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The potential therapeutic effects of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) and the participation of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in MIRI remains to be defined.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We used the experimental acute MIRI that was induced in mice by left ascending coronary ischemia, which were subsequently randomized to receive immunoglobulin G (IgG) or anti-CD25 antibody PC61 with or without intravenously injected BM-MSCs. The splenectomized mice underwent prior to experimental MIRI followed by intravenous administration of BM-MSCs. At 72\u00a0h post-MIRI, the hearts and spleens were harvested and subjected to cytometric and histologic analyses.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>CD25<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>Foxp3<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> regulatory T cells were significantly elevated after MIRI in the hearts and spleens of mice receiving IgG\u2009+\u2009BM-MSCs and PC61\u2009+\u2009BM-MSCs compared to the respective control mice (all p\u2009&lt;\u20090.01). This was accompanied by upregulation of interleukin 10 and transforming growth factor \u03b21 and downregulation of creatinine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase in the serum. The post-MIRI\u00a0mice receiving BM-MSCs showed attenuated inflammation and cellular apoptosis in the heart. Meanwhile, splenectomy compromised all therapeutic effects of BM-MSCs.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Administration of BM-MSCs effectively alleviates MIRI in mice through inducing Treg activation, particularly in the spleen.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-021-02007-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,27]],"date-time":"2021-04-27T15:06:41Z","timestamp":1619536001000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells attenuate myocardial ischemia\u2013reperfusion injury via upregulation of splenic regulatory T cells"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Ling-Xiao","family":"Pang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen-Wei","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heng-Jie","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Fei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong-Sheng","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Sheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ke","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rong-Cheng","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying-Wei","family":"Ou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen-Jie","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2007_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-017-0482-9","volume":"17","author":"S Johansson","year":"2017","unstructured":"Johansson S, Rosengren A, Young K, Jennings E. 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