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Understanding the underlying mechanisms could improve its management. We investigated the effects of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) on connexin-43 (Cx43) expression and ventricular arrhythmia susceptibility after CME.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Forty male rabbits were randomized into four groups (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200910 each): Sham, CME, G-CSF, and AG490 (a JAK2 selective inhibitor). Rabbits in the CME, G-CSF, and AG490 groups underwent left anterior descending (LAD) artery catheterization and CME. Animals in the G-CSF and AG490 groups received intraperitoneal injection of G-CSF and G-CSF\u2009+\u2009AG490, respectively. The ventricular structure was assessed by echocardiography. Ventricular electrical properties were analyzed using cardiac electrophysiology. The myocardial interstitial collagen content and morphologic characteristics were evaluated using Masson and hematoxylin-eosin staining, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Western blot and immunohistochemistry were employed to analyze the expressions of Cx43, G-CSF receptor (G-CSFR), JAK2, and STAT3. The ventricular effective refractory period (VERP), VERP dispersion, and inducibility and lethality of ventricular tachycardia\/fibrillation were lower in the G-CSF than in the CME group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01), indicating less severe myocardial damage and arrhythmias. The G-CSF group showed higher phosphorylated-Cx43 expression (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01 vs. CME). Those G-CSF-induced changes were reversed by A490, indicating the involvement of JAK2. G-CSFR, phosphorylated-JAK2, and phosphorylated-STAT3 protein levels were higher in the G-CSF group than in the AG490 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01) and Sham (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) groups.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>G-CSF might attenuate myocardial remodeling via JAK2-STAT3 signaling and thereby reduce ventricular arrhythmia susceptibility after CME.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-020-01385-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,17]],"date-time":"2020-02-17T16:09:04Z","timestamp":1581955744000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor attenuates myocardial remodeling and ventricular arrhythmia susceptibility via the JAK2-STAT3 pathway in a rabbit model of coronary microembolization"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Weiwei","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuhua","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lutao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qiong","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jianhua","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xuehai","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4614-2915","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Feilong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hangzhou","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"1385_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gaffar R, Habib B, Filion KB, Reynier P, Eisenberg MJ. 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