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This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of one-stop occlusion in the treatment of adult patients with ASD\/PFO and AF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Inpatients with AF and ASD\/PFO were recruited between August 2014 and April 2019. Preoperatively, transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) were conducted to identify the ASD\/PFO size and margin, presence of thrombus in the LAA, and LAA orifice width and depth at 0\u00b0, 45\u00b0, 90\u00b0, and 135\u00b0. After confirmation of the indications of LAA closure (LAAC) and ASD\/PFO occlusion, the procedures were performed simultaneously under general anesthesia. Oral anticoagulants were administered for 45\u201360\u2009days, followed with regular evaluation of TTE and TEE.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Forty-nine patients (age, 65.6\u2009\u00b1\u20099.6\u2009years) were recruited in this study, including 24 patients with ASD and 25 patients with PFO. They were treated with LAAC and ASD\/PFO occlusion successfully. The mean ASD size and mean diameter of the ASD occluders were 14.2\u2009\u00b1\u20097.7 and 25.4\u2009\u00b1\u20098.5\u2009mm, respectively. The mean PFO size was 3.5\u2009\u00b1\u20090.4\u2009mm. The mean maximal LAA orifice width and depth were 20.5\u2009\u00b1\u20093.4 and 28.3\u2009\u00b1\u20093.6\u2009mm, respectively. All patients were implanted with a Watchman device (diameter, 27.1\u2009\u00b1\u20092.9\u2009mm). Postoperatively, all patients took anticoagulants orally for 45\u201360\u2009days, and their mean postoperative follow-up duration was 29.0\u2009\u00b1\u200912.1\u2009months. Postoperative TEE showed that all had normal positioning of the LAA and ASD\/PFO occluders. At 45\u201360\u2009days after operation, TEE showed that the LAA and ASD\/PFO occluder were in the normal position; however, two patients who took warfarin and novel oral anticoagulants, respectively, have developed occluder thrombosis. After adjusted anticoagulant therapy, TEE showed that the thrombus disappeared at 6\u2009months after operation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>One-stop occlusion is safe and effective for the treatment of adult patients with ASD\/PFO and AF. It is also feasible to administer warfarin or novel oral anticoagulants after operation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-020-01708-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,12]],"date-time":"2020-10-12T10:02:51Z","timestamp":1602496971000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["\u201cOne-stop shop\u201d: safety and efficacy of combining atrial septal defect occlusion and left atrial appendage closure for patients with atrial septal defect and atrial fibrillation"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Zhi-hui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hai-yun","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhi-Yuan","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3638-4432","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hua-kang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"1708_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1890","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(02)01886-7","volume":"39","author":"JI Hoffman","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hoffman JI, Kaplan S. 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