{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]],"date-time":"2026-03-21T02:56:48Z","timestamp":1774061808557,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,23]],"date-time":"2024-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711152000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,23]],"date-time":"2024-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711152000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Justus-Liebig-Universit\u00e4t Gie\u00dfen"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Anesthesiol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Chronic heart failure (HF) is a common clinical condition associated with adverse outcomes in elderly patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery. This study aimed to estimate a clinically applicable NT-proBNP cut-off that predicts postoperative 30-day morbidity in a non-cardiac surgical cohort.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>One hundred ninety-nine consecutive patients older than 65 years undergoing elective non-cardiac surgery with intermediate or high surgical risk were analysed. Preoperative NT-proBNP was measured, and clinical events were assessed up to postoperative day 30. The primary endpoint was the composite morbidity endpoint (CME) consisting of rehospitalisation, acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF), acute kidney injury (AKI), and infection at postoperative day 30. Secondary endpoints included perioperative fluid balance and incidence, duration, and severity of perioperative hypotension.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>NT-proBNP of 443 pg\/ml had the highest accuracy in predicting the composite endpoint; a clinical cut-off of 450 pg\/ml was implemented to compare clinical endpoints. Although 35.2% of patients had NT-proBNP above the threshold, only 10.6% had a known history of HF. The primary endpoint was the composite morbidity endpoint (CME) consisting of rehospitalisation, acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF), acute kidney injury (AKI), and infection. Event rates were significantly increased in patients with NT-proBNP\u2009&gt;\u2009450 pg\/ml (70.7% vs. 32.4%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), which was due to the incidence of cardiac rehospitalisation (4.4% vs. 0%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.018), ADHF (20.1% vs. 4.0%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), AKI (39.8% vs. 8.3%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and infection (46.3% vs. 24.4%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01). Perioperative fluid balance and perioperative hypotension were comparable between groups. Preoperative NT-proBNP\u2009&gt;\u2009450 pg\/ml was an independent predictor of the CME in a multivariable Cox regression model (hazard ratio 2.92 [1.72\u20134.94]).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Patients with NT-proBNP\u2009&gt;\u2009450 pg\/ml exhibited profoundly increased postoperative morbidity. Further studies should focus on interdisciplinary approaches to improve outcomes through integrated interventions in the perioperative period.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>German Clinical Trials Register: DRKS00027871, 17\/01\/2022<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-024-02488-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,23]],"date-time":"2024-03-23T07:09:26Z","timestamp":1711177766000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Preoperative routine measurement of NT-proBNP predicts postoperative morbidity after non-cardiac surgery with intermediate or high surgical risk: an observational study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"G\u00f6tz","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nora","family":"Frieling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Schneck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marit","family":"Habicher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Koch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kerstin","family":"Rubarth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Felix","family":"Balzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Birgit","family":"A\u00dfmus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Sander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2488_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3599","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab368","volume":"42","author":"TA McDonagh","year":"2021","unstructured":"McDonagh TA, Metra M, Adamo M, Gardner RS, Baumbach A, B\u00f6hm M, et al. 2021 ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J. 2021;42:3599\u2013726. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab368","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2488_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2015.0924","volume":"175","author":"Y Gerber","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gerber Y, Weston SA, Redfield MM, Chamberlain AM, Manemann SM, Jiang R, et al. A contemporary appraisal of the heart failure epidemic in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 2000 to 2010. JAMA Intern Med. 2015;175:996\u20131004. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamainternmed.2015.0924","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"2488_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2476","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.08.074","volume":"70","author":"KS Shah","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shah KS, Xu H, Matsouaka RA, Bhatt DL, Heidenreich PA, Hernandez AF, et al. Heart failure with preserved, Borderline, and reduced ejection fraction: 5-Year outcomes. