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Therefore, we aimed to assess the incidence, causes and predictors of hospitalization in AF patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>From August 2011 to December 2017, a total number of 20,172 AF patients from the Chinese Atrial Fibrillation Registry (China-AF) Study were prospectively selected for this study. We described the incidence, causes of hospitalization by age groups and sex. The Fine-Gray competing risk model was employed to identify predictors of first all-cause and first cause-specific hospitalization.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>After a mean follow-up of 37.3 \u00b1 20.4\u00a0months, 7,512 (37.2%) AF patients experienced one or more hospitalizations. The overall incidence of all-cause hospitalization was 24.0 per 100 patient-years. Patients aged &lt; 65\u00a0years were predominantly hospitalized for AF (42.1% of the total hospitalizations); while patients aged 65\u201374 and \u2265 75\u00a0years were mainly hospitalized for non-cardiovascular diseases (43.6% and 49.3%, respectively). We found patients complicated with heart failure (HF)[hazard ratio (HR) 1.10, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02\u20131.18], established coronary artery disease (CAD) (HR 1.24, 95%CI 1.17\u20131.33), ischemic stroke\/transient ischemic attack (TIA) (HR 1.22, 95%CI 1.15\u20131.30), diabetes (HR 1.14, 95%CI 1.08\u20131.20), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (HR 1.28, 95%CI 1.02\u20131.62), gastrointestinal disorder (HR 1.37, 95%CI 1.21\u20131.55), and renal dysfunction (HR 1.24, 95%CI 1.09\u20131.42) had higher risks of hospitalization.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>More than one-third of AF patients included in this study were hospitalized at least once during over 3-year follow-up. The main cause for hospitalization among the elderly patients (\u2265 65\u00a0years) is non-cardiovascular diseases rather than AF. Multidisciplinary management of comorbidities should be advocated to reduce hospitalization in AF patients older than 65\u00a0years old.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Clinical Registry<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.chictr.org.cn\/showproj.aspx?proj=5831\">http:\/\/www.chictr.org.cn\/showproj.aspx?proj=5831<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      . Unique identifier: ChiCTR-OCH-13003729. The registration date is October 22, 2013.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-021-01951-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,19]],"date-time":"2021-03-19T12:03:53Z","timestamp":1616155433000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Incidence and predictors of hospitalization in patients with atrial fibrillation: results from the Chinese atrial fibrillation registry study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"chictr-och-13003729","registry":"10.18810\/chictr"}],"author":[{"given":"Zhaojie","family":"Dong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shangxin","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shijun","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liu","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhaoxu","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deyong","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caihua","family":"Sang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ribo","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nian","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rong","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronghui","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianzeng","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5387-5957","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Changsheng","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"1951_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.005119","volume":"129","author":"SS Chugh","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chugh SS, Havmoeller R, Narayanan K, Singh D, Rienstra M, Benjamin EJ, Gillum RF, Kim YH, McAnulty JH Jr, Zheng ZJ, et al. 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Clin Exp Nephrol. 2017;21(3):504\u201312.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Nephrol"}],"container-title":["BMC Cardiovascular Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12872-021-01951-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12872-021-01951-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12872-021-01951-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,23]],"date-time":"2023-10-23T10:06:14Z","timestamp":1698055574000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmccardiovascdisord.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12872-021-01951-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,19]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1951"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12872-021-01951-5","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-123416\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1471-2261"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2261","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 November 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 March 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 March 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study was approved by the Ethics Committee on Human Research of Beijing Anzhen Hospital, the Capital Medical University. All participants provided written informed consent. Name of the ethics committee: Ethics Committee of Beijing Anzhen Hospital. Reference number: D11110700300000.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"Chang-sheng Ma has received honoraria from Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pfizer, Johnson & Johnson, Boehringer-Ingelheim, and Bayer for giving lectures. Jian-zeng Dong has received honoraria from Johnson & Johnson for giving lectures. The rest of the authors have declared no conflict of interest.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"146"}}