{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T20:39:58Z","timestamp":1792269598218,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789171200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789171200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Anesthesiol"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-026-03922-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T00:37:46Z","timestamp":1789173466000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Local anesthetic systemic toxicity with liposomal bupivacaine: a case series and literature review"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Liu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanjun","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"3922_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1097\/AAP.0000000000000544","volume":"42","author":"EE Morwald","year":"2017","unstructured":"Morwald EE, Zubizarreta N, Cozowicz C, Poeran J, Memtsoudis SG. Incidence of Local Anesthetic Systemic Toxicity in Orthopedic Patients Receiving Peripheral Nerve Blocks. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2017;42(4):442\u201345.","journal-title":"Reg Anesth Pain Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"3922_CR2","first-page":"131","volume":"43","author":"DS Rubin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rubin DS, Matsumoto MM, Weinberg G, Roth S. Local Anesthetic Systemic Toxicity in Total Joint Arthroplasty: Incidence and Risk Factors in the United States From the National Inpatient Sample 1998\u20132013. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2018;43(2):131\u201337.","journal-title":"Reg Anesth Pain Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"3922_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1097\/AAP.0000000000000329","volume":"41","author":"SS Liu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Liu SS, Ortolan S, Sandoval MV, Curren J, Fields KG, Memtsoudis SG, YaDeau JT. Cardiac Arrest and Seizures Caused by Local Anesthetic Systemic Toxicity After Peripheral Nerve Blocks: Should We Still Fear the Reaper? Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2016;41(1):5\u201321.","journal-title":"Reg Anesth Pain Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"3922_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1097\/AAP.0b013e318292669b","volume":"38","author":"MJ Barrington","year":"2013","unstructured":"Barrington MJ, Kluger R. Ultrasound guidance reduces the risk of local anesthetic systemic toxicity following peripheral nerve blockade. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2013;38(4):289\u201399.","journal-title":"Reg Anesth Pain Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"3922_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2023.11.011","volume":"42","author":"MO On\u2019Gele","year":"2024","unstructured":"On\u2019Gele MO, Weintraub S, Qi V, Kim J. Local Anesthetics, Local Anesthetic Systemic Toxicity (LAST), and Liposomal Bupivacaine. Anesthesiol Clin. 2024;42(2):303\u201315.","journal-title":"Anesthesiol Clin"},{"issue":"1","key":"3922_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200607000-00033","volume":"105","author":"MA Rosenblatt","year":"2006","unstructured":"Rosenblatt MA, Abel M, Fischer GW, Itzkovich CJ, Eisenkraft JB. Successful use of a 20% lipid emulsion to resuscitate a patient after a presumed bupivacaine-related cardiac arrest. Anesthesiology. 2006;105(1):217\u20138.","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"3922_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1136\/rapm-00115550-200803000-00014","volume":"33","author":"T McCutchen","year":"2008","unstructured":"McCutchen T, Gerancher JC. Early intralipid therapy may have prevented bupivacaine-associated cardiac arrest. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2008;33(2):178\u201380.","journal-title":"Reg Anesth Pain Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"3922_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1007\/s00540-009-0754-3","volume":"23","author":"S Shah","year":"2009","unstructured":"Shah S, Gopalakrishnan S, Apuya J, Shah S, Martin T. Use of Intralipid in an infant with impending cardiovascular collapse due to local anesthetic toxicity. J Anesth. 2009;23(3):439\u201341.","journal-title":"J Anesth"},{"issue":"1","key":"3922_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e31825ad8de","volume":"117","author":"GL Weinberg","year":"2012","unstructured":"Weinberg GL. Lipid emulsion infusion: resuscitation for local anesthetic and other drug overdose. Anesthesiology. 2012;117(1):180\u20137.","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"9","key":"3922_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1136\/rapm-2022-104252","volume":"48","author":"ES Schwenk","year":"2023","unstructured":"Schwenk ES, Lam E, Abulfathi AA, Schmidt S, Gebhart A, Witzeling SD, Mohamod D, Sarna RR, Roy AB, Zhao JL, et al. Population pharmacokinetic and safety analysis of ropivacaine used for erector spinae plane blocks. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2023;48(9):454\u201361.","journal-title":"Reg Anesth Pain Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"3922_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1097\/AAP.0000000000000720","volume":"43","author":"JM Neal","year":"2018","unstructured":"Neal JM, Barrington MJ, Fettiplace MR, Gitman M, Memtsoudis SG, M\u00f6rwald EE, Rubin DS, Weinberg G. The Third American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Practice Advisory on Local Anesthetic Systemic Toxicity: Executive Summary 2017. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2018;43(2):113\u201323.","journal-title":"Reg Anesth Pain Med"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"3922_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.15282","volume":"76","author":"AJR Macfarlane","year":"2021","unstructured":"Macfarlane AJR, Gitman M, Bornstein KJ, El-Boghdadly K, Weinberg G. Updates in our understanding of local anaesthetic systemic toxicity: a narrative review. Anaesthesia. 2021;76(Suppl 1):27\u201339.","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"issue":"6","key":"3922_CR13","first-page":"564","volume":"29","author":"PH Rosenberg","year":"2004","unstructured":"Rosenberg PH, Veering BT, Urmey WF. Maximum recommended doses of local anesthetics: a multifactorial concept. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2004;29(6):564\u201375. discussion 524.","journal-title":"Reg Anesth Pain Med"},{"key":"3922_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S85424","volume":"8","author":"GP Joshi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Joshi GP, Patou G, Kharitonov V. The safety of liposome bupivacaine following various routes of administration in animals. J Pain Res. 2015;8:781\u20139.","journal-title":"J Pain Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"3922_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2025.03.030","volume":"135","author":"AL Belfar","year":"2025","unstructured":"Belfar AL, Nguyen PN, Feng BH. Local anaesthetic systemic toxicity presenting as cardiac arrest after subcutaneous infiltration of liposomal bupivacaine. Br J Anaesth. 2025;135(1):232\u201333.","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"issue":"11","key":"3922_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4252","DOI":"10.1177\/00031348231206578","volume":"89","author":"J Boleyn","year":"2023","unstructured":"Boleyn J, Hardie K, Burt MR, Wieman S. Local Anesthetic Systemic Toxicity During Transversus Abdominis Plane Block With Liposomal Bupivacaine. Am Surg. 2023;89(11):4252\u201354.","journal-title":"Am Surg"}],"container-title":["BMC Anesthesiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12871-026-03922-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12871-026-03922-9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12871-026-03922-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T00:37:47Z","timestamp":1789173467000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12871-026-03922-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3922"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12871-026-03922-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2253"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2253","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"12 January 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 May 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 September 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Informed written consent for the publication of this case report and accompanying data was obtained from the patients before submission.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"560"}}