{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,3]],"date-time":"2025-04-03T13:23:20Z","timestamp":1743686600904},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,2]],"date-time":"2024-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709337600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,2]],"date-time":"2024-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709337600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Anesthesiol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Tracking preload dependency non-invasively to maintain adequate tissue perfusion in the perioperative period can be challenging.The effect of phenylephrine on stroke volume is dependent upon preload. Changes in stroke volume induced by phenylephrine administration can be used to predict preload dependency. The change in the peripheral perfusion index derived from photoplethysmography signals reportedly corresponds with changes in stroke volume in situations such as body position changes in the operating room. Thus, the peripheral perfusion index can be used as a non-invasive potential alternative to stroke volume to predict preload dependency. Herein, we aimed to determine whether changes in perfusion index induced by the administration of phenylephrine could be used to predict preload dependency.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We conducted a prospective single-centre observational study. The haemodynamic parameters and perfusion index were recorded before and 1 and 2\u00a0min after administering 0.1\u00a0mg of phenylephrine during post-induction hypotension in patients scheduled to undergo surgery. Preload dependency was defined as a stroke volume variation of \u2265\u200912% before phenylephrine administration at a mean arterial pressure of &lt;\u200965 mmHg. Patients were divided into four groups according to total peripheral resistance and preload dependency.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Forty-two patients were included in this study. The stroke volume in patients with preload dependency (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200923) increased after phenylephrine administration. However, phenylephrine administration did not impact the stroke volume in patients without preload dependency (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200919). The perfusion index decreased regardless of preload dependency. The changes in the perfusion index after phenylephrine administration exhibited low accuracy for predicting preload dependency. Based on subgroup analysis, patients with high total peripheral resistance tended to exhibit increased stroke volume following phenylephrine administration, which was particularly prominent in patients with high total peripheral resistance and preload dependency.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The findings of the current study revealed that changes in the perfusion index induced by administering 0.1\u00a0mg of phenylephrine could not predict preload dependency. This may be attributed to the different phenylephrine-induced stroke volume patterns observed in patients according to the degree of total peripheral resistance and preload dependency.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>University Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN000049994 on 9\/01\/2023).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-024-02478-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,2]],"date-time":"2024-03-02T06:01:21Z","timestamp":1709359281000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Prediction of preload dependency using phenylephrine-induced peripheral perfusion index during general anaesthesia: a prospective observational study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Yusuke","family":"Iizuka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Koichi","family":"Yoshinaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shizuka","family":"Amitani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seiya","family":"Nishiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kentaro","family":"Fukano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keika","family":"Miyazawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Asuka","family":"Kitajima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ikumi","family":"Sawada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuji","family":"Otsuka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masamitsu","family":"Sanui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2478_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/s13741-015-0014-z","volume":"4","author":"LH Navarro","year":"2015","unstructured":"Navarro LH, Bloomstone JA, Auler JO Jr, Cannesson M, Rocca GD, Gan TJ, et al. Perioperative fluid therapy: a statement from the international fluid optimization group. Perioper Med (Lond). 2015;4:3.","journal-title":"Perioper Med (Lond)"},{"key":"2478_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1186\/s13613-016-0216-7","volume":"6","author":"X Monnet","year":"2016","unstructured":"Monnet X, Marik PE, Teboul JL. Prediction of fluid responsiveness: an update. Ann Intensive Care. 2016;6:111.","journal-title":"Ann Intensive Care"},{"key":"2478_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000003408","volume":"133","author":"A Perel","year":"2020","unstructured":"Perel A. Using dynamic variables to guide perioperative fluid management. Anesthesiology. 