{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T10:07:55Z","timestamp":1790762875851,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,24]],"date-time":"2020-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598227200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,24]],"date-time":"2020-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598227200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Wilhelm Roux Programme","award":["FKZ 28\/35"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FKZ 28\/35"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Cardiovasc Disord"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Smoking cessation is one of the most effective secondary prevention measures after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, around 50% of smokers do not quit smoking after AMI. The aim of the present study is to estimate the proportion of patients quitting smoking and to identify determinants of persistent smoking after AMI in a region with increased cardiovascular mortality. We also assessed the time of smoking cessation after AMI.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>We used follow-up data of patients registered with the Regional Myocardial Infarction Registry in Saxony-Anhalt (RHESA) in Germany. We assessed smoking status and determinants of persistent smoking six weeks after discharge from hospital after AMI. Information on smoking, sociodemographic characteristics, risk factors for AMI, experienced symptoms of AMI, and clinical care were gathered in a computer-assisted telephone interview and questionnaires filled out by study subjects and physicians or study nurses.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Out of 372 smokers at the time of AMI, 191 (51.3%) reported that they quit smoking within six weeks after discharge from hospital after AMI. Strongest determinant of persistent smoking was a previous AMI before the current one (OR\u2009=\u20092.19, 95%CI 1.10\u20134.38) and strongest determinants of smoking cessation were experiencing complications in the hospital (0.37, 95%CI 0.12\u20131.12) and having a life partner (0.56, 95%CI 0.34\u20130.95). Most individuals who stopped smoking did so during the initial stay in the hospital, before the cardiac rehabilitation (CR).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Persistent smoking after AMI and its determinants were similar in our region to previous studies. CR cannot be viewed as determinant of smoking cessation \u2013 more likely the same teachable moment induces behavioural change with regard to smoking and participation in CR.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-020-01641-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,24]],"date-time":"2020-08-24T14:03:06Z","timestamp":1598277786000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Determinants of persistent smoking after acute myocardial infarction: an observational study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Jens","family":"H\u00f6pner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Udo","family":"Junge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Schmidt-Pokrzywniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Fischer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1271-7204","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafael","family":"Mikolajczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"1641_CR1","unstructured":"German Heart Foundation (ed.). Deutscher Herzbericht 2015. Frankfurt am Main: 2015."},{"key":"1641_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-015-0040-2","volume":"15","author":"S Bohley","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bohley S, Trocchi P, Robra B-P, Mau W, Stang A. The regional myocardial infarction registry of Saxony-Anhalt (RHESA) in Germany \u2013 rational and study protocol. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2015;15:45.","journal-title":"BMC Cardiovasc Disord"},{"key":"1641_CR3","first-page":"530","volume":"111","author":"A Stang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Stang A, Stang M. An inter-state comparison of cardiovascular risk factors in Germany. Dtsch Aerzteblatt Online. 2014;111:530\u20136.","journal-title":"Dtsch Aerzteblatt Online"},{"key":"1641_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx393","volume":"39","author":"B Ibanez","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ibanez B, James S, Agewall S, Antunes MJ, Bucciarelli-Ducci C, Bueno H, et al. 2017 ESC guidelines for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation. Eur Heart J. 2018;39:119\u201377.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"1641_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.160.7.939","volume":"160","author":"K Wilson","year":"2000","unstructured":"Wilson K, Gibson N, Willan A, Cook D. Effect of smoking cessation on mortality after myocardial infarction. Arch Intern Med. 2000;160:939.","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"1641_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2018.01.064","volume":"258","author":"M Snaterse","year":"2018","unstructured":"Snaterse M, Deckers JW, Lenzen MJ, Jorstad HT, De Bacquer D, Peters RJG, et al. Smoking cessation in European patients with coronary heart disease. Results from the EUROASPIRE IV survey: a registry from the European Society of Cardiology. Int J Cardiol. 2018;258:1\u20136.","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"1641_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1093\/her\/18.2.156","volume":"18","author":"CM McBride","year":"2003","unstructured":"McBride CM, Emmons KM, Lipkus IM. Understanding the potential of teachable moments: the case of smoking cessation. Health Educ Res. 2003;18:156\u201370.","journal-title":"Health Educ Res"},{"key":"1641_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2008.11.002","volume":"76","author":"PJ Lawson","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lawson PJ, Flocke SA. Teachable moments for health behavior change: a concept analysis. Patient Educ Couns. 2009;76:25\u201330.","journal-title":"Patient Educ Couns"},{"key":"1641_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cahill K, Stevens S, Perera R, Lancaster T. Pharmacological interventions for smoking cessation: an overview and network meta-analysis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013.","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009329.pub2"},{"key":"1641_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006886","volume-title":"Psychosocial interventions for smoking cessation in patients with coronary heart disease. In: Barth J, editor. Cochrane database of systematic reviews","author":"J Barth","year":"2008","unstructured":"Barth J, Critchley JA, Bengel J. Psychosocial interventions for smoking cessation in patients with coronary heart disease. In: Barth J, editor. Cochrane database of systematic reviews. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2008."},{"key":"1641_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.11.020","volume":"115","author":"O Sochor","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sochor O, Lennon RJ, Rodriguez-Escudero JP, Bresnahan JF, Croghan I, Somers VK, et al. Trends and predictors of smoking cessation after percutaneous coronary intervention (from Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1999 to 2010). Am J Cardiol. 