{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T11:31:15Z","timestamp":1783423875746,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,12]],"date-time":"2024-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705017600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,12]],"date-time":"2024-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705017600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Xiamen changgung hospital project","award":["CMRPG1G0041"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMRPG1G0041"]}]},{"name":"Xiamen changgung hospital project","award":["CMRPG1G0041"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMRPG1G0041"]}]},{"name":"Xiamen changgung hospital project","award":["CMRPG1G0041"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMRPG1G0041"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Anesthesiol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cleft palate repair surgery may result in severe pain in the immediate postoperative period. The aim of this study is to compare the effects of different doses of nalbuphine for postoperative analgesia in children with cleft palate.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>From November 2019 to June 2021, 90 children (45 males and 45 females, age 9\u201320\u00a0months old, ASA class I\u2014II) were selected for palatoplasty. They were randomly divided into three groups: the control group (Group C), the N1 group (postoperative analgesia with 0.05\u00a0mg\/kg\/h nalbuphine) and the N2 group (postoperative analgesia with 0.075\u00a0mg\/kg\/h nalbuphine). Each group had 30 cases. Nalbuphine was not continuously infused in Group C but was continuously infused in Groups N1 and N2 at rates of 0.05\u00a0mg\/kg\/h and 0.075\u00a0mg\/kg\/h, respectively, for 24\u00a0h for postoperative analgesia. The FLACC analgesia score and Ramsay Sedation score were recorded at 10\u00a0min (T1), 30\u00a0min (T2), 2\u00a0h (T3), 12\u00a0h (T4) and 24\u00a0h (T5) after the operation. Adverse reactions such as nausea, vomiting and respiratory depression were observed and recorded.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Compared with those in Group C, the FLACC scores in the N1 and N2 groups decreased significantly at T1-T5 (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05); the Ramsay Sedation score in the N1 group was significantly higher at T3 and T4 (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05), and that in the N2 group was significantly higher at T1-T5 (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Compared with that in the N1 group, the FLACC score in the N2 group was not significantly different, and the Ramsay Sedation score increased significantly at T5 (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using 0.05\u00a0mg\/kg\/h Nalbuphine continuously for 24\u00a0h for postoperative analgesia in children with cleft palate has a better effect and fewer adverse reactions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study was registered at ChiCTR1900027385 (11\/11\/2019).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-024-02404-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,12]],"date-time":"2024-01-12T02:02:35Z","timestamp":1705024955000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Effect of two different doses of nalbuphine for postoperative analgesia in children with cleft palate: a randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Zhan-ming","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bao-hua","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liang-shan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"2404_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjae.2021.06.002","volume":"21","author":"S Denning","year":"2021","unstructured":"Denning S, Ng E, Wong Riff KWY. 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All the patients\u2019 parents provided informed consent before enrollment. This study adhered to the CONSORT guidelines, and all method were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations of Declaration of Helsinski.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"22"}}