2020;133:929\u201335.","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"2478_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100964","DOI":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2021.100964","volume":"40","author":"M Coutrot","year":"2021","unstructured":"Coutrot M, Dudoignon E, Joachim J, Gayat E, Vall\u00e9e F, D\u00e9pret F. Perfusion index: physical principles, physiological meanings and clinical implications in anaesthesia and critical care. Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med. 2021;40:100964.","journal-title":"Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med"},{"key":"2478_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1007\/s10877-019-00420-x","volume":"34","author":"J H\u00f8jlund","year":"2020","unstructured":"H\u00f8jlund J, Agerskov M, Clemmesen CG, Hvolris LE, Foss NB. The peripheral perfusion index tracks systemic haemodynamics during general anaesthesia. J Clin Monit Comput. 2020;34:1177\u201384.","journal-title":"J Clin Monit Comput"},{"key":"2478_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-019-2306-z","volume":"23","author":"A Beurton","year":"2019","unstructured":"Beurton A, Teboul JL, Gavelli F, Gonzalez FA, Girotto V, Galarza L, et al. The effects of passive leg raising may be detected by the plethysmographic oxygen saturation signal in critically ill patients. Crit Care. 2019;23:19.","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"2478_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-019-0744-4","volume":"19","author":"T Liu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Liu T, Xu C, Wang M, Niu Z, Qi D. Reliability of pleth variability index in predicting preload responsiveness of mechanically ventilated patients under various conditions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Anesthesiol. 2019;19:67.","journal-title":"BMC Anesthesiol"},{"key":"2478_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e3182124c0e","volume":"113","author":"RH Thiele","year":"2011","unstructured":"Thiele RH, Nemergut EC, Lynch C 3rd. The physiologic implications of isolated alpha1 adrenergic stimulation. Anesth Analg. 2011;113:284\u201396.","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"2478_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1097\/EJA.0000000000000470","volume":"33","author":"O Rebet","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rebet O, Andremont O, G\u00e9rard JL, Fellahi JL, Hanouz JL, Fischer MO. Preload dependency determines the effects of phenylephrine on cardiac output in anaesthetised patients: a prospective observational study. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2016;33:638\u201344.","journal-title":"Eur J Anaesthesiol"},{"key":"2478_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e318265ea64","volume":"41","author":"JJ Maas","year":"2013","unstructured":"Maas JJ, Pinsky MR, de Wilde RB, de Jonge E, Jansen JR. Cardiac output response to norepinephrine in postoperative cardiac surgery patients: interpretation with venous return and cardiac function curves. Crit Care Med. 2013;41:143\u201350.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2478_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-147-8-200710160-00010","volume":"147","author":"E Von Elm","year":"2007","unstructured":"Von Elm E, Altman DG, Egger M, Pocock SJ, G\u00f8tzsche PC, Vandenbroucke JP, et al. The strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. Ann Intern Med. 2007;147:573\u20137.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2478_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1301","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200005043421801","volume":"342","author":"RG Brower","year":"2000","unstructured":"Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Network, Brower RG, Matthay MA, Morris A, Schoenfeld D, Thompson BT, et al. Ventilation with lower tidal volumes as compared with traditional tidal volumes for acute lung injury and the acute respiratory distress syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2000;342:1301\u20138.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2478_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3773","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2022.05.026","volume":"36","author":"HM Osman","year":"2022","unstructured":"Osman HM, Nabil F, Anwar M. Does radial artery cannulation affect the perfusion of the dominant hand in adult patients with normal modified Allen\u2019s test undergoing cardiac surgeries? Data derived from the peripheral perfusion index. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2022;36:3773\u20139.","journal-title":"J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth"},{"key":"2478_CR14","first-page":"e24853","volume":"14","author":"SM Swain","year":"2022","unstructured":"Swain SM, Lata M, Kumar S, Mondal S, Behera JK, Mondal H. A cross-sectional study on the agreement of perfusion indexes measured on different fingers by a portable pulse oximeter in healthy adults. Cureus. 2022;14:e24853.","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"2478_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2642","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e3181a590da","volume":"37","author":"PE Marik","year":"2009","unstructured":"Marik PE, Cavallazzi R, Vasu T, Hirani A. Dynamic changes in arterial waveform derived variables and fluid responsiveness in mechanically ventilated patients: a systematic review of the literature. Crit Care Med. 2009;37:2642\u20137.