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017;70:2476\u201386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.08.074","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2488_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1342","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.1858","volume":"22","author":"A Groenewegen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Groenewegen A, Rutten FH, Mosterd A, Hoes AW. Epidemiology of heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail. 2020;22:1342\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ejhf.1858","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2488_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aer268","volume":"107","author":"S Sabat\u00e9","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sabat\u00e9 S, Mases A, Guilera N, Canet J, Castillo J, Orrego C, et al. Incidence and predictors of major perioperative adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events in non-cardiac surgery. Br J Anaesth. 2011;107:879\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bja\/aer268","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"2488_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehac270","author":"S Halvorsen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Halvorsen S, Mehilli J, Cassese S, Hall TS, Abdelhamid M, Barbato E, et al. 2022 ESC guidelines on cardiovascular assessment and management of patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery. Eur Heart J. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehac270","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2488_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1056\/nejmoa031994","volume":"350","author":"TJ Wang","year":"2004","unstructured":"Wang TJ, Larson MG, Levy D, Benjamin EJ, Leip EP, Omland T, et al. Plasma natriuretic peptide levels and the risk of cardiovascular events and death. N Engl J Med. 2004;350:655\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/nejmoa031994","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2488_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.029686","volume":"125","author":"UD Patel","year":"2012","unstructured":"Patel UD, Garg AX, Krumholz HM, Shlipak MG, Coca SG, Sint K, et al. Preoperative serum brain natriuretic peptide and risk of acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery. Circulation. 2012;125:1347\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.029686","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2488_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aer119","volume":"107","author":"CJ Payne","year":"2011","unstructured":"Payne CJ, Gibson SC, Bryce G, Jardine AG, Berry C, Kingsmore DB. B-type natriuretic peptide predicts long-term survival after major non-cardiac surgery. Br J Anaesth. 2011;107:144\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bja\/aer119","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"2488_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2009.181388","volume":"96","author":"JH Choi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Choi JH, Cho DK, Song YB, Hahn JY, Choi S, Gwon HC, et al. Preoperative NT-proBNP and CRP predict perioperative major cardiovascular events in non-cardiac surgery. Heart. 2010;96:56\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/hrt.2009.181388","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"2488_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.7326\/M19-2501","volume":"172","author":"E Duceppe","year":"2020","unstructured":"Duceppe E, Patel A, Chan MTV, Berwanger O, Ackland G, Kavsak PA, et al. Preoperative n-terminal pro-b-type natriuretic peptide and cardiovascular events after noncardiac surgery: a cohort study. Ann Intern Med. 2020;172:96\u2013104. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7326\/M19-2501","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2488_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.08.1630","volume":"63","author":"RN Rodseth","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rodseth RN, Biccard BM, Le Manach Y, Sessler DI, Lurati Buse GA, Thabane L, et al. The prognostic value of pre-operative and post-operative B-type natriuretic peptides in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery: B-type natriuretic peptide and N-terminal fragment of pro-B-type natriuretic peptide: a systema. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;63:170\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.08.1630","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2488_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2016.09.008","volume":"33","author":"E Duceppe","year":"2017","unstructured":"Duceppe E, Parlow J, MacDonald P, Lyons K, McMullen M, Srinathan S, et al. Canadian cardiovascular society guidelines on perioperative cardiac risk assessment and management for patients who undergo noncardiac surgery. Can J Cardiol. 2017;33:17\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cjca.2016.09.008","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol"},{"key":"2488_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.2773","volume":"25","author":"DM Gualandro","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gualandro DM, Puelacher C, Chew MS, Andersson H, Lurati Buse G, Glarner N, et al. Acute heart failure after non-cardiac surgery: incidence, phenotypes, determinants and outcomes. Eur J Heart Fail. 2023;25:347\u201357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ejhf.2773","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2488_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.2812","author":"B Marchandot","year":"2023","unstructured":"Marchandot B, Trimaille A, Morel O. Letter regarding the article \u2018acute heart failure after non-cardiac surgery: incidence, phenotypes, determinants and outcomes\u2019. Eur J Heart Fail. 2023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ejhf.2812","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2488_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-021-01202-2","volume":"14","author":"S Safiri","year":"2021","unstructured":"Safiri S, Kolahi AA, Noori M, Nejadghaderi SA, Karamzad N, Bragazzi NL, et al. Burden of anemia and its underlying causes in 204 countries and territories, 1990\u20132019: results from the global burden of disease study 2019. J Hematol Oncol. 