{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T04:30:30Z","timestamp":1790224230337,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,28]],"date-time":"2016-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1464393600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"name":"Cardiome Pharma Corp"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Cardiovasc Disord"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-016-0289-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,27]],"date-time":"2016-05-27T21:17:50Z","timestamp":1464383870000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Safety and efficacy of vernakalant for the conversion of atrial fibrillation to sinus rhythm; a phase 3b randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Gregory N.","family":"Beatch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Mangal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"289_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2370","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.285.18.2370","volume":"285","author":"AS Go","year":"2001","unstructured":"Go AS, Hylek EM, Phillips KA, Chang Y, Henault LE, Selby JV, et al. Prevalence of diagnosed atrial fibrillation in adults: national implications for rhythm management and stroke prevention: the AnTicoagulation and Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation (ATRIA) Study. JAMA. 2001;285:2370\u20135.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"289_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(99)80348-9","volume":"98","author":"AD Krahn","year":"1995","unstructured":"Krahn AD, Manfreda J, Tate RB, Mathewson FA, Cuddy TE. The natural history of atrial fibrillation: incidence, risk factors, and prognosis in the Manitoba Follow-Up Study. Am J Med. 1995;98:476\u201384.","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"289_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.01.099","volume":"172","author":"HJ Crijns","year":"2014","unstructured":"Crijns HJ, Weijs B, Fairley AM, Lewalter T, Maggioni AP, Martin A, et al. Contemporary real life cardioversion of atrial fibrillation: Results from the multinational RHYTHM-AF study. Int J Cardiol. 2014;172:588\u201394.","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"289_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.3109\/07853890.2015.1031821","volume":"47","author":"J Jaakkola","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jaakkola J, Hartikainen JE, Kiviniemi T, Nuotio I, Nammas W, Gronberg T, et al. Ventricular rate during acute atrial fibrillation and outcome of electrical cardioversion: The FinCV Study. Ann Med. 2015;47:341\u20135.","journal-title":"Ann Med"},{"key":"289_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1053\/pcad.2001.26966","volume":"44","author":"RS Slavik","year":"2001","unstructured":"Slavik RS, Tisdale JE, Borzak S. Pharmacologic conversion of atrial fibrillation: a systematic review of available evidence. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2001;44:121\u201352.","journal-title":"Prog Cardiovasc Dis"},{"key":"289_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eur406","volume":"14","author":"R Pisters","year":"2012","unstructured":"Pisters R, Nieuwlaat R, Prins MH, Le Heuzey JY, Maggioni AP, Camm AJ, et al. Clinical correlates of immediate success and outcome at 1-year follow-up of real-world cardioversion of atrial fibrillation: the Euro Heart Survey. Europace. 2012;14:666\u201374.","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"289_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(99)00715-8","volume":"84","author":"IC Gelder Van","year":"1999","unstructured":"Van Gelder IC, Tuinenburg AE, Schoonderwoerd BS, Tieleman RG, Crijns HJ. Pharmacologic versus direct-current electrical cardioversion of atrial flutter and fibrillation. Am J Cardiol. 1999;84:147\u201351.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"289_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(98)00182-9","volume":"81","author":"PR Kowey","year":"1998","unstructured":"Kowey PR, Marinchak RA, Rials SJ, Filart RA. Acute treatment of atrial fibrillation. Am J Cardiol. 1998;81:16\u201322.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"289_CR9","first-page":"1241","volume":"14","author":"MN Sharif","year":"1998","unstructured":"Sharif MN, Wyse DG. Atrial fibrillation: overview of therapeutic trials. Can J Cardiol. 1998;14:1241\u201354.","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol"},{"key":"289_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1136\/heart.87.6.535","volume":"87","author":"G Nichol","year":"2002","unstructured":"Nichol G, McAlister F, Pham B, Laupacis A, Shea B, Green M, et al. Meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials of the effectiveness of antiarrhythmic agents at promoting sinus rhythm in patients with atrial fibrillation. Heart. 2002;87:535\u201343.","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"289_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1097\/FJC.0b013e3180547553","volume":"50","author":"P Dorian","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dorian P, Pinter A, Mangat I, Korley V, Cvitkovic SS, Beatch GN. The effect of vernakalant (RSD1235), an investigational antiarrhythmic agent, on atrial electrophysiology in humans. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2007;50:35\u201340.","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Pharmacol"},{"key":"289_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1518","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.723866","volume":"117","author":"D Roy","year":"2008","unstructured":"Roy D, Pratt CM, Torp-Pedersen C, Wyse DG, Toft E, Juul-Moller S, et al. Vernakalant hydrochloride for rapid conversion of atrial fibrillation: a phase 3, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Circulation. 