2015;115:405\u201310.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"1641_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1177\/1741826710389371","volume":"18","author":"Y Gerber","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gerber Y, Koren-Morag N, Myers V, Benyamini Y, Goldbourt U, Drory Y, et al. Long-term predictors of smoking cessation in a cohort of myocardial infarction survivors: a longitudinal study. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil. 2011;18:533\u201341.","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil"},{"key":"1641_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-017-0676-1","volume":"17","author":"E Sverre","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sverre E, Otterstad JE, Gjertsen E, Gullestad L, Husebye E, Dammen T, et al. Medical and sociodemographic factors predict persistent smoking after coronary events. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2017;17:241.","journal-title":"BMC Cardiovasc Disord"},{"key":"1641_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1097\/00008483-200205000-00003","volume":"22","author":"BH Brummett","year":"2002","unstructured":"Brummett BH, Babyak MA, Mark DC, Williams RB, Siegler IC, Clapp-Channing N, et al. Predictors of smoking cessation in patients with a diagnosis of coronary artery disease. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev. 2002;22:143\u20137.","journal-title":"J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev"},{"key":"1641_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.4960141007","volume":"14","author":"M Di Tullio","year":"1991","unstructured":"Di Tullio M, Granata D, Taioli E, Broccolino M, Recalcati F, Zaini G, et al. Early predictors of smoking cessation after myocardial infarction. Clin Cardiol. 1991;14:809\u201312.","journal-title":"Clin Cardiol"},{"key":"1641_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-016-0336-x","volume":"16","author":"K Hirsch","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hirsch K, Bohley S, Mau W, Schmidt-Pokrzywniak A. The RHESA-CARE study: an extended baseline survey of the regional myocardial infarction registry of Saxony-Anhalt (RHESA) design and objectives. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2016;16:159.","journal-title":"BMC Cardiovasc Disord"},{"key":"1641_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S29","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/18.3_Supplement_1.S29","volume":"18","author":"S B\u00f6thig","year":"1989","unstructured":"B\u00f6thig S. WHO MONICA project: objectives and design. Int J Epidemiol. 1989;18:S29\u201337.","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"1641_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2261-5-33","volume":"5","author":"KH Greiser","year":"2005","unstructured":"Greiser KH, Kluttig A, Schumann B, Kors JA, Swenne CA, Kuss O, et al. Cardiovascular disease, risk factors and heart rate variability in the elderly general population: design and objectives of the CARdiovascular disease, living and ageing in Halle (CARLA) study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2005;5:33.","journal-title":"BMC Cardiovasc Disord"},{"key":"1641_CR19","first-page":"186","volume":"50","author":"J Lamprecht","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lamprecht J, Behrens J, Mau WSM. Das intensivierte rehabilitationsnachsorgeprogramm (irena) der deutschen rentenversicherung bund - berufsbegleitende inanspruchnahme und ver\u00e4nderungen berufsbezogener parmeter. Rehabil. 2011;50:186\u201394.","journal-title":"Rehabil."},{"key":"1641_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470316696","volume-title":"Multiple imputation for nonresponse in surveys","author":"DB Rubin","year":"1987","unstructured":"Rubin DB. Multiple imputation for nonresponse in surveys. New York: Wiley; 1987."},{"key":"1641_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E3","DOI":"10.1002\/jhm.415","volume":"4","author":"JS Holtrop","year":"2009","unstructured":"Holtrop JS, Stommel M, Corser W, Holmes-Rovner M, Holtrop JS. Predictors of smoking cessation and relapse after hospitalization for acute coronary syndrome. J Hosp Med. 2009;4:E3\u20139.","journal-title":"J Hosp Med"},{"key":"1641_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lampert T, Lippe E von der, M\u00fcters S. Verbreitung des Rauchens in der Erwachsenenbev\u00f6lkerung in Deutschland. Berlin: Robert Koch-Institut, Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsberichterstattung; 2013.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00103-013-1698-1"},{"key":"1641_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2018.10.010","volume":"118","author":"DA Katz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Katz DA, Buchanan DM, Vander Weg MW, Faseru B, Horwitz PA, Jones PG, et al. Does outpatient cardiac rehabilitation help patients with acute myocardial infarction quit smoking? Prev Med (Baltim). 2019;118:51\u20138.","journal-title":"Prev Med (Baltim)"},{"key":"1641_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2648.2004.03052.x","volume":"46","author":"MF Attebring","year":"2004","unstructured":"Attebring MF, Hartford M, Hjalmarson A, Caidahl K, Karlsson T, Herlitz J. Smoking habits and predictors of continued smoking in patients with acute coronary syndromes. J Adv Nurs. 2004;46:614\u201323.","journal-title":"J Adv Nurs"},{"key":"1641_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1373","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(96)00236-3","volume":"49","author":"P Peduzzi","year":"1996","unstructured":"Peduzzi P, Concato J, Kemper E, Holford TR, Feinstein AR. A simulation study of the number of events per variable in logistic regression analysis. J Clin Epidemiol. 1996;49:1373\u20139.","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"}],"container-title":["BMC Cardiovascular Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12872-020-01641-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12872-020-01641-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12872-020-01641-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,23]],"date-time":"2021-08-23T23:22:01Z","timestamp":1629760921000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmccardiovascdisord.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12872-020-01641-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,24]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1641"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12872-020-01641-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2261"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2261","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"26 November 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 July 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 August 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"RHESA was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg and by the State Data Protection and Privacy Commissioner of Saxony-Anhalt. The ethics for the RHESA-CARE Study are included in those of the RHESA. All patients gave their written informed consent to participate in the study.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"384"}}