0000000000000366. (PMID: 26509324).","journal-title":"Eur J Anaesthesiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"2004_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e18982","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.18982","volume":"13","author":"M Zengin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zengin M, Alagoz A. Comparison of Thoracic Epidural Analgesia and Thoracic Paravertebral Block Applications in the Treatment of Acute Pain After Thoracotomy in Geriatric Patients. Cureus. 2021;13(10):e18982. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.18982. (PMID: 34820237; PMCID: PMC8606221).","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"4","key":"2004_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1007\/s00540-017-2364-9","volume":"31","author":"K \u00d6kmen","year":"2017","unstructured":"\u00d6kmen K, \u00d6kmen BM. The efficacy of serratus anterior plane block in analgesia for thoracotomy: a retrospective study. J Anesth. 2017;31(4):579\u201385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00540-017-2364-9. (Epub 2017 Apr 26PMID: 28447227).","journal-title":"J Anesth"},{"issue":"3","key":"2004_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1097\/AAP.0b013e31825735c6","volume":"37","author":"N Rawal","year":"2012","unstructured":"Rawal N. Epidural technique for postoperative pain: gold standard no more? Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2012;37(3):310\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/AAP.0b013e31825735c6. (PMID: 22531384).","journal-title":"Reg Anesth Pain Med"},{"key":"2004_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.14744\/agri.202143827","volume":"33","author":"SK Co\u015farcan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Co\u015farcan SK, Manici M, Y\u00f6r\u00fcko\u011flu HU, G\u00fcrkan Y. Ultrasound guided thoracic wall blocks. Agri. 2021;33:205\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14744\/agri.202143827.","journal-title":"Agri"},{"issue":"5","key":"2004_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1097\/AAP.0000000000000451","volume":"41","author":"M Forero","year":"2016","unstructured":"Forero M, Adhikary SD, Lopez H, Tsui C, Chin KJ. The erector spinae plane block: a novel analgesic technique in thoracic neuropathic pain. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2016;41(5):621\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/AAP.0000000000000451. (PMID: 27501016).","journal-title":"Reg Anesth Pain Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"2004_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2597","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S182128.PMID:31695476;PMCID:PMC6717717","volume":"27","author":"S Tulgar","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tulgar S, Ahiskalioglu A, De Cassai A, Gurkan Y. Efficacy of bilateral erector spinae plane block in the management of pain: current insights. J Pain Res. 2019;27(12):2597\u2013613. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/JPR.S182128.PMID:31695476;PMCID:PMC6717717.","journal-title":"J Pain Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"2004_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2920","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2020.11.034","volume":"35","author":"\u00d6 Turhan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Turhan \u00d6, Sivrikoz N, Sungur Z, Duman S, \u00d6zkan B, \u015eent\u00fcrk M. Thoracic paravertebral block achieves better pain control than erector spinae plane block and intercostal nerve block in thoracoscopic surgery: a randomized study. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2021;35(10):2920\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.jvca.2020.11.034. (Epub 2020 Nov 20 PMID: 33358107).","journal-title":"J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth"},{"issue":"3","key":"2004_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2015.07.029","volume":"30","author":"D Rodriguez-Aldrete","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rodriguez-Aldrete D, Candiotti KA, Janakiraman R, Rodriguez-Blanco YF. Trends and new evidence in the management of acute and chronic post-thoracotomy pain-an overview of the literature from 2005 to 2015. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2016;30(3):762\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.jvca.2015.07.029. (Epub 2015 Jul 29 PMID: 26597765).","journal-title":"J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth"},{"issue":"8","key":"2004_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.21037\/atm.2019.03.53.PMID:31168455;PMCID:PMC6526263","volume":"7","author":"B Fang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fang B, Wang Z, Huang X. Ultrasound-guided preoperative single-dose erector spinae plane block provides comparable analgesia to thoracic paravertebral block following thoracotomy: a single center randomized controlled double-blind study. Ann Transl Med. 2019;7(8):174. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21037\/atm.2019.03.53.PMID:31168455;PMCID:PMC6526263.","journal-title":"Ann Transl Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"2004_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.29271\/jcpsp.2019.12.1138","volume":"29","author":"Q Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang Q, Zhang G, Wei S, He Z, Sun L, Zheng H. Comparison of the effects of ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block and wound infiltration on perioperative opioid consumption and postoperative pain in thoracotomy. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2019;29(12):1138\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.29271\/jcpsp.2019.12.1138. (PMID: 31839083).","journal-title":"J Coll Physicians Surg Pak"},{"key":"2004_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinane.2018.05.003","volume":"48","author":"A De Cassai","year":"2018","unstructured":"De Cassai A, Tonetti T. Local anesthetic spread during erector spinae plane block. J Clin Anesth. 2018;48:60\u20131. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jclinane.2018.05.003. (Epub 2018 May 10 PMID: 29753992).","journal-title":"J Clin Anesth"},{"issue":"2","key":"2004_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2019.04.026","volume":"34","author":"B Ciftci","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ciftci B, Ekinci M, Celik EC, Tukac IC, Bayrak Y, Atalay YO. Efficacy of an Ultrasound-Guided Erector Spinae Plane Block for Postoperative Analgesia Management After Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery: A Prospective Randomized Study. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2020;34(2):444\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.jvca.2019.04.026. (Epub 2019 Apr 30 PMID: 31122843).","journal-title":"J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth"},{"issue":"1","key":"2004_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0000000000000992.PMID:34636753;PMCID:PMC8635250","volume":"38","author":"Q Wang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang Q, Li H, Wei S, Zhang G, Ni C, Sun L, et al. Dexmedetomidine Added to Ropivacaine for Ultrasound-guided Erector Spinae Plane Block Prolongs Analgesia Duration and Reduces Perioperative Opioid Consumption After Thoracotomy: A Randomized. Controlled Clinical Study Clin J Pain. 2021;38(1):8\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/AJP.0000000000000992.PMID:34636753;PMCID:PMC8635250.","journal-title":"Controlled Clinical Study Clin J Pain"},{"issue":"1","key":"2004_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1007\/s00540-020-02881-w","volume":"35","author":"D Bonvicini","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bonvicini D, Boscolo-Berto R, De Cassai A, Negrello M, Macchi V, Tiberio I, et al. Anatomical basis of erector spinae plane block: a dissection and histotopographic pilot study. J Anesth. 2021;35(1):102\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00540-020-02881-w. (Epub 2020 Dec 19. PMID: 33340344; PMCID: PMC7840626).","journal-title":"J Anesth"},{"issue":"4","key":"2004_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1097\/AAP.0000000000000750","volume":"43","author":"H Elsharkawy","year":"2018","unstructured":"Elsharkawy H, Pawa A, Mariano ER. Interfascial Plane Blocks: Back to Basics. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2018;43(4):341\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/AAP.0000000000000750. (PMID: 29561295).","journal-title":"Reg Anesth Pain Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"2004_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000005321","volume":"132","author":"ND Black","year":"2021","unstructured":"Black ND, Stecco C, Chan VWS. Fascial Plane Blocks: More Questions Than Answers? Anesth Analg. 2021;132(3):899\u2013905. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1213\/ANE.0000000000005321. (PMID: 33346985).","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"5","key":"2004_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-012-1058-0","volume":"35","author":"C Stecco","year":"2013","unstructured":"Stecco C, Tiengo C, Stecco A, Porzionato A, Macchi V, Stern R, et al. Fascia redefined: anatomical features and technical relevance in fascial flap surgery. Surg Radiol Anat. 2013;35(5):369\u201376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00276-012-1058-0. (Epub 2012 Dec 25 PMID: 23266871).","journal-title":"Surg Radiol Anat"},{"issue":"11","key":"2004_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.2147\/LRA.S154512.PMID:30122981;PMCID:PMC6087022","volume":"8","author":"K El-Boghdadly","year":"2018","unstructured":"El-Boghdadly K, Pawa A, Chin KJ. Local anesthetic systemic toxicity: current perspectives. Local Reg Anesth. 2018;8(11):35\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/LRA.S154512.PMID:30122981;PMCID:PMC6087022.","journal-title":"Local Reg Anesth"},{"issue":"5","key":"2004_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.13414","volume":"71","author":"R Yasumura","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yasumura R, Kobayashi Y, Ochiai R. A comparison of plasma levobupivacaine concentrations following transversus abdominis plane block and rectus sheath block. Anaesthesia. 2016;71(5):544\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/anae.13414. (Epub 2016 Mar 4 PMID: 26945692).","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"2004_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinane.2018.10.024","volume":"54","author":"J Raft","year":"2019","unstructured":"Raft J, Chin KJ, Belanger ME, Clairoux A, Richeb\u00e9 P, Brulotte V. Continuous Erector Spinae Plane Block for thoracotomy analgesia after epidural failure. J Clin Anesth. 2019;54:132\u20133.","journal-title":"J Clin Anesth"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-023-02031-1","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,7]],"date-time":"2023-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678147200000}}],"container-title":["BMC Anesthesiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12871-023-02004-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12871-023-02004-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12871-023-02004-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,7]],"date-time":"2023-03-07T06:02:39Z","timestamp":1678168959000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcanesthesiol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12871-023-02004-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,6]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2004"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12871-023-02004-4","relation":{"correction":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1186\/s12871-023-02031-1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1471-2253"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2253","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 December 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 February 2023","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 February 2023","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 March 2023","order":4,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Correction","order":5,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"A Correction to this paper has been published:","order":6,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12871-023-02031-1","URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12871-023-02031-1","order":7,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The randomized and prospective trial was conducted after obtaining approval from the Ankara City Hospital Ethical Committee (ID: E.Kurul-E1-21\u20131964, Date: 25\/08\/2021). The trial was registered on  () under the identifier NCT05083845 on 19\/10\/2021 (principal investigator: Musa Zengin, MD).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"42"}}