2021;14:1\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13045-021-01202-2","journal-title":"J Hematol Oncol"},{"key":"2488_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000339789","author":"A Khwaja","year":"2012","unstructured":"Khwaja A. KDIGO clinical practice guidelines for acute kidney injury. Nephron - Clin Pract. 2012. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000339789","journal-title":"Nephron - Clin Pract"},{"key":"2488_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Walther CP, Podoll AS, Finkel KW. Summary of clinical practice guidelines for acute kidney injury. Hosp Pract (1995). 2014;42:7\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3810\/hp.2014.02.1086","DOI":"10.3810\/hp.2014.02.1086"},{"key":"2488_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehi631","volume":"27","author":"JL Januzzi","year":"2006","unstructured":"Januzzi JL, Van Kimmenade R, Lainchbury J, Bayes-Genis A, Ordonez-Llanos J, Santalo-Bel M, et al. NT-proBNP testing for diagnosis and short-term prognosis in acute destabilized heart failure: an international pooled analysis of 1256 patients: the international collaborative of NT-proBNP study. Eur Heart J. 2006;27:330\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehi631","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2488_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.1494","volume":"21","author":"C Mueller","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mueller C, McDonald K, de Boer RA, Maisel A, Cleland JGF, Kozhuharov N, et al. Heart failure association of the European Society of Cardiology practical guidance on the use of natriuretic peptide concentrations. Eur J Heart Fail. 2019;21:715\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ejhf.1494","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2488_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1891","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.3036","volume":"25","author":"A Bayes-Genis","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bayes-Genis A, Docherty KF, Petrie MC, Januzzi JL, Mueller C, Anderson L, et al. Practical algorithms for early diagnosis of heart failure and heart stress using NT-proBNP: a clinical consensus statement from the Heart Failure Association of the ESC. Eur J Heart Fail. 2023;25:1891\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ejhf.3036","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2488_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1599","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2009.06.028","volume":"54","author":"G Karthikeyan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Karthikeyan G, Moncur RA, Levine O, Heels-Ansdell D, Chan MTV, Alonso-Coello P, et al. Is a pre-operative brain natriuretic peptide or N-Terminal Pro-B-Type natriuretic peptide measurement an independent predictor of adverse cardiovascular outcomes within 30 days of noncardiac surgery? A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009;54:1599\u2013606. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2009.06.028","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2488_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.4070\/kcj.2011.41.9.505","volume":"41","author":"SJ Park","year":"2011","unstructured":"Park SJ, Choi JH, Cho SJ, Chang SA, Choi JO, Lee SC, et al. Comparison of transthoracic echocardiography with N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide as a tool for risk stratification of patients undergoing major noncardiac surgery. Korean Circ J. 2011;41:505\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4070\/kcj.2011.41.9.505","journal-title":"Korean Circ J"},{"key":"2488_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013139.pub2","author":"LM Vernooij","year":"2021","unstructured":"Vernooij LM, van Klei WA, Moons KGM, Takada T, van Waes J, Damen JAAG. The comparative and added prognostic value of biomarkers to the revised cardiac risk index for preoperative prediction of major adverse cardiac events and all-cause mortality in patients who undergo noncardiac surgery. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD013139.pub2","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"2488_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kopec M, Duma A, Helwani MA, Brown J, Brown F, Gage BF, et al. Improving prediction of postoperative myocardial infarction with high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T and NT-proBNP. Anesth Analg. 2017:398\u2013405. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1213\/ANE.0000000000001736","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000001736"},{"key":"2488_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1536\/ihj.17-573","volume":"59","author":"KY Lin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lin KY, Wu ZY, You Z, Bin, Zheng WP, Lin CJ, Jiang H, et al. Pre-procedural N-terminal Pro-B type natriuretic peptide predicts contrast-induced acute kidney injury and long-term outcome in elderly patients after elective percutaneous coronary intervention. Int Heart J. 2018;59:926\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1536\/ihj.17-573","journal-title":"Int Heart J"},{"key":"2488_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110379","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinane.2021.110379","volume":"73","author":"C Reiterer","year":"2021","unstructured":"Reiterer C, Kabon B, Taschner A, Falkner von Sonnenburg M, Graf A, Adamowitsch N, et al. Perioperative supplemental oxygen and NT-proBNP concentrations after major abdominal surgery \u2013 a prospective randomized clinical trial. J Clin Anesth. 