2008;117:1518\u201325.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"289_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2010.07.046","volume":"57","author":"AJ Camm","year":"2011","unstructured":"Camm AJ, Capucci A, Hohnloser SH, Torp-Pedersen C, Van Gelder IC, Mangal B, et al. A randomized active-controlled study comparing the efficacy and safety of vernakalant to amiodarone in recent-onset atrial fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011;57:313\u201321.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"289_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2010.06.054","volume":"106","author":"CM Pratt","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pratt CM, Roy D, Torp-Pedersen C, Wyse DG, Toft E, Juul-Moller S, et al. Usefulness of vernakalant hydrochloride injection for rapid conversion of atrial fibrillation. Am J Cardiol. 2010;106:1277\u201383.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"289_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1007\/s10928-011-9207-3","volume":"38","author":"Z Mao","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mao Z, Wheeler JJ, Townsend R, Gao Y, Kshirsagar S, Keirns JJ. Population pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic analysis of vernakalant hydrochloride injection (RSD1235) in atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter. J Pharmacokinet Pharmacodyn. 2011;38:541\u201362.","journal-title":"J Pharmacokinet Pharmacodyn"},{"key":"289_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2014.03.022","volume":"64","author":"CT January","year":"2014","unstructured":"January CT, Wann LS, Alpert JS, Calkins H, Cigarroa JE, Cleveland Jr JC, et al. 2014 AHA\/ACC\/HRS guideline for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;64:e1\u201376.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"289_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.109.870204","volume":"2","author":"PR Kowey","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kowey PR, Dorian P, Mitchell LB, Pratt CM, Roy D, Schwartz PJ, et al. Vernakalant hydrochloride for the rapid conversion of atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2009;2:652\u20139.","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"key":"289_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2010.02.035","volume":"159","author":"IG Stiell","year":"2010","unstructured":"Stiell IG, Roos JS, Kavanagh KM, Dickinson G. A multicenter, open-label study of vernakalant for the conversion of atrial fibrillation to sinus rhythm. Am Heart J. 2010;159:1095\u2013101.","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"289_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1007\/s10557-012-6374-4","volume":"26","author":"LD Bash","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bash LD, Buono JL, Davies GM, Martin A, Fahrbach K, Phatak H, et al. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy of cardioversion by vernakalant and comparators in patients with atrial fibrillation. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 2012;26:167\u201379.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Drugs Ther"},{"key":"289_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2004.09.021","volume":"44","author":"D Roy","year":"2004","unstructured":"Roy D, Rowe BH, Stiell IG, Coutu B, Ip JH, Phaneuf D, et al. A randomized, controlled trial of RSD1235, a novel anti-arrhythmic agent, in the treatment of recent onset atrial fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2004;44:2355\u201361.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"289_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.2174\/1573403X10666140513103709","volume":"10","author":"AJ Camm","year":"2014","unstructured":"Camm AJ. The vernakalant story: how did it come to approval in Europe and what is the delay in the U.S.A? Curr Cardiol Rev. 2014;10:309\u201314.","journal-title":"Curr Cardiol Rev"},{"key":"289_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1432","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eut106","volume":"15","author":"T Gronberg","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gronberg T, Nuotio I, Nikkinen M, Ylitalo A, Vasankari T, Hartikainen JE, et al. Arrhythmic complications after electrical cardioversion of acute atrial fibrillation: the FinCV study. Europace. 2013;15:1432\u20135.","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"289_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.3824","volume":"312","author":"I Nuotio","year":"2014","unstructured":"Nuotio I, Hartikainen JE, Gronberg T, Biancari F, Airaksinen KE. Time to cardioversion for acute atrial fibrillation and thromboembolic complications. JAMA. 2014;312:647\u20139.","journal-title":"JAMA"}],"container-title":["BMC Cardiovascular Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12872-016-0289-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12872-016-0289-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12872-016-0289-0","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12872-016-0289-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,21]],"date-time":"2017-02-21T14:46:19Z","timestamp":1487688379000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/bmccardiovascdisord.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12872-016-0289-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,28]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]}},"alternative-id":["289"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12872-016-0289-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2261"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2261","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,28]]},"article-number":"113"}}