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2478_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2012.244","volume":"48","author":"Y Kanda","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kanda Y. Investigation of the freely available easy-to-use software \u2018EZR\u2019 for medical statistics. Bone Marrow Transpl. 2013;48:452\u20138.","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transpl"},{"key":"2478_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1007\/s10877-021-00653-9","volume":"36","author":"B Saugel","year":"2022","unstructured":"Saugel B, Bebert EJ, Briesenick L, Hoppe P, Greiwe G, Yang D, et al. Mechanisms contributing to hypotension after anesthetic induction with sufentanil, propofol, and rocuronium: a prospective observational study. J Clin Monit Comput. 2022;36:341\u20137.","journal-title":"J Clin Monit Comput"},{"key":"2478_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e318274e151","volume":"116","author":"ME van Genderen","year":"2013","unstructured":"van Genderen ME, Bartels SA, Lima A, Bezemer R, Ince C, Bakker J, et al. Peripheral perfusion index as an early predictor for central hypovolemia in awake healthy volunteers. Anesth Analg. 2013;116:351\u20136.","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"2478_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1210","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-200206000-00006","volume":"30","author":"AP Lima","year":"2002","unstructured":"Lima AP, Beelen P, Bakker J. Use of a peripheral perfusion index derived from the pulse oximetry signal as a noninvasive indicator of perfusion. Crit Care Med. 2002;30:1210\u20133.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2478_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00126.2012","volume":"113","author":"M Cannesson","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cannesson M, Jian Z, Chen G, Vu TQ, Hatib F. Effects of phenylephrine on cardiac output and venous return depend on the position of the heart on the Frank-Starling relationship. J Appl Physiol. 2012;113:281\u20139.","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"2478_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1186\/s13613-022-01009-5","volume":"12","author":"H Yasuda","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yasuda H, Rickard CM, Marsh N, Yamamoto R, Kotani Y, Kishihara Y, et al. Risk factors for peripheral intravascular catheter-related phlebitis in critically ill patients: analysis of 3429 catheters from 23 Japanese intensive care units. Ann Intensive Care. 2022;12:33.","journal-title":"Ann Intensive Care"},{"key":"2478_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1186\/s13613-021-00909-2","volume":"11","author":"X Zhou","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhou X, Pan W, Chen B, Xu Z, Pan J. Predictive performance of dynamic arterial elastance for arterial pressure response to fluid expansion in mechanically ventilated hypotensive adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Ann Intensive Care. 2021;11:119.","journal-title":"Ann Intensive Care"},{"key":"2478_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-023-04706-0","volume":"27","author":"A Messina","year":"2023","unstructured":"Messina A, Caporale M, Calabr\u00f2 L, Lionetti G, Bono D, Matronola GM, et al. Reliability of pulse pressure and stroke volume variation in assessing fluid responsiveness in the operating room: a metanalysis and a metaregression. Crit Care. 2023;27:431.","journal-title":"Crit Care"}],"container-title":["BMC Anesthesiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12871-024-02478-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12871-024-02478-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12871-024-02478-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,2]],"date-time":"2024-03-02T06:01:30Z","timestamp":1709359290000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcanesthesiol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12871-024-02478-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,2]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2478"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12871-024-02478-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2253"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2253","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"30 October 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 February 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 March 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This single-centre prospective study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Jichi Medical University Saitama Medical Center Saitama, Japan (Chairperson Prof. Shinichi Kako) on 4\/01\/2023 (approval number: S22-092). The study was registered in the University Hospital Medical Information Network (registration number: UMIN000049994 on 9\/01\/2023). The requirement for obtaining written informed consent was waived by the Research Ethics Committee of Jichi Medical University Saitama Medical Center owing to the non-invasive nature of the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"88"}}