2021;73:110379. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jclinane.2021.110379","journal-title":"J Clin Anesth"},{"key":"2488_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wijeysundera DN, Beattie WS, Karkouti K, Neuman MD, Austin PC, Laupacis A. Association of echocardiography before major elective non-cardiac surgery with postoperative survival and length of hospital stay: population based cohort study. BMJ. 2011;343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.d3695","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d3695"},{"key":"2488_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2012.03.022","volume":"44","author":"EL Young","year":"2012","unstructured":"Young EL, Karthikesalingam A, Huddart S, Pearse RM, Hinchliffe RJ, Loftus IM, et al. A systematic review of the role of cardiopulmonary exercise testing in vascular surgery. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2012;44:64\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejvs.2012.03.022","journal-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg"},{"key":"2488_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2018.01.137","volume":"258","author":"WJ Gu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gu WJ, Hou BL, Kwong JSW, Tian X, Qian Y, Cui Y, et al. Association between intraoperative hypotension and 30-day mortality, major adverse cardiac events, and acute kidney injury after non-cardiac surgery: a meta-analysis of cohort studies. Int J Cardiol. 2018;258:68\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijcard.2018.01.137","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"2488_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24065089","author":"G Gallo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gallo G, Lanza O, Savoia C. New insight in cardiorenal syndrome: from biomarkers to therapy. Int J Mol Sci. 2023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms24065089","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2488_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000001402","volume":"263","author":"JKM Thacker","year":"2016","unstructured":"Thacker JKM, Mountford WK, Ernst FR, Krukas MR, Mythen MG. Perioperative fluid utilization variability and association with outcomes: considerations for enhanced recovery efforts in sample US surgical populations. Ann Surg. 2016;263:502\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/SLA.0000000000001402","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"2488_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000002603","volume":"130","author":"TE Miller","year":"2019","unstructured":"Miller TE, Myles PS. Perioperative fluid therapy for major surgery. Anesthesiology. 2019;130:825\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ALN.0000000000002603","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"2488_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1007\/s00540-016-2261-7","volume":"31","author":"A Som","year":"2017","unstructured":"Som A, Maitra S, Bhattacharjee S, Baidya DK. Goal directed fluid therapy decreases postoperative morbidity but not mortality in major non-cardiac surgery: a meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Anesth. 2017;31:66\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00540-016-2261-7","journal-title":"J Anesth"},{"key":"2488_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.323.7315.715","volume":"323","author":"L Blue","year":"2001","unstructured":"Blue L, Lang E, McMurray JJV, Davie AP, McDonagh TA, Murdoch DR, et al. Randomised controlled trial of specialist nurse intervention in heart failure. Br Med J. 2001;323:715\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.323.7315.715","journal-title":"Br Med J"}],"container-title":["BMC Anesthesiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12871-024-02488-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12871-024-02488-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12871-024-02488-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,23]],"date-time":"2024-03-23T07:09:57Z","timestamp":1711177797000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcanesthesiol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12871-024-02488-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,23]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2488"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12871-024-02488-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2253"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2253","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 January 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 March 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 March 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Ethical approval for this study (AZ 263\/21) was provided by the local ethics committee of the medical faculty of the Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany on 10 January 2022, and this trial was registered with the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS00027871). All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations (Declaration of Helsinki and international and national standards\/regulations). According to the observational nature of the entire study and subsequent data anonymisation, written informed consent to participate was waived by the ethics committee of the medical faculty of the Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany on 10 January 2022 (AZ 263\/21